From ddc4b0a42040fe9a634d34759fd3f233f0890c69 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: discomrade <83621080+discomrade@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Feb 2024 15:00:48 +0000
Subject: [PATCH] Clean up Reddit and YouTube links (#149)

* Normalise reddit links

* Normalise YouTube links
---
 acab.md                           |   2 +-
 audiobooks.md                     |   2 +-
 capitalism_doesnt_work.md         |   8 +-
 crash_course_socialism.md         | 116 ++++----
 dessalines_marxism_study_plan.md  |  26 +-
 how_to_torrent.md                 |   4 +-
 mandarin_guide.md                 |  22 +-
 paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md |   2 +-
 recipes/beer_brewing.md           |   2 +-
 recipes/bens_tek.md               |   8 +-
 routines.md                       |   8 +-
 socialism_faq.md                  | 450 +++++++++++++++---------------
 supercooper_china_deng.md         |  12 +-
 toki_pona_guide.md                |   4 +-
 us_atrocities.md                  |  20 +-
 why_not_signal.md                 |   6 +-
 workout_routine.md                |  36 +--
 17 files changed, 364 insertions(+), 364 deletions(-)

diff --git a/acab.md b/acab.md
index b141f4a..af9aa94 100644
--- a/acab.md
+++ b/acab.md
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Oh, and for anyone wondering what the alternative is, here are some things domes
 
 - Actually solved murders, rapes, and thefts against working class people.
 - Were fully accountable for offenses (although these were rare since there was no for-profit abduction system as exists in Capitalism).
-- Enforced traffic guidelines in cities, first with suggestions, then with minimal to no fines. See this episode of [How Yukong moved the mountains](https://youtu.be/5m6qbrWTj7Y?t=1456) to get an idea of the demeanor of some police in China during the cultural revolution for example.
+- Enforced traffic guidelines in cities, first with suggestions, then with minimal to no fines. See this episode of [How Yukong moved the mountains](https://youtube.com/watch?v=5m6qbrWTj7Y?t=1456) to get an idea of the demeanor of some police in China during the cultural revolution for example.
 - Arrested Capitalists, not empowered them.
 - Worker strikes, when they happened, were left alone.
 - Had minimal crime rates, since homelessness and joblessness were low.
diff --git a/audiobooks.md b/audiobooks.md
index 8568c1c..c3063fe 100644
--- a/audiobooks.md
+++ b/audiobooks.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Read by Dessalines
 
-- [Youtube Channel](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7HJWIFGGeMiJi2h3k18CrQ)
+- [Youtube Channel](https://youtube.com/channel/UC7HJWIFGGeMiJi2h3k18CrQ)
 - [Lenin - The State and Revolution](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:bf60338d499a40e4e99ca8edffda9447402a29de&dn=Lenin+-+The+State+and+Revolution+%5Baudiobook%5D+by+dessalines)
 - [Engels - Socialism - Utopian and Scientific](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:676a3acf1baa5e5bbd26dea9b95272e5ba252fb6&dn=Engels%20-%20Socialism%20-%20Utopian%20and%20Scientific%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
 - [Rosa Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:ef5f7d59d0792aedc3a80673b34d0f6b21fd7802&dn=Rosa%20Luxemburg%20-%20Reform%20or%20Revolution%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
diff --git a/capitalism_doesnt_work.md b/capitalism_doesnt_work.md
index 81a6c18..66dc945 100644
--- a/capitalism_doesnt_work.md
+++ b/capitalism_doesnt_work.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Lets unpack the idea that "Capitalism works". In the US, the most developed Capi
 - [US Life expectancy peaked in 2014](https://i.redd.it/6zo861tkn0441.png), is on the decline, and [is now lower than in China.](https://www.businessinsider.com/china-boasts-that-its-healthy-life-expectancy-beats-the-us-is-correct-2018-5), [2](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-life-expectancy/us-life-expectancy-declining-due-to-more-deaths-in-middle-age-idUSKBN1Y02C7). The average US citizen [has a worse life expectancy](https://nitter.net/jburnmurdoch/status/1641799698058035200) than a citizen in the most impoverished city in England as of 2023.
 - Suicide rates have leaped more than [33% in the last 20 years.](https://politsturm.com/american-suicide-rate-up-33/) [2](https://www.cnn.com/2018/06/07/health/suicide-report-cdc/index.html), [3](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2018/06/07/u-s-suicide-rates-rise-sharply-across-the-country-new-report-shows/?utm_term=.18c1060e6b2f) [Teen suicides are on the rise and outpacing all other age groups.](http://archive.is/Ips7C)
 - A [Drug overdose epidemic, and suicides](https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2019-11-26/life-expectancy-decline-deaths-of-despair) are fueling a decrease in life expectancy.
-- [Committed countless atrocities](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/us_atrocities.md), killing millions directly and indirectly across the globe. Currently maintains an [imperialist network](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Df4R-xdKvpM) of over [800 military bases in 70 countries.](https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/06/us-military-bases-around-the-world-119321) (For comparison, all the other countries combined have only 30 bases)
+- [Committed countless atrocities](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/us_atrocities.md), killing millions directly and indirectly across the globe. Currently maintains an [imperialist network](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Df4R-xdKvpM) of over [800 military bases in 70 countries.](https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/06/us-military-bases-around-the-world-119321) (For comparison, all the other countries combined have only 30 bases)
 - The US has always been in a state of perpetual war; [as of 2021, it has been at war 225 / 243 years of its existence.](https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/595752-the-us-has-been-at-war-225-out-of-243-years-since-1776)
 - [Most prisoners per capita AND by total](https://www.statista.com/statistics/262962/countries-with-the-most-prisoners-per-100-000-inhabitants/). Makes sense, since prison is Capitalism's boarding house.
 - [Runs at least 54 agricultural slave labor camps.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_farm#In_the_United_States_.28partial_list.29).
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ Now let's take a look at what happens after the USSR collapsed, and what came wi
 - [One in ten children now live on the streets.](https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/an-epidemic-of-street-kids-overwhelms-russian-cities/article4141933/) [Infant mortality increases](https://knoema.com/atlas/Russian-Federation/Nenets-Autonomous-District/topics/Demographics/Mortality/Infant-mortality-rate-deaths-before-age-1-per-1000-live-births). Was 29.3 in 2003 which is around (current) Syria and Micronesia, 7.9 in 2013. [Infant mortality in USSR was 1.92](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Soviet_Union#Life_expectancy_and_infant_mortality), literally the lowest in the world.
 - [1996 election rigged by the US, Yeltsin sends in tanks to disperse the supreme soviet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_presidential_election,_1996).
 
-For an overview of the soviet experiment, watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY&feature=youtu.be), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut.](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/)
+For an overview of the soviet experiment, watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut.](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/)
 
-Also read this great article by Stephen Gowans, [Do publicly owned, planned economies work?](https://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work/). [Audio on youtube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
+Also read this great article by Stephen Gowans, [Do publicly owned, planned economies work?](https://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work/). [Audio on youtube](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
 
-Bonus vid about cyber-communism: [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond money](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
+Bonus vid about cyber-communism: [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond money](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
 
 More sources: [Socialism Crash Course](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/crash_course_socialism.md), [Socialism FAQ](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/socialism_faq.md), [Glossary](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/glossary_of_socialist_terms.md).
diff --git a/crash_course_socialism.md b/crash_course_socialism.md
index c3d2fbf..3a62fce 100644
--- a/crash_course_socialism.md
+++ b/crash_course_socialism.md
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ For example, a Copper mine owner neither physically mines the copper, and (livin
 
 A 1983 report by England national income and expenditures found that on average, **26 minutes of every hour worked** (or 43% of labor value added) by English workers across a wide range of industries went to various exploiting or unproductive groups, with workers receiving only _57% of their pre-tax productive output as wages_<sup>[1](https://users.wfu.edu/cottrell/socialism_book/)</sup>. In other words, at least **40% of the work you do every day is stolen by Capitalists.**
 
-Capitalists use the surplus to [push out competitors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-competitive_practices) and gain market share, leading to the destruction of most small businesses, with [just a few companies](http://imgur.com/a/xgnEp) controlling our food, media, [news](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6U2Un5kEdI), energy, transportation, and finances.
+Capitalists use the surplus to [push out competitors](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-competitive_practices) and gain market share, leading to the destruction of most small businesses, with [just a few companies](http://imgur.com/a/xgnEp) controlling our food, media, [news](https://youtube.com/watch?v=x6U2Un5kEdI), energy, transportation, and finances.
 
 In the table below, both capital and surplus value are controlled by a company's owners, who usually appoint a board of directors. This owning class (called Capitalists, or the [Bourgeoisie](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bourgeoisie)) make up a **tiny minority** of the population.
 
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ In the table below, both capital and surplus value are controlled by a company's
 </table>
 <p> </p>
 
-[Wage workers](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oztdRo9GLLk) are **completely dependent** on selling their labor power to those in control of production in order to gain access to the necessities of life (money for food, shelter, clothing, etc). Its similarities to chattel slavery has lead many to term wage work as [wage slavery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_slavery), with voluntary employment being simply a false choice between **one exploiter or another**.
+[Wage workers](https://youtube.com/watch?v=oztdRo9GLLk) are **completely dependent** on selling their labor power to those in control of production in order to gain access to the necessities of life (money for food, shelter, clothing, etc). Its similarities to chattel slavery has lead many to term wage work as [wage slavery](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wage_slavery), with voluntary employment being simply a false choice between **one exploiter or another**.
 
 Technological advancements, instead of benefiting workers, result in decreased or stagnant wages, worsening bargaining power, or **mass layoffs**. For example, a machine that replaces 10 workers _leads to their firing_, resulting in a benefit for the machine owner, and an economic hardship to the fired workers.
 
-Socialist states may choose to accumulate a surplus (to pay for things like health care, research and development, and defense), but [this surplus is socialist-owned and controlled](https://youtu.be/C-T-Fr6DvFw). Rather than benefitting a minority of capitalists, [it goes to benefit workers.](https://www.globalresearch.ca/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/5502859)
+Socialist states may choose to accumulate a surplus (to pay for things like health care, research and development, and defense), but [this surplus is socialist-owned and controlled](https://youtube.com/watch?v=C-T-Fr6DvFw). Rather than benefitting a minority of capitalists, [it goes to benefit workers.](https://www.globalresearch.ca/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/5502859)
 
 **Increase in profits due primarily to automation**
 
@@ -158,15 +158,15 @@ The labor theory was commonly accepted in the 19th century ( especially by Smith
 
 Coming down to reality from idealist and subjective experience, value, like any other scientific concept, such as energy, **is preserved** in a closed system.
 
-The labor theory of value [has been proven empirically correct in recent decades](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=emnYMfjYh1Q), by comparing the amount of labor required in given industries, and the money output of those industries. For nearly every country with sufficient economic data, **the correlation is > 95%**.
+The labor theory of value [has been proven empirically correct in recent decades](https://youtube.com/watch?v=emnYMfjYh1Q), by comparing the amount of labor required in given industries, and the money output of those industries. For nearly every country with sufficient economic data, **the correlation is > 95%**.
 
-Under capitalism, [the subjective theory of value](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_theory_of_value) is based almost entirely on the [supply and demand curve model which is unscientific](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmbm3u2r_Cs), [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKGYzhoYK2I) since it presupposes more unknowns than knowns, and as such is useless at making any predictions. Capitalist value theories are based around [utility](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility), IE joy, which isn't quantifiable, measurable, comparable, or falsifiable, and as such is _useless_ as a scientific concept. Its greatest use is to allow the mega-rich to justify owning [thousands of lifetimes](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/4wxdnb/how_many_lifetimes_of_labor_has_bill_gates_stolen/?ref=search_posts) of stolen labor.
+Under capitalism, [the subjective theory of value](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjective_theory_of_value) is based almost entirely on the [supply and demand curve model which is unscientific](https://youtube.com/watch?v=fmbm3u2r_Cs), [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=SKGYzhoYK2I) since it presupposes more unknowns than knowns, and as such is useless at making any predictions. Capitalist value theories are based around [utility](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility), IE joy, which isn't quantifiable, measurable, comparable, or falsifiable, and as such is _useless_ as a scientific concept. Its greatest use is to allow the mega-rich to justify owning [thousands of lifetimes](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/4wxdnb/how_many_lifetimes_of_labor_has_bill_gates_stolen/?ref=search_posts) of stolen labor.
 
 Most capitalist economists treat value like magic fairy dust: it can be created and destroyed with a mere thought. [Many modern economists and economics professors serve a role akin to the priests during feudalism](https://truthout.org/articles/economic-theorists-the-high-priests-of-capitalism/): treating value and rewards in idealist terms, rather than as scientific concepts, justifying capitalism's immense inequality ( whilst often getting paid to promote it ), and demonizing other theories ( such as LTV ) as heresy.
 
 [The planned economies](capitalism_doesnt_work.md) such as that of the USSR, while imperfect, often provided [better social outcomes](https://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work/) than its Western equivalents. Its publicly owned, planned economy brought it from feudalism to a world superpower, with the [fastest growing economy of the 20th century](https://artir.files.wordpress.com/2016/03/captura-de-pantalla-de-2016-05-26-10-15-23.png), despite starting out at the same level of economic development as Brazil in 1920.
 
-This video by [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond Money](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA), illustrates how it is currently possible to go beyond money, and to build a democratically planned, labor-time based economy **for human needs, rather than private profit.**
+This video by [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond Money](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA), illustrates how it is currently possible to go beyond money, and to build a democratically planned, labor-time based economy **for human needs, rather than private profit.**
 
 ## Risk
 
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ The socialist argument is not that individual passive investors should still bea
 
 Socialists view democracy under capitalism to be impossible. Most current-day systems are better labeled as [Bourgeois Democracy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_in_Marxism), or democracy for the rich **only**, which socialists contrast with proletarian democracy. Under capitalism, political parties, representatives, infrastructure, and the media **are controlled by capitalists**, who place restrictions on the choices given to workers, limit their representative options to vetted capitalist puppets, and limit the [scope of public debate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overton_window) to pro-capitalist views.
 
-[Bourgeois democracies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_democracy#Dictatorship_of_the_bourgeoisie) are in reality [Capitalist Dictatorships](https://i.imgur.com/8vDYw17.jpg), resulting in legislation favorable to the wealthy, regardless of the population's actual preferences. [The Princeton Study, conducted in the US in 2014](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tu32CCA_Ig), found that the preferences of the average US citizen exert a near-zero influence on legislation, making the US system of elections and campaigning little more than political theater. **Multi-party, Parliamentary / representative democracy has proven to be the safest shell for capitalist rule**, regardless of voting methods or differing political structures, for countries as diverse as Australia, Japan, Sweden, the UK, the US, South Korea, or Brazil.
+[Bourgeois democracies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberal_democracy#Dictatorship_of_the_bourgeoisie) are in reality [Capitalist Dictatorships](https://i.imgur.com/8vDYw17.jpg), resulting in legislation favorable to the wealthy, regardless of the population's actual preferences. [The Princeton Study, conducted in the US in 2014](https://youtube.com/watch?v=5tu32CCA_Ig), found that the preferences of the average US citizen exert a near-zero influence on legislation, making the US system of elections and campaigning little more than political theater. **Multi-party, Parliamentary / representative democracy has proven to be the safest shell for capitalist rule**, regardless of voting methods or differing political structures, for countries as diverse as Australia, Japan, Sweden, the UK, the US, South Korea, or Brazil.
 
-Ancient Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle more accurately defined Democracy as [rule by the poor](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHN0foV4Ntk), and they considered states based on elections to be anti-democratic Aristocracies, since only the wealthy and ruling families have the resources to finance elections. They contrasted this with [random selection / sortition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortition), and citizen's assemblies, as being the defining features of democracy, both of which are non-existent in the countries listed above. Today, liberal / parliamentary "democracies" are [dominated by wealthy candidates, and entrenched political families](https://www.quora.com/What-kind-of-democracy-does-the-China-have/answers/81676052?share=0ac8c628&srid=JMzz), with Capitalists standing **above** political power.
+Ancient Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristotle more accurately defined Democracy as [rule by the poor](https://youtube.com/watch?v=bHN0foV4Ntk), and they considered states based on elections to be anti-democratic Aristocracies, since only the wealthy and ruling families have the resources to finance elections. They contrasted this with [random selection / sortition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortition), and citizen's assemblies, as being the defining features of democracy, both of which are non-existent in the countries listed above. Today, liberal / parliamentary "democracies" are [dominated by wealthy candidates, and entrenched political families](https://www.quora.com/What-kind-of-democracy-does-the-China-have/answers/81676052?share=0ac8c628&srid=JMzz), with Capitalists standing **above** political power.
 
 This system of sham elections acts as a distracting theatre piece, giving the illusion of democracy, whilst in reality it serves to platform capitalist views, make them appear more popular than they are, and manufacture consent for the system itself.
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ Communists propose building alternatives alongside of bourgeois democracy, with
 - Replacement of bourgeois parliamentary bodies with broadly inclusive workers organizations, such as unions, councils, or syndicates.
 - Seizing land, productive facilities, and housing and putting them under democratic control.
 - Elimination of all debts, suppression of all private banks and stock markets.
-- Direct democracy in as many decisions as possible, often called [cyber communism](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
+- Direct democracy in as many decisions as possible, often called [cyber communism](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
 - A democratically planned economy for human needs, with open participation.
 - Low-level workplace democracy.
 - Elimination of the standing army, and the substitution for it of armed workers.
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ The extra, unemployed workers make up a [reserve army of labor](https://en.wikip
 
 Since workers have less money to survive, there is a [tendency for the rate of profit to fall](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tendency_of_the_rate_of_profit_to_fall), and capitalists fight and wage wars over the decreasing surplus. [Late stage capitalism](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/top/) refers to the extreme polarization of the two classes, the increasingly absurd and cruel ways our society copes and justifies such stark inequality, and the horrible things capitalism forces people to do to survive.
 
-As the supply of labor outstrips the demand, it becomes cheaper to employ workers rather than to sink startup costs into innovative technology. Soon, **the technological growth rate grinds to a halt** ([as of 2018 technological growth in Europe has slowed to ~1-2% per year](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTl4b0w6mpk)), just as in ancient Rome, inexpensive slave labor lead to stagnant technological progress.
+As the supply of labor outstrips the demand, it becomes cheaper to employ workers rather than to sink startup costs into innovative technology. Soon, **the technological growth rate grinds to a halt** ([as of 2018 technological growth in Europe has slowed to ~1-2% per year](https://youtube.com/watch?v=kTl4b0w6mpk)), just as in ancient Rome, inexpensive slave labor lead to stagnant technological progress.
 
 In actuality, **capitalism is highly unstable**, made up of a series of crises, economic bubbles, booms, and eventual busts, termed [business cycles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_cycle), that occur every few years with varying intensity, but with most of the resulting burden shifted to workers. The capitalist state often intervenes to prop up failing businesses, and bail out members of its own class.
 
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ Many of the largest corporations in the US, [openly bankroll police departments]
 
 ## The State, and Revolution
 
-Private ownership of the means of production was established through force and [private tyranny](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVt7U2YIgZs), and is only upheld through force. The state is a **special organization of force used for the suppression of one class by another** which (in capitalist society) exercises a monopoly on violence to forcibly maintain the right to private property. The modern state developed alongside the emergent capitalist system as the bourgeoisie seized political and economic control. It arises from the irreconcilable class antagonisms that exist in society.
+Private ownership of the means of production was established through force and [private tyranny](https://youtube.com/watch?v=FVt7U2YIgZs), and is only upheld through force. The state is a **special organization of force used for the suppression of one class by another** which (in capitalist society) exercises a monopoly on violence to forcibly maintain the right to private property. The modern state developed alongside the emergent capitalist system as the bourgeoisie seized political and economic control. It arises from the irreconcilable class antagonisms that exist in society.
 
 The State, under capitalist society, which protects private property and upholds the capitalist mode of production, is an instrument wielded by the bourgeoisie to _suppress the proletariat_. **So long as there are classes in society, a State (or any organization that uses force in the interests of a class) must exist.**
 
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ Socialism as an economic system is distinct from [neoliberalism](https://en.wiki
 
 ## The Communist Legacy
 
-Some Marxists say the regimes typically called socialist are more correctly defined as [State Capitalist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_capitalism), since production was controlled by state bureaucracies who also distributed the surplus, rather than through the democratic input of workers. Other Marxists call them _siege socialist_, contrasting it with _pure socialism_, stating that siege socialism is a natural reaction to the external pressures of capitalist encirclement, and that _pure socialism_ is an ideal which is [ahistorical and nonfalsifiable.](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/) The US for example, has been involved in [militarily crushing nearly every socialist attempt](us_atrocities.md) for the last 80 years, and installing right-wing fascist dictatorships (friendly to US interests) in their place. Needless to say, **capitalist encirclement has a profoundly distorting affect** on the building of socialism; very few attempts have survived US interventionism. [This talk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY&feature=youtu.be) by Micheal Parenti is a good reflection on the soviet experiment.
+Some Marxists say the regimes typically called socialist are more correctly defined as [State Capitalist](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_capitalism), since production was controlled by state bureaucracies who also distributed the surplus, rather than through the democratic input of workers. Other Marxists call them _siege socialist_, contrasting it with _pure socialism_, stating that siege socialism is a natural reaction to the external pressures of capitalist encirclement, and that _pure socialism_ is an ideal which is [ahistorical and nonfalsifiable.](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/) The US for example, has been involved in [militarily crushing nearly every socialist attempt](us_atrocities.md) for the last 80 years, and installing right-wing fascist dictatorships (friendly to US interests) in their place. Needless to say, **capitalist encirclement has a profoundly distorting affect** on the building of socialism; very few attempts have survived US interventionism. [This talk](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY) by Micheal Parenti is a good reflection on the soviet experiment.
 
 The early stages of the [1917 Russian Revolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Revolution) were far more progressive than is typically portrayed; Divorce was legalized, **Homosexuality was decriminalized**, land was distributed to the peasantry, banks were nationalized, control of factories was given to worker's councils, **the workday was shortened**, wages were fixed at a higher rate, all elected officials could now be immediately recalled; it created mass literacy drives, free nurseries, communal kitchens, and laundries. 14 Western nations (including the US) [sent troops to Russia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_intervention_in_the_Russian_Civil_War) to fight against the gains of the revolution.
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ Even if we were to fully accept the Western propaganda that socialist regimes ha
 
 Communism is the highest developed stage of socialism wherein there is no state, no money, no class system. The means of production are owned by all and provide for everyone's needs. There are also presumably high levels of automation so [most do not have to work](http://imgur.com/yQpzb).
 
-Many socialists point to [directly democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_democracy) [worker’s councils](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workers'_council) as an ideal way to organize production, with [gift economies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gift_economy) for abundant goods, and [labor voucher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_voucher) economies for scarce/luxury goods. Here is an example of a [moneyless, Cyber-Communist system](paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md), [video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
+Many socialists point to [directly democratic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_democracy) [worker’s councils](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workers'_council) as an ideal way to organize production, with [gift economies](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gift_economy) for abundant goods, and [labor voucher](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_voucher) economies for scarce/luxury goods. Here is an example of a [moneyless, Cyber-Communist system](paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md), [video](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA).
 
 Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_commune), [Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia), [USSR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union), [People's Republic of China](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China), [Socialist Republic of Vietnam](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam), [Laos](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos), [Belarussian SSR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic), [Peoples socialist republic of Albania](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania), [Peoples republic of Bulgaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria), the [GDR](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Democratic_Republic), [Hungary](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic), the [Democratic people's republic of Korea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Republic_of_Korea), [Mongolian people's republic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic), and [Cuba](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuba).
 
@@ -287,22 +287,22 @@ Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wi
 
 ## Videos
 
-- [Introduction to Marxism by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9Whccunka4)
-- [Socialism for Dummies by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysZC0JOYYWw)
-- [Michael Parenti - Reflections on the overthrow of the Soviet Union](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY)
-- [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond Money (how cyber communism can work)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA)
-- [Michael Parenti on US imperialism, and the overthrow of Yugoslavia](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ApaMIJiOt-c)
-- [Michael Parenti on anti-sovietism in the US media](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FUWrgLpazwE)
-- [Michael Parenti on Imperialism and Film - Rambo and the Swarthy Hordes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S33DKRcqvkQ)
-- [Karl Marx and Marxism - BBC documentary by Stuart Hall](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8bdndigRA8)
-- [Dr Gabor Maté - Why Capitalism Makes Us Sick](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AaAJQR_9Dg8)
+- [Introduction to Marxism by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://youtube.com/watch?v=T9Whccunka4)
+- [Socialism for Dummies by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ysZC0JOYYWw)
+- [Michael Parenti - Reflections on the overthrow of the Soviet Union](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY)
+- [Paul Cockshott - Going beyond Money (how cyber communism can work)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA)
+- [Michael Parenti on US imperialism, and the overthrow of Yugoslavia](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ApaMIJiOt-c)
+- [Michael Parenti on anti-sovietism in the US media](https://youtube.com/watch?v=FUWrgLpazwE)
+- [Michael Parenti on Imperialism and Film - Rambo and the Swarthy Hordes](https://youtube.com/watch?v=S33DKRcqvkQ)
+- [Karl Marx and Marxism - BBC documentary by Stuart Hall](https://youtube.com/watch?v=m8bdndigRA8)
+- [Dr Gabor Maté - Why Capitalism Makes Us Sick](https://youtube.com/watch?v=AaAJQR_9Dg8)
 - [Vijay Prashad - Military power, and the American Empire in decline.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=hTb2uVIWG5Q)
-- [The Philosophy of Antifa (Philosophy Tube)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgwS_FMZ3nQ)
-- [3 minute intro to Marxism](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vz3eOb6Yl1s)
-- [10 minute intro to Karl Marx](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSQgCy_iIcc)
-- [10 minute intro to Capitalism by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YMdIgGOYKhs)
-- [Introduction to Anarchism by Noam Chomsky](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_Bv2MKY7uI), [#1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUzquEya6Lw), [#2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_FHNMZbnvYU)
-- [Chomsky on american or right-libertarianism](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVt7U2YIgZs)
+- [The Philosophy of Antifa (Philosophy Tube)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=bgwS_FMZ3nQ)
+- [3 minute intro to Marxism](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Vz3eOb6Yl1s)
+- [10 minute intro to Karl Marx](https://youtube.com/watch?v=fSQgCy_iIcc)
+- [10 minute intro to Capitalism by Professor Richard D. Wolff](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YMdIgGOYKhs)
+- [Introduction to Anarchism by Noam Chomsky](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7_Bv2MKY7uI), [#1](https://youtube.com/watch?v=RUzquEya6Lw), [#2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=_FHNMZbnvYU)
+- [Chomsky on american or right-libertarianism](https://youtube.com/watch?v=FVt7U2YIgZs)
 
 ## Literature
 
@@ -311,15 +311,15 @@ Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wi
 ### Audiobooks
 
 - [Dessalines List of Audiobooks](audiobooks.md) (Many of the books and articles above are here)
-- [Dessalines Youtube Channel w/ Audiobooks](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7HJWIFGGeMiJi2h3k18CrQ)
+- [Dessalines Youtube Channel w/ Audiobooks](https://youtube.com/channel/UC7HJWIFGGeMiJi2h3k18CrQ)
 
 ### Modern introductory books
 
 - [Introductory books](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:6980fde654f217ec9c81b30eab1ca3a13bbbca1e&dn=Socialist+books+starter+pack)
 - [Paul D’Amatto - the meaning of Marxism](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:24c9a942f97f99c1816a344292b7baff5f289986&dn=The+Meaning+of+Marxism+-+Paul+D%27Amato.epub)
 - [Danny Katch - Socialism…. Seriously](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:1565682421ff7082fdad461266ab9e403fb50cfc)
-- [Chris Harman - How Marxism Works](https://www.marxists.org/archive/harman/1979/marxism/index.html). [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob9lPqBGAyQAX6lhxm5fE_d)
-- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE)
+- [Chris Harman - How Marxism Works](https://www.marxists.org/archive/harman/1979/marxism/index.html). [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob9lPqBGAyQAX6lhxm5fE_d)
+- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE)
 - [Peter Gelderloos - How Nonviolence Protects the State](https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-how-nonviolence-protects-the-state)
 - [Socialist books starter pack (torrent)](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:6980fde654f217ec9c81b30eab1ca3a13bbbca1e&dn=Socialist+books+starter+pack)
 
@@ -330,32 +330,32 @@ Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wi
 - [Lenin - The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm)
 - [Lenin - A liberal professor on Equality](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1914/mar/11.htm)
 - [Eugene Debs - Capitalism and Socialism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/debs/works/1912/1912-capsoc.htm)
-- [Stephen Gowans - Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
-- Why do many socialist attempts end up in an one-party state? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY&feature=youtu.be), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
-- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them.](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
+- [Stephen Gowans - Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
+- Why do many socialist attempts end up in an one-party state? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
+- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them.](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
 
 ### Marxist literature
 
-- [Engels - Socialism: Utopian and Scientific](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8)
+- [Engels - Socialism: Utopian and Scientific](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8)
 - [Marx/Engels - The Communist Manifesto](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/)
 - [Marx - Wage Labour and Capital](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/)
-- [Rosa Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm) . [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs)
-- [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/). [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC)
-- [Lenin - “Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) . [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wtRQaoSlxs&list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m)
+- [Rosa Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm) . [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs)
+- [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/). [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC)
+- [Lenin - “Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) . [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=6wtRQaoSlxs&list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m)
 - [Lenin - Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/)
 - [Trotsky - Fascism: What it is and how to Fight it](https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1944/1944-fas.htm)
-- [Silvia Federici - Caliban and the Witch [audiobook]](https://m.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjobK8JtYpzxIJH-BUjQDv9xm)
+- [Silvia Federici - Caliban and the Witch [audiobook]](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjobK8JtYpzxIJH-BUjQDv9xm)
 
 ### Marxian economics
 
-- [Cockshott and Cottrell - Towards a New Socialism](https://users.wfu.edu/cottrell/socialism_book/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx)
+- [Cockshott and Cottrell - Towards a New Socialism](https://users.wfu.edu/cottrell/socialism_book/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx)
 
 ### History books
 
 - [J. Sakai - Settlers: the Mythology of the White Proletariat](http://readsettlers.org/text-index.html), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZEICtu8cocz_3oRFS6L7wN)
 - [Howard Zinn - A Peoples History of the United States](http://www.historyisaweapon.com/zinnapeopleshistory.html)
 - [Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz - An indigenous peoples history of the US. ](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:1ae24bda86bd23da6edad32568ad5ff574663f88&dn=Roxanne%20Dunbar-Ortiz%20-%20An%20Indigenous%20Peoples'%20History%20of%20the%20United%20States.mp3)
-- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE)
+- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE)
 - Michael Parenti - Inventing Reality. [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob0rkb9-tZlCvHAKse_HtF6)
 - [Parenti - Inventing Reality: A critique of US media](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:e6c5eaf8b2844984394ac9901c0e563785ba4bb2&dn=Michael%20Parenti%20-%20Inventing%20Reality%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
 - [Eduardo Galeano - Open Veins of Latin America](https://www.amazon.com/Open-Veins-Latin-America-Centuries/dp/0853459916/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1485894404&sr=8-1&keywords=open+veins+of+latin+america)
@@ -406,25 +406,25 @@ Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wi
 
 ## Documentaries
 
-- [Seeing Red](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhmGVnHxtf0)
-- [Tsar to Lenin](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3hWg3_CLGc)
-- [Fidel - The untold story (Cuban Revolution)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2Obp6YS4SY)
-- [How Yukong moved the mountains (Chinese Revolution)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLN-jRZRPrc&list=PLMt0ncvnKoz3ar_f78qBeA29-0kwrsXvT)
-- [Malcolm X - Make it Plain](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3zIGNkR62Mo)
-- [The Upright Man (Thomas Sankara)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7Vlt41HPUE)
-- [Grenada - Future coming Towards Us](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7z-AxNFx88o)
-- [Paul Robeson - Here I Stand](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUki-v-NvoE)
-- [Black gods with guns - Robert F Williams and Black Power](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DxqK6eqwwLc)
+- [Seeing Red](https://youtube.com/watch?v=nhmGVnHxtf0)
+- [Tsar to Lenin](https://youtube.com/watch?v=k3hWg3_CLGc)
+- [Fidel - The untold story (Cuban Revolution)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=P2Obp6YS4SY)
+- [How Yukong moved the mountains (Chinese Revolution)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=zLN-jRZRPrc&list=PLMt0ncvnKoz3ar_f78qBeA29-0kwrsXvT)
+- [Malcolm X - Make it Plain](https://youtube.com/watch?v=3zIGNkR62Mo)
+- [The Upright Man (Thomas Sankara)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=G7Vlt41HPUE)
+- [Grenada - Future coming Towards Us](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7z-AxNFx88o)
+- [Paul Robeson - Here I Stand](https://youtube.com/watch?v=BUki-v-NvoE)
+- [Black gods with guns - Robert F Williams and Black Power](https://youtube.com/watch?v=DxqK6eqwwLc)
 - [The Act of Killing - Communist purging in Indonesia](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:e5be6accaffca538de67cfacad28b6514ff1f889)
-- [Lenin - old British Documentary](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGE6T3SRNAs)
+- [Lenin - old British Documentary](https://youtube.com/watch?v=iGE6T3SRNAs)
 - [Oliver Stone - Untold History of the US](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:0c9e61eae5abb0618f09de1fc81e4d74031a6c47)
-- [Soviet Storm - WW2 in the East](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhXKlYnSWjA&app=desktop)
-- [Red ant dream](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVvThDX4bbQ)
-- [The Murder of Fred Hampton](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6-JVliecLo)
-- [The Revolution will not be televised (Chavez and Venezuela)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Id--ZFtjR5c)
+- [Soviet Storm - WW2 in the East](https://youtube.com/watch?v=JhXKlYnSWjA)
+- [Red ant dream](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cVvThDX4bbQ)
+- [The Murder of Fred Hampton](https://youtube.com/watch?v=B6-JVliecLo)
+- [The Revolution will not be televised (Chavez and Venezuela)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Id--ZFtjR5c)
 - [A place called Chiapas (EZLN)](https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0145394/?ref_=ttls_li_tt)
-- [Loyal Citizens of Pyongyang in Seoul (서울의 평양 시민들)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktE_3PrJZO0)
-- [The Haircut - A North Korean Adventure](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2BO83Ig-E8E)
+- [Loyal Citizens of Pyongyang in Seoul (서울의 평양 시민들)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ktE_3PrJZO0)
+- [The Haircut - A North Korean Adventure](https://youtube.com/watch?v=2BO83Ig-E8E)
 - [Weight of Chains - The overthrow of Yugoslavia.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Weight_of_Chains)
 - [Coup 53](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_53)
 
@@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ Past and present socialist societies include - The [Paris Commune](https://en.wi
 ## Channels
 
 - [Comrade Hakim](https://youtube.com/channel/UCPPZoYsfoSekIpLcz9plX1Q)
-- [Empire Files](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCG29FnXZm4F5U8xpqs1cs1Q)
+- [Empire Files](https://youtube.com/channel/UCG29FnXZm4F5U8xpqs1cs1Q)
 - [Paul Cockshott](https://youtube.com/channel/UCVBfIU1_zO-P_R9keEGdDHQ)
 - [Richard Wolff - Democracy at Work](https://www.democracyatwork.info/)
 - Vijay Prashad
diff --git a/dessalines_marxism_study_plan.md b/dessalines_marxism_study_plan.md
index 3ae2467..dd3f4e6 100644
--- a/dessalines_marxism_study_plan.md
+++ b/dessalines_marxism_study_plan.md
@@ -6,20 +6,20 @@ This isn't a comprehensive list: these are the ones I wish I could go back in ti
 
 It alternates between theory, history, and psychology.
 
-- [Engels - Principles of Communism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&t=14s) A glossary of terms to get us all on the same page.
+- [Engels - Principles of Communism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/11/prin-com.htm) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&t=14s) A glossary of terms to get us all on the same page.
 - [Lenin - The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm). The best short essay introduction to Marxism.
-- [Engels - Socialism: Utopian and Scientific](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8) Simply the best primer on scientific socialism written by one of its founders. Starts from its historical foundations, to its theoretical underpinnings.
+- [Engels - Socialism: Utopian and Scientific](http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/index.htm), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=IS4cpvvLeYo&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8) Simply the best primer on scientific socialism written by one of its founders. Starts from its historical foundations, to its theoretical underpinnings.
 - [The Communist Manifesto](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto). Much less informative, and not as mature a work as Socialism, Utopian and scientific, but should still be read. Captures the energy and urgency of the communist movement.
-- (Optional) [Paul D’Amatto - the meaning of Marxism](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:24c9a942f97f99c1816a344292b7baff5f289986&dn=The+Meaning+of+Marxism+-+Paul+D%27Amato.epub). [Youtube audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mX9h_ApIRc0&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaJXdItsv-JPqE7gBW2M80o). A modern introduction to Marxism, only read if you have been having trouble understanding concepts.
-- (Optional) [Chris Harman - How Marxism Works](https://www.marxists.org/archive/harman/1979/marxism/index.html). [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob9lPqBGAyQAX6lhxm5fE_d) Another shorter modern introduction to Marxism: read this if you've been having any trouble.
-- [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/). [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC). The most important political work of the 20th century. Through a clarifying and critical analysis of Marx and Engels's thoughts on the state, Lenin explains the class nature of the state, and argues convincingly for the creation of proletarian states: the vehicle which can bring about socialism. This strategy and analysis would be adopted and sucessfully carried out in dozens of countries following this blueprint. Focuses on the most important question for all socialists: What is to be done?
-- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE). Brandolini's law: It takes 10x the amount of energy required to refute bullshit, than it does to produce it... IE, it's far easier to learn theory, than it is to undo a lifetime of anti-communist propaganda. This book explains _why_ that cradle-to-grave anti-communist indoctrination process exists (from school to workplace to media), and why the mere existence of communist countries is so threatening to the wealthy. It gives an overview of the soviet experiment: what it achieved for humanity, the history of its anti-fascist struggle, and its struggle for human equality, and how its overthrow, and how the US entrenchment of neoliberal globalization and neo-colonialism has wrought destruction in the global south.
-- [Stephen Gowans - Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8) A great essay to accompany the previous book, about the tremendous success of the soviet planned economy, and the real reasons for the USSR's downfall.
+- (Optional) [Paul D’Amatto - the meaning of Marxism](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:24c9a942f97f99c1816a344292b7baff5f289986&dn=The+Meaning+of+Marxism+-+Paul+D%27Amato.epub). [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mX9h_ApIRc0&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaJXdItsv-JPqE7gBW2M80o). A modern introduction to Marxism, only read if you have been having trouble understanding concepts.
+- (Optional) [Chris Harman - How Marxism Works](https://www.marxists.org/archive/harman/1979/marxism/index.html). [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob9lPqBGAyQAX6lhxm5fE_d) Another shorter modern introduction to Marxism: read this if you've been having any trouble.
+- [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/). [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC). The most important political work of the 20th century. Through a clarifying and critical analysis of Marx and Engels's thoughts on the state, Lenin explains the class nature of the state, and argues convincingly for the creation of proletarian states: the vehicle which can bring about socialism. This strategy and analysis would be adopted and sucessfully carried out in dozens of countries following this blueprint. Focuses on the most important question for all socialists: What is to be done?
+- Michael Parenti - Blackshirts and Reds. [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoak57jcXDh1rY4n7Ic-EVsE). Brandolini's law: It takes 10x the amount of energy required to refute bullshit, than it does to produce it... IE, it's far easier to learn theory, than it is to undo a lifetime of anti-communist propaganda. This book explains _why_ that cradle-to-grave anti-communist indoctrination process exists (from school to workplace to media), and why the mere existence of communist countries is so threatening to the wealthy. It gives an overview of the soviet experiment: what it achieved for humanity, the history of its anti-fascist struggle, and its struggle for human equality, and how its overthrow, and how the US entrenchment of neoliberal globalization and neo-colonialism has wrought destruction in the global south.
+- [Stephen Gowans - Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8) A great essay to accompany the previous book, about the tremendous success of the soviet planned economy, and the real reasons for the USSR's downfall.
 - [Marx - Critique of the Gotha Programme](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/Marx_Critque_of_the_Gotha_Programme.pdf) An invaluable essay from Marx dissecting a weak socialist party program, where Marx also outlines the transition from capitalism to communism, as well as a description of how a labor-time based economy can function.
-- [Rosa Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm) . [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs). Why electoralism will not save us, and revolution is the only way forward.
-- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them.](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK) A great essay to go with the previous book.
+- [Rosa Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](http://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/index.htm) . [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs). Why electoralism will not save us, and revolution is the only way forward.
+- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them.](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK) A great essay to go with the previous book.
 - [Kwame Nkrumah - The Mechanisms of Neo-colonialism.](https://www.marxists.org/subject/africa/nkrumah/neo-colonialism/ch01.htm) Essay describing how neocolonialism and US "aid" impoverishes Africa.
-- [Ward Wilson - The bomb didn't beat Japan, Stalin did.](http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/30/the-bomb-didnt-beat-japan-stalin-did/) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaLP3G2HGj-O5JTepm0Kjt-). Essay on the mythology around the US use of atom bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
+- [Ward Wilson - The bomb didn't beat Japan, Stalin did.](http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/30/the-bomb-didnt-beat-japan-stalin-did/) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaLP3G2HGj-O5JTepm0Kjt-). Essay on the mythology around the US use of atom bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
 - (Optional) [Zinn - A people's history of the US.](https://www.amazon.com/Peoples-History-United-States/dp/0060838655) A good beginner US history book, looks at US history from the lens of its most oppressed populations. The chapters on the US constitution and civil wars are excellent.
 - [Fidel Castro - My Life](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Life_(Fidel_Castro_autobiography)>) (Audiobook on torrents). This book will get you into the mindset of what it means to be a socialist: to rebel, to teach, to be a good comrade, and to fight for the betterment of humanity. Castro was an active part of many of the most important events of the 20th century; but not only is his wisdom on these events invaluable, his life was truly extraordinary. You will learn hundreds of lessons from communist grandpa reading this book.
 - Michael Parenti - Inventing Reality. [Youtube audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob0rkb9-tZlCvHAKse_HtF6). A great expose of US / western media, examining the tactics employed by a small number of capitalist media companies to indoctrinate the population, backed up by comprehensive historical examples.
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ It alternates between theory, history, and psychology.
 - [Marx - Wage Labour and Capital](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/) A great primer to read before diving into Capital.
 - [Silvia Federici - Caliban and the Witch [audiobook]](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5235321931784e4cfb9efef3138b605164026ed9&dn=Silvia%20Federici%20-%20Caliban%20and%20the%20Witch%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines) An in-depth account of the transition from feudalism to capitalism in Europe and the new world, and how the capitalist class strategized how to control not only production, but _social reproduction_. The bodies of women themselves became commodities, in order to control population rates, quell social revolts, and take advantage of free domestic labor in the home, via a campaign of terror: the witch-hunt.
 - [Walter Rodney - How Europe Underdeveloped Africa.](https://www.amazon.com/Europe-Underdeveloped-Africa-Walter-Rodney/dp/0882580965) [Audiobook](https://1337x.to/torrent/4632155/Walter-Rodney-How-Europe-Underdeveloped-Africa-audiobook-audible/) An excellent overview on the colonial subjugation of Africa by Europe.
-- [Lenin - “Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) . [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wtRQaoSlxs&list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m). An invaluable work on tactics and theory.
+- [Lenin - “Left-Wing” Communism: an Infantile Disorder](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) . [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=6wtRQaoSlxs&list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m). An invaluable work on tactics and theory.
 - [Witchcraft - Class struggle and women's liberation in the middle ages.](https://www.cvltnation.com/rebellion-of-the-damned-witchcraft-as-social-revolt-in-early-modern-france/) An extremely interesting essay on the connections betweeen witchcraft, devil worship, women's oppression, and class struggle in the middle ages in France.
 - [William Blum - Killing Hope.](https://www.amazon.com/Killing-Hope-C-I-Interventions-II-Updated/dp/1567512526) A history of US imperialism since WW2.
 - [George Jackson - Blood in my eye](https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/489637.Blood_in_My_Eye).
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ It alternates between theory, history, and psychology.
 - [Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz - An indigenous people's history of the US.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Indigenous_Peoples%27_History_of_the_United_States). A detailed and heart-wrenching history of the genocide, conquest, and settler colonialism perpetrated against native peoples in the US, and the theory and perfection of the US's settler colonialist strategies.
 - [Lenin - Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1916/imp-hsc/) A look at imperialism, the modern stage of capitalism, and the primary contradiction. Reads like it was written yesterday.
 - [Marx - Capital](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/index.htm). Best read in short snippets, as its a hefty work, but invaluable to understanding the inner-working of capitalism. Best to follow along with youtube lectures.
-- [Huey P. Newton - Revolutionary Suicide](https://www.amazon.com/Revolutionary-Suicide-Penguin-Classics-Deluxe/dp/0143105329) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoY5hw0QrK3SLRMHBE2aIpXf). An autobiography from one of the greatest US socialists. Hundreds of lessons.
+- [Huey P. Newton - Revolutionary Suicide](https://www.amazon.com/Revolutionary-Suicide-Penguin-Classics-Deluxe/dp/0143105329) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoY5hw0QrK3SLRMHBE2aIpXf). An autobiography from one of the greatest US socialists. Hundreds of lessons.
 - [Joshua Bloom - Black Against Empire](https://www.amazon.com/Black-against-Empire-Politics-Foundation/dp/0520293282/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1485894343&sr=8-1&keywords=black+against+empire) An accompanying book about the history of the Black Panthers and their suppression by the US police state.
 - [Stalin - The foundations of Leninism.](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/foundations-leninism/index.htm) An invaluable text on what Marxism-Leninism adds to the Marxist tradition.
 - [Zak Cope - Divided world divided class.](https://www.amazon.com/Divided-World-Class-Stratification-Capitalism-ebook/dp/B00SE3V9GY) A look at the imperialist division of the world, and modern class politics of the imperial-core labor aristocracy.
-- [Cockshott and Cottrell - Towards a New Socialism (pdf)](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/%7Ecottrell/socialism_book/new_socialism.pdf) [epub](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/TNS.epub) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx) Many books talk about what communists are against: this book is about what we're for: it outlines how we can use modern technology to go beyond money, and implement a planned economy based on human labor time.
+- [Cockshott and Cottrell - Towards a New Socialism (pdf)](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/%7Ecottrell/socialism_book/new_socialism.pdf) [epub](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/TNS.epub) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx) Many books talk about what communists are against: this book is about what we're for: it outlines how we can use modern technology to go beyond money, and implement a planned economy based on human labor time.
 - [CLR James - The Black Jacobins](http://www.ouleft.org/wp-content/uploads/CLR_James_The_Black_Jacobins.pdf) [Audiobook](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:d205972f1200de9670514679710cd3da3a3c2774&dn=The%20Black%20Jacobins%20Toussaint%20L%27Ouverture%20and%20the%20San%20Domingo%20Revolution%20-%20C.L.R.%20James). A story of the only successful slave revolt in world history, that occurred in Haiti in the late 1700s.
 - [Liu Shaoqi - How to be a good communist](https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/liu-shaoqi/1939/how-to-be/ch01.htm) [Audiobook](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:769761479ac1c16073df01b276ed4b2909f2649d&dn=Liu%20Shaoqi%20-%20How%20to%20Be%20a%20Good%20Communist%20[audiobook]%20by%20dessalines) An excellent essay on its title: how to be a good comrade, be a righteous fighter for the party and humanity, while avoiding the extremes of "left" and "right" deviationism.
 - [John Smith - Imperialism in the 21st century.](https://www.amazon.com/Imperialism-Twenty-First-Century-Globalization-Super-Exploitation/dp/1583675779) An update to Lenin's imperialism, this is an advanced level book that shows how imperialism functions in the era of neoliberal globalization and transnational corporations.
diff --git a/how_to_torrent.md b/how_to_torrent.md
index 6bd19e7..36ffbd6 100644
--- a/how_to_torrent.md
+++ b/how_to_torrent.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# [How to torrent](https://youtu.be/ScDCIQI1LLI)
+# [How to torrent](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ScDCIQI1LLI)
 
 ## Why Bittorrent?
 
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 - ISPs watch what you download.
 - Hides your traffic from your ISP.
-- Protects you using [tunneling and encryption](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yB1KiboEWC4).
+- Protects you using [tunneling and encryption](https://youtube.com/watch?v=yB1KiboEWC4).
 
 ## Find a Torrent Client
 
diff --git a/mandarin_guide.md b/mandarin_guide.md
index d8a6dc0..d2b041c 100644
--- a/mandarin_guide.md
+++ b/mandarin_guide.md
@@ -14,11 +14,11 @@
 
 ## To Watch
 
-- https://youtu.be/dpQ3IMd4AMg?list=PLwFUKjRMEUxw2IRsDA8GZGW1AZdgCoiAA
-- https://youtu.be/q2hrlAGewvY
-- https://youtu.be/Ng3UC894haQ
-- https://youtu.be/qrXIeWGvHDg?list=PLrYgra2FrMh-fQrd59Gdqn9Jq9ZLTqfJc
-- https://youtu.be/mfBwNIjMbss?list=PL7VdqFXO0Lzdu2U1q-_vZxcuWyqJEitZV
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=dpQ3IMd4AMg?list=PLwFUKjRMEUxw2IRsDA8GZGW1AZdgCoiAA
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=q2hrlAGewvY
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=Ng3UC894haQ
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=qrXIeWGvHDg?list=PLrYgra2FrMh-fQrd59Gdqn9Jq9ZLTqfJc
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=mfBwNIjMbss?list=PL7VdqFXO0Lzdu2U1q-_vZxcuWyqJEitZV
 
 ## Immersion resources
 
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@
 
 ## Listening / Watching
 
-- [HIT Chinese (comprehensible input)](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCv33mxPEDfd_Ee1pz1y8KLw)
-- [Unconventional Chinese with Keren](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxqLWT3swHvP9_4bv7Qssxw)
-- [Slow and clear Chinese](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCdwdSGQsSbcapDmODtOr58g)
-- [Shuo Shuo Chinese](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_Aiv9xguPQxZ6msnNoz3HQ)
-- [Xue Bai Lessons](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpuAQiIlxFe0FlR2gXXLUKA) (Comprehensive, but not liking so far)
+- [HIT Chinese (comprehensible input)](https://youtube.com/channel/UCv33mxPEDfd_Ee1pz1y8KLw)
+- [Unconventional Chinese with Keren](https://youtube.com/channel/UCxqLWT3swHvP9_4bv7Qssxw)
+- [Slow and clear Chinese](https://youtube.com/channel/UCdwdSGQsSbcapDmODtOr58g)
+- [Shuo Shuo Chinese](https://youtube.com/channel/UC_Aiv9xguPQxZ6msnNoz3HQ)
+- [Xue Bai Lessons](https://youtube.com/channel/UCpuAQiIlxFe0FlR2gXXLUKA) (Comprehensive, but not liking so far)
 
 ## Reading
 
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 ## Content
 
 - [CCTV live channels](https://tv.cctv.com/live/)
-- [Some Dramas](https://www.youtube.com/user/chinaonetv)
+- [Some Dramas](https://youtube.com/user/chinaonetv)
 
 ## Vocab
 
diff --git a/paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md b/paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md
index 78ebe96..93d06c6 100644
--- a/paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md
+++ b/paul_cockshott_cyber_communism.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Paul Cockshott - Cyber-Communism
 
-Taken from his book, [Towards a New Socialism](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/), [audiobook here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx), and specifically his youtube lectures [Going beyond Money](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA), and [Getting down to details](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTl4b0w6mpk).
+Taken from his book, [Towards a New Socialism](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/), [audiobook here](https://youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx), and specifically his youtube lectures [Going beyond Money](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cI01-5zhwdA), and [Getting down to details](https://youtube.com/watch?v=kTl4b0w6mpk).
 
 ## How it works
 
diff --git a/recipes/beer_brewing.md b/recipes/beer_brewing.md
index fdee0de..30fff95 100644
--- a/recipes/beer_brewing.md
+++ b/recipes/beer_brewing.md
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 ## Videos
 
-- [Homebrewing basics playlist](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJGQZwp3xofuwirWhdD2ks1Zf2cji0-rr&disable_polymer=true)
+- [Homebrewing basics playlist](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLJGQZwp3xofuwirWhdD2ks1Zf2cji0-rr)
 
 ## Instructions
 
diff --git a/recipes/bens_tek.md b/recipes/bens_tek.md
index 79b4c31..c8d5f4b 100644
--- a/recipes/bens_tek.md
+++ b/recipes/bens_tek.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Uncle Bens TEK
 
 - [Full shroomtek guide](https://www.reddit.com/r/unclebens/comments/el1da3/part_1_how_mushrooms_and_mycelium_grow/)
-- [Ready rice syringe inoculation](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1doXheZi-co)
-- [Inoculation day (twist tek)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaPEVc5rDos)
-- [Container fruiting](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qbb7Wuaw2D4)
-- [Spawn to bulk](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUPeTDlDow0&t=2577)
+- [Ready rice syringe inoculation](https://youtube.com/watch?v=1doXheZi-co)
+- [Inoculation day (twist tek)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=HaPEVc5rDos)
+- [Container fruiting](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Qbb7Wuaw2D4)
+- [Spawn to bulk](https://youtube.com/watch?v=VUPeTDlDow0&t=2577)
 - [Shoebox neglect tek](https://www.shroomery.org/forums/showflat.php/Number/26009662)
diff --git a/routines.md b/routines.md
index 720f089..7f587a8 100644
--- a/routines.md
+++ b/routines.md
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ For listening to books / podcasts, use [Smart Audiobook Player](https://play.goo
 
 ## Morning
 
-Inspired by [Andrew Huberman's optimal morning routine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gR_f-iwUGY4&), [Med school insiders routine.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ8JOsc3-wU), [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-ezOLT2Kv0), and [Ali Abdals's Sleep routine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K3eS4jr2pIo1).
+Inspired by [Andrew Huberman's optimal morning routine](https://youtube.com/watch?v=gR_f-iwUGY4&), [Med school insiders routine.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=LQ8JOsc3-wU), [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=t-ezOLT2Kv0), and [Ali Abdals's Sleep routine](https://youtube.com/watch?v=K3eS4jr2pIo).
 
 Try to keep the total time to under an hour, allocating more of the time to meditating or working out.
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Put on sunscreen. No need to clean / rinse face. Don't miss ears and neck.
 
 ### Stretch
 
-Do [Jeremy Ethiers routine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqcOCBb4arc), especially the thoracic rotations. Your neck and back will thank you.
+Do [Jeremy Ethiers routine](https://youtube.com/watch?v=RqcOCBb4arc), especially the thoracic rotations. Your neck and back will thank you.
 
 Stretch knees and ankles if necessary.
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ Don't soap your skin or face, only soap folds: your armpits, and crotch.
 
 The colder the shower, the faster you'll be.
 
-Do [Ali Abdals routine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrElyY7MFVs), or [Dr Dray's Routine](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G8q08kY3zqY). Rinse / use cleanser, then moisturizer, then retinol, then sun-tan lotion. Do any makeup you need to after.
+Do [Ali Abdals routine](https://youtube.com/watch?v=OrElyY7MFVs), or [Dr Dray's Routine](https://youtube.com/watch?v=G8q08kY3zqY). Rinse / use cleanser, then moisturizer, then retinol, then sun-tan lotion. Do any makeup you need to after.
 
 Put on deodorant after clothes.
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ Your willpower / energy to do daily tasks is like a tank, and needs to be replen
 
 ### When to eat
 
-Do IF (intermittent fasting). No, its [not bad for you... its good for your long-term health](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nJgHBbEgsE), and can help you lose or gain weight depending on your goal.
+Do IF (intermittent fasting). No, its [not bad for you... its good for your long-term health](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7nJgHBbEgsE), and can help you lose or gain weight depending on your goal.
 
 Start out with a **14-10** (14 hour fast, 10 hour eat), and work your way up to either a 20-4, or 22-2. Aim for eating one big meal a day, and snacking / eating whatever you want the rest of your window. I start eating at 4-5pm, and end at 8-9pm.
 
diff --git a/socialism_faq.md b/socialism_faq.md
index f4451e5..1eb93db 100644
--- a/socialism_faq.md
+++ b/socialism_faq.md
@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@
 ## Didn't communism fail? It works in theory but not in practice.
 
 - [Did Socialism work in the USSR, and didn't the fall of the USSR bring more prosperity to Russia? IE, how to respond to "Communism doesn't work."](capitalism_doesnt_work.md), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/ea6av0/how_to_respond_to_communism_doesnt_work/)
-- [Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
-- [Why, in your opinion, have most attempts to form countries based economically on communism and socialism (USSR, Cuba, China) fail?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1f8obt/honestly_not_trolling_why_in_your_opinion_have/)
+- [Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
+- [Why, in your opinion, have most attempts to form countries based economically on communism and socialism (USSR, Cuba, China) fail?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1f8obt/honestly_not_trolling_why_in_your_opinion_have/)
 - [Were people really going hungry / starving in the USSR?](https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/document/cia-rdp85t00313r000300140006-0)
-- [Why did the Soviet Union fail?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1zrroq/why_did_the_soviet_union_fail/)
+- [Why did the Soviet Union fail?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1zrroq/why_did_the_soviet_union_fail/)
 - [What about the gulags?](https://www.greanvillepost.com/2018/10/09/the-truth-about-the-soviet-gulag-surprisingly-revealed-by-the-cia/) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/9bem2d/what_were_the_gulags_according_to_self_identified/e52ls2e/) [3](https://espressostalinist.com/the-real-stalin-series/gulag/), [4](http://www.mariosousa.se/LiesconcerningthehistoryoftheSovietUnion.html), [5](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/ds8qk3/the_truth_about_the_gulags/f6obxuc/)
 - [Didn't the USSR kill millions of it citizens, with most people living in poverty and dying early?](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Soviet_Union#Life_expectancy_and_infant_mortality)
 - [What about Stalin, the purges, the holodomor, etc? A revleft podcast.](https://revolutionaryleftradio.libsyn.com/joseph-mother-fucking-stain)
@@ -130,50 +130,50 @@
 ## What about human nature?
 
 - [History and human nature.](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/crash_course_socialism.md#history-and-human-nature)
-- [What about human nature?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2yk3xl/what_about_human_nature_answer_but_add_yours_too/)
+- [What about human nature?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2yk3xl/what_about_human_nature_answer_but_add_yours_too/)
 - [Advertising is a cancer](http://jacek.zlydach.pl/blog/2019-07-31-ads-as-cancer.html), [audiobook](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:dd172e3af7a5f4cd626324f76a58c10f55d38bb6&dn=Jacek%20Zlydach%20-%20Advertising%20is%20a%20Cancer%20on%20Society%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
 
 ## Schools of thought
 
 - [Glossary of Socialism Terms.](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/glossary_of_socialist_terms.md)
-- [What are the different forms of Marxism and what are their differences?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/206xtz/what_are_the_different_forms_of_marxism_and_what/)
-- [Can someone give us a quick like-we're-five rundown of the distinctions between Trotskyism, Maoism, orthodox Marxism, and so on?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/132d5s/can_someone_give_us_a_quick_likewerefive_rundown/)
+- [What are the different forms of Marxism and what are their differences?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/206xtz/what_are_the_different_forms_of_marxism_and_what/)
+- [Can someone give us a quick like-we're-five rundown of the distinctions between Trotskyism, Maoism, orthodox Marxism, and so on?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/132d5s/can_someone_give_us_a_quick_likewerefive_rundown/)
 - [What's the difference between anarchism and communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/576t0d/im_an_anarchocommunist_leninise_me/)
-- [What's the difference in economic structure ( production and distribution) of anarchism, anarcho-communism, anarcho-syndicalism, and Marxist communism?](https://old.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9ak0wo/whats_the_difference_between_communism_and/e4w0v9n/)
-- [Parenti on Anarcho-Syndicalism / Worker-Coops](https://youtube.com/watch?v=WEkyW9GwbE8&local=1&nojs=0&player_style=youtube&quality=dash).
+- [What's the difference in economic structure ( production and distribution) of anarchism, anarcho-communism, anarcho-syndicalism, and Marxist communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9ak0wo/whats_the_difference_between_communism_and/e4w0v9n/)
+- [Parenti on Anarcho-Syndicalism / Worker-Coops](https://youtube.com/watch?v=WEkyW9GwbE8).
 - [Aimixin - Why Anarchism is fundamentally anti-socialist.](https://lemmygrad.ml/comment/187228)
 - [TheDashRendar - Where do tanks come from? How anarchists vs marxists wage warfare.](https://medium.com/@dashthered/where-do-tanks-come-from-8723ff77d83b)
-- [Comrade Hakim - On the difference betweeen "liberatarian" and "authoritarian" socialism.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6GM893c1X8s)
+- [Comrade Hakim - On the difference betweeen "liberatarian" and "authoritarian" socialism.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=6GM893c1X8s)
 - [Huey P. Newton on the faults of western anarchism.](https://www.prisoncensorship.info/archive/etext/bpp/bpp161168.htm)
 - [What is the communist response to a lot of Anarchist criticisms? A Megathread.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/cewriu/masterpost_for_defending_socialism_against/)
 - [The tyranny of structurelessness - The failure of anarchist-style organizing in the womens-liberation movement.](https://www.jofreeman.com/joreen/tyranny.htm)
-- [What is Stalinism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/15g4xo/what_is_stalinism/)
-- [Looking for reference to types of communism.](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1fcc6o/looking_for_reference_to_types_of_communism/)
+- [What is Stalinism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/15g4xo/what_is_stalinism/)
+- [Looking for reference to types of communism.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1fcc6o/looking_for_reference_to_types_of_communism/)
 - [What was Engels Contribution to Marxism?](https://necessityandfreedom.wordpress.com/2017/04/16/without-engels-there-would-be-no-marxism/)
 - [Was Marx anti-semitic? ( On the Jewish Question )](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/exfvbe/for_anyone_who_are_confused_by_marx_is/)
 - [Were the nazis socialist? What about national socialism, the national socialist movement (NSM), and the national front?](https://www.snopes.com/news/2017/09/05/were-nazis-socialists/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/79kvin/what_is_the_difference_between_socialists_here/), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/therewasanattempt/comments/cblf1y/to_commit_a_hate_crime/ethf3t8/), [4](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/wiki/index#wiki_the_nazis_were_socialists.2C_communists_or_leftists)
 - [What is Fascism?](https://lemmygrad.ml/comment/1313977) ,[2](http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1995/06/22/ur-fascism/)
 - [Is the US a fascist state?](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/qxguko/do_you_consider_the_us_to_be_a_fascist_state/hl9q3mr/)
-- [Did Karl Marx use "socialism" and "communism" interchangeably?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2msa39/did_karl_marx_use_socialism_and_communism/)
+- [Did Karl Marx use "socialism" and "communism" interchangeably?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2msa39/did_karl_marx_use_socialism_and_communism/)
 - [What is Luxemburgism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/bzl9iu/luxemburgism/eqtbcxe/)
-- [Is the revolutionary DotP a separate material stage apart from lower phased communism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2mrkkj/is_the_revolutionary_dotp_a_separate_material/)
+- [Is the revolutionary DotP a separate material stage apart from lower phased communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2mrkkj/is_the_revolutionary_dotp_a_separate_material/)
 - [Is socialism the lowest stage of communism or is it the transition to communism, in between capitalism and communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2rijno/is_socialism_the_lowest_stage_of_communism_or_is/)
 - [What about Left Unity? Engels letter to Bebel.](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1873/letters/73_06_20.htm) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/sendinthetanks/comments/prbh1i/build_a_unired_front/hdhq26s/)
 - [What about Marxism and Empiricism? Is Marxism falsifiable?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/8978hb/is_marxism_falsifiable/)
-- [Hakim - On Capitalism and Corporatism](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=luB9VUsXRs8)
+- [Hakim - On Capitalism and Corporatism](https://youtube.com/watch?v=luB9VUsXRs8)
 - [What about "patriotic" socialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/qlxfhd/on_the_question_of_patriotic_socialism_a_reply_to/) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/qm43vh/can_the_mods_start_being_authoritarian_and_crack/hj8ctfi/)
 - [On the origins of the creator of the term totalitarianism, Hannah Arendt](https://twitter.com/aiukliAfrika/status/1063203765082304512)
 
 ## On Ultra-leftism / Left-Communism
 
-- What about the USSR, wasn't it authoritarian? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY&feature=youtu.be), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
+- What about the USSR, wasn't it authoritarian? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
 - [Why do most Marxists dislike ultra-lefts / left-communists (the "not real socialism" crowd) ?](https://medium.com/@leohezhao/left-communists-and-ultra-leftists-are-reactionaries-2d2fca4c991a)
-- [Hakim - Why the USSR was socialist - A critique of left-communism.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKggZ22izDs)
-- [Cockshott - In what sense was the USSR socialist?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nu85byBBddY)
-- [Cockshott - Socialism and surplus - Why the USSR was socialist.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-T-Fr6DvFw)
+- [Hakim - Why the USSR was socialist - A critique of left-communism.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=CKggZ22izDs)
+- [Cockshott - In what sense was the USSR socialist?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Nu85byBBddY)
+- [Cockshott - Socialism and surplus - Why the USSR was socialist.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=C-T-Fr6DvFw)
 - [Where are communists on the political compass?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/f4a9w9/where_do_communists_fall_on_the_political_spectrum/fhozyg4/)
-- [Lenin - "Left-Wing" Communism: An infantile disorder.](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m)
-- [Western Marxism's martyrdom / purity complex.](https://blackagendareport.com/western-marxism-loves-purity-and-martyrdom-not-real-revolution) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaZIsNaAcjt87etb0A_0FWB)
+- [Lenin - "Left-Wing" Communism: An infantile disorder.](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/lwc/) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjob1T8DTNDG7EQaN18eSJ97m)
+- [Western Marxism's martyrdom / purity complex.](https://blackagendareport.com/western-marxism-loves-purity-and-martyrdom-not-real-revolution) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaZIsNaAcjt87etb0A_0FWB)
 
 * [The CIA reads french postmodernist theory: how the CIA pushed "post-Marxist" theory to build support for imperialism.](https://thephilosophicalsalon.com/the-cia-reads-french-theory-on-the-intellectual-labor-of-dismantling-the-cultural-left/)
 * [On MLM / Gonzalo, and the shining path.](https://www.reddit.com/r/asktankies/comments/po4vo1/what_is_your_view_of_chairman_gonzalo/) [2](https://lemmygrad.ml/comment/184251) [3](https://socialistfight.com/2017/02/22/the-lucanamarca-massacre/), [4](https://lemmygrad.ml/comment/188644)
@@ -182,50 +182,50 @@
 ## Did economic planning work?
 
 - [Did Socialism work, in the USSR?](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/capitalism_doesnt_work.md)
-- [Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
+- [Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
 - [My economics teacher said that the planned economies communist countries had are proven failures. Is this true?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/3e68nf/my_economics_teacher_said_that_the_planned/)
 - [Do planned economies have any elegant math behind them?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/cy5duq/does_communism_have_any_elegant_mathematical/)
-- [Is there a surplus in socialist economies? How is it different from the surplus in capitalism and feudalism?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-T-Fr6DvFw)
-- [How did early hunter gatherer and agricultural societies work? Were they egalitarian? How did private property come about? Why did women have a higher status? How did classes and inequality arise?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9u2TtXVABcc)
-- [How can economic planning solve the climate and food crisis?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-U4CZ92ftE4)
-- [Towards a new socialism - Cockshott and Cottrell](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx)
+- [Is there a surplus in socialist economies? How is it different from the surplus in capitalism and feudalism?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=C-T-Fr6DvFw)
+- [How did early hunter gatherer and agricultural societies work? Were they egalitarian? How did private property come about? Why did women have a higher status? How did classes and inequality arise?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=9u2TtXVABcc)
+- [How can economic planning solve the climate and food crisis?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=-U4CZ92ftE4)
+- [Towards a new socialism - Cockshott and Cottrell](http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=yjHCPWs5sl4&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZNiItBbuVvKQBdE80tsyhx)
 - [Why are communists against markets?](https://github.com/dessalines/essays/blob/master/market_socialism.md)
 
 ## Who would sweep the floors under communism?
 
-- [How can people be expected to work hard if they don't get payed more FOR working harder? (I know nothing about communism)](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21u7jo/how_can_people_be_expected_to_work_hard_if_they/)
-- [What prevents cultural, technological or scientific stagnation in a communist society? Also what motivation do people have to work at their Jobs?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27ia0t/what_prevents_cultural_technological_or/)
-- [What about automation / robotics? Why do some communists say innovation has stopped?](https://youtu.be/QGBQwZsp3T0)
+- [How can people be expected to work hard if they don't get payed more FOR working harder? (I know nothing about communism)](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21u7jo/how_can_people_be_expected_to_work_hard_if_they/)
+- [What prevents cultural, technological or scientific stagnation in a communist society? Also what motivation do people have to work at their Jobs?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27ia0t/what_prevents_cultural_technological_or/)
+- [What about automation / robotics? Why do some communists say innovation has stopped?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=QGBQwZsp3T0)
 - [Would people innovate under Communism? Doesn't capitalism create innovation?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9c9qj6/in_a_communist_society_what_are_people_motivated/)
-- [How does communism deal with lazy people?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/25r9hh/how_does_communism_deal_with_lazy_people/)
-- [How does communism/socialism deal with human laziness?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1g235j/how_does_communismsocialism_deal_with_human/)
+- [How does communism deal with lazy people?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/25r9hh/how_does_communism_deal_with_lazy_people/)
+- [How does communism/socialism deal with human laziness?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1g235j/how_does_communismsocialism_deal_with_human/)
 - [What about people who refuse to work?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/cgo2ux/people_who_refuse_to_work/)
 
 ## What about cooperatives?
 
-- [Can cooperatives bring about socialism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/336mz4/can_cooperatives_bring_about_socialism/)
-- [Couldn't small anarchist / anarcho-communist communes replace Capitalism?](https://old.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9ak0wo/whats_the_difference_between_communism_and/e4w0v9n/)
+- [Can cooperatives bring about socialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/336mz4/can_cooperatives_bring_about_socialism/)
+- [Couldn't small anarchist / anarcho-communist communes replace Capitalism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9ak0wo/whats_the_difference_between_communism_and/e4w0v9n/)
 
 ## What about democracy? Can't voting fix our problems?
 
-- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/). [Youtube Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
-- [Halim Alrah - Why liberal democracies are a sham. ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oYodY6o172A)
-- [What about social democracy / democratic socialism / the Nordic model? Isn't Sweden socialist?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jd03a8Pm1hs)
+- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/). [Youtube Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
+- [Halim Alrah - Why liberal democracies are a sham. ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=oYodY6o172A)
+- [What about social democracy / democratic socialism / the Nordic model? Isn't Sweden socialist?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Jd03a8Pm1hs)
 - [On the unraveling of the Nordic welfare states: increasing inequality and forced austerity.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/pmtapr/does_anyone_have_works_on_the_erosion_of_the/hcmyub4/)
 - [Rainer shea - How social democrats help usher in fascism in Germany, and in the US today. ](https://rainershea612.medium.com/social-democrats-helped-usher-in-fascism-in-germany-theyre-doing-it-again-in-america-f84f71846e91)
 - [Scandinavia's covert role in western imperialism](https://www.telesurenglish.net/analysis/Scandinavias-Covert-Role-in-Western-Imperialism-20170320-0022.html)
 - [Why can't you acheive socialism through voting in our current democracies?](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/comments/a9tgff/lsc_insulted_some_democrats/ecmjyjs/)
-- [Paul Cockshott - On Socialism and Democracy.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHN0foV4Ntk) [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=98lvNhNfse4&t=1518s) [3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjKYVQd4r9E)
-- [Comrade Hakim - Why electoralism always fails.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXbaZXQAbuU)
-- [Why not just vote leftists into office: what's wrong with democratic socialism?](https://old.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/duk2yy/the_problem_with_democratic_socialism_in_related/)
+- [Paul Cockshott - On Socialism and Democracy.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=bHN0foV4Ntk) [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=98lvNhNfse4&t=1518s) [3](https://youtube.com/watch?v=EjKYVQd4r9E)
+- [Comrade Hakim - Why electoralism always fails.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=WXbaZXQAbuU)
+- [Why not just vote leftists into office: what's wrong with democratic socialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/duk2yy/the_problem_with_democratic_socialism_in_related/)
 - [W.E.B. Dubois - Why I don't vote](http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/45a/298.html)
 - [What about harm reduction?](http://www.indigenousaction.org/voting-is-not-harm-reduction-an-indigenous-perspective/)
 - [What's wrong with the DSA / Democratic socialism?](https://struggle-sessions.com/2020/04/20/dsa-are-capitalist-pigs/)
 - [How do socialists feel about elections? What about democratic socialism?](https://isreview.org/issue/13/marxists-and-elections)
 - [Can a one-party state really be a democracy?](https://www.quora.com/What-kind-of-democracy-does-the-China-have/answer/Godfree-Roberts?share=0ac8c628&srid=JMzz)
-- [Why is Chinas one party system outperforming western democracies that have abysmal approval ratings?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0YjL9rZyR0)
+- [Why is Chinas one party system outperforming western democracies that have abysmal approval ratings?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=s0YjL9rZyR0)
 - [How the capitalist democratic party sabotaged the Sanders campaign.](https://medium.com/@rainershea612/the-democratic-party-is-fully-prepared-to-steal-the-primary-from-sanders-again-51b7b1130a8d)
-- [Why Sanders is not a socialist - Anticonquista ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbcrJT485r8)
+- [Why Sanders is not a socialist - Anticonquista ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=VbcrJT485r8)
 - [Paying one half of the poor to kill the other half: Why Marxists should not support Sanders.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/f7g3dj/paying_one_half_of_the_poor_to_kill_the_other/)
 - [The propaganda multiplier: A study on media / news concentration, and how the wests propaganda machine functions.](https://swprs.org/the-propaganda-multiplier/)
 - [On "brainwashing"](https://redsails.org/brainwashing/)
@@ -235,38 +235,38 @@
 
 ## Pacifism and Violence
 
-- [What about Pacifism / pacifist socialism? Is violence necessary to acheive socialism? What about Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi?](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
-- [Why not just vote leftists into office: what's wrong with democratic socialism?](https://old.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/duk2yy/the_problem_with_democratic_socialism_in_related/)
+- [What about Pacifism / pacifist socialism? Is violence necessary to acheive socialism? What about Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi?](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
+- [Why not just vote leftists into office: what's wrong with democratic socialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/duk2yy/the_problem_with_democratic_socialism_in_related/)
 - [Is a bloodless revolution possible?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/cyanku/is_a_bloody_revolution_really_necessary_for_the/)
 - "Can the hungry go on a hunger strike? Non-violence is a piece of theatre. You need an audience. What can you do when you have no audience? People have the right to resist annihilation." - Arundhati Roy.
 - [What is imperialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/capitalism_in_decay/comments/cjp4yu/a_medium_length_eli15_answer_to_the_question_what/)
 - [The CIA, Gene sharp, and it's pacifist color revolution regime change tactics. ](https://web.archive.org/web/20130503221026/http://www.dailycensored.com/the-cia-and-nonviolent-resistance-3/)
 - [Regime Change Agent: Gene Sharp's liberal non-violence.](https://nonsite.org/change-agent-gene-sharps-neoliberal-nonviolence-part-one/)
-- [Was the civil rights struggle in the US really nonviolent?](http://mshistorynow.mdah.state.ms.us/articles/62/the-civil-rights-movement-in-mississippi-on-violence-and-nonviolence) [Malcolm X - message to the grassroots. ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ku2JzolPt50)
+- [Was the civil rights struggle in the US really nonviolent?](http://mshistorynow.mdah.state.ms.us/articles/62/the-civil-rights-movement-in-mississippi-on-violence-and-nonviolence) [Malcolm X - message to the grassroots. ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Ku2JzolPt50)
 - [FBI cointel directives on "nonviolent" groups.](https://herb.ashp.cuny.edu/items/show/814)
 - [Is a state really necessary to transition into communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/f0l14l/why_is_a_state_necessary_to_transition_into/)
 - [Engels - on authority. ](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1872/10/authority.htm)
-- [An Overview of Leninism](https://archive.ph/khO7R), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaFTdUpdzXv-zCvYsz4sB01). [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/) , [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC)
-- [Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs)
-- [Trotsky - Fascism - What it is and how to fight it](https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1944/1944-fas.htm), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S39lCH8PnZ8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoa-4fIC4TbpTJgRM77It6LC)
+- [An Overview of Leninism](https://archive.ph/khO7R), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaFTdUpdzXv-zCvYsz4sB01). [Lenin - State and Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1917/staterev/) , [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7GrP0EVJkVE&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoatUez9-2vaAvB78afoKNRC)
+- [Luxemburg - Reform or Revolution](https://www.marxists.org/archive/luxemburg/1900/reform-revolution/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YhzmaUofLS8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYqO_Yec4sWzPeeFXMOkPWs)
+- [Trotsky - Fascism - What it is and how to fight it](https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/works/1944/1944-fas.htm), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=S39lCH8PnZ8&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoa-4fIC4TbpTJgRM77It6LC)
 
 ## What would X be like under communism?
 
 - [What does housing look like in Communist countries?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/chpwq7/could_you_guys_help_us_figure_out_what_housing/euwffax/)
-- [How would a record company/label work in a communist society?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1a0htc/how_would_a_record_companylabel_work_in_a/)
-- [Music tours and traveling in a socialist state?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2bs0yb/music_tours_and_traveling_in_a_socialist_state/)
-- [How would airlines work for the workers and the customers in a communist world?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1exz0n/how_would_airlines_work_for_the_workers_and_the/)
-- [How would a society without the family work?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/14mh40/how_would_a_society_without_the_family_work/)
-- [Record Collecting](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/25t8ps/record_collecting/)
-- [How would everyday life be different in a Marxist society?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2awusu/how_would_everyday_life_be_different_in_a_marxist/)
-- [How would non-essential products their production be promoted in a traditional Marxist economy?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/22bjbf/how_would_nonessential_products_their_production/)
-- [How would media be handled in a Communist state?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1kr25m/how_would_media_be_handled_in_a_communist_state/)
-- [What is going to happen after the revolution?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27l9cc/what_is_going_to_happen_after_the_revolution/)
-- [How would a communist economy really function in practice?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1g279l/how_would_a_communist_economy_really_function_in/)
-- [How does communism deal with niches?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27o04e/how_does_communism_deal_with_niches/)
-- [How would residentials be fairly distributed under full communism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2hnmxx/how_would_residentials_be_fairly_distributed/)
+- [How would a record company/label work in a communist society?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1a0htc/how_would_a_record_companylabel_work_in_a/)
+- [Music tours and traveling in a socialist state?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2bs0yb/music_tours_and_traveling_in_a_socialist_state/)
+- [How would airlines work for the workers and the customers in a communist world?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1exz0n/how_would_airlines_work_for_the_workers_and_the/)
+- [How would a society without the family work?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/14mh40/how_would_a_society_without_the_family_work/)
+- [Record Collecting](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/25t8ps/record_collecting/)
+- [How would everyday life be different in a Marxist society?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2awusu/how_would_everyday_life_be_different_in_a_marxist/)
+- [How would non-essential products their production be promoted in a traditional Marxist economy?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/22bjbf/how_would_nonessential_products_their_production/)
+- [How would media be handled in a Communist state?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1kr25m/how_would_media_be_handled_in_a_communist_state/)
+- [What is going to happen after the revolution?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27l9cc/what_is_going_to_happen_after_the_revolution/)
+- [How would a communist economy really function in practice?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1g279l/how_would_a_communist_economy_really_function_in/)
+- [How does communism deal with niches?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27o04e/how_does_communism_deal_with_niches/)
+- [How would residentials be fairly distributed under full communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2hnmxx/how_would_residentials_be_fairly_distributed/)
 - [How do police / cops differ in socialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9hsoll/suppose_police_all_go_away_tomorrow_and_are/e6eguff/)
-  - [An interview with some traffic cops in China.](https://youtu.be/QFJSepGLFTw?t=1450)
+  - [An interview with some traffic cops in China.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=QFJSepGLFTw?t=1450)
 - [What if some people don't wanna be communist?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9mtnyt/what_if_some_people_dont_wanna_be_communist/e7hc63u/)
 - [What about drugs / drug use?](https://en.prolewiki.org/wiki/Critique:On_drug_use)
 
@@ -276,46 +276,46 @@
 
 - [What is surplus value?](crash_course_socialism.md#surplus-value)
 - [Is the Labor theory of value (LTV) scientifically correct? What about academic economists and the subjective theory of value (STV)?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/9xo7l7/questions_about_ltv_and_stv/e9ts0k1/)
-- [Hakim - common capitalist criticisms of the LTV. ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oRCgUEpIQI)
+- [Hakim - common capitalist criticisms of the LTV. ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=1oRCgUEpIQI)
 - [Empirical studies on the LTV](https://www.reddit.com/r/Marxism/comments/kjb6tp/the_labor_theory_of_value_an_examination/)
-- [Is human labor the source of value because human beings do not normally work for free?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1hjpgk/is_human_labor_the_source_of_value_because_human/)
-- [Value as a necessary product of labor?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2ufx5a/value_as_a_necessary_product_of_labor/)
-- [What is the right way to think about the relation between value and labor?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1d3jy2/what_is_the_right_way_to_think_about_the_relation/)
+- [Is human labor the source of value because human beings do not normally work for free?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1hjpgk/is_human_labor_the_source_of_value_because_human/)
+- [Value as a necessary product of labor?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2ufx5a/value_as_a_necessary_product_of_labor/)
+- [What is the right way to think about the relation between value and labor?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1d3jy2/what_is_the_right_way_to_think_about_the_relation/)
 - [Whats so bad about land ownership / renting / private property? Why do socialists want to abolish it? Don't landowners do work?](https://www.reddit.com/r/CapitalismVSocialism/comments/7r0t5a/how_landlords_create_value/dsu99td/)
-- [Hakim - The problem with landlords and rent.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9gm4b1WgVEQ)
-- [I am in trouble understanding how exactly would a private property abolition work.](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1su2je/i_am_in_trouble_understanding_how_exactly_would_a/)
-- [Private property: Cause or result of alienation?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1c35xf/private_property_cause_or_result_of_alienation/)
-- [In Marxian economics, is 'value' distinct from 'price'? What does 'value' indicate, exactly?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/139g19/in_marxian_economics_is_value_distinct_from_price/)
-- [can you explain the theory of alienation to me in a "explain like I'm five" manner?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2jeyaj/can_you_explain_the_theory_of_alienation_to_me_in/)
-- [If private property is abolished, does this mean anyone can enter "one's home" (or where one lives) and cannot be expelled?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/19nx3l/if_private_property_is_abolished_does_this_mean/)
+- [Hakim - The problem with landlords and rent.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=9gm4b1WgVEQ)
+- [I am in trouble understanding how exactly would a private property abolition work.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1su2je/i_am_in_trouble_understanding_how_exactly_would_a/)
+- [Private property: Cause or result of alienation?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1c35xf/private_property_cause_or_result_of_alienation/)
+- [In Marxian economics, is 'value' distinct from 'price'? What does 'value' indicate, exactly?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/139g19/in_marxian_economics_is_value_distinct_from_price/)
+- [can you explain the theory of alienation to me in a "explain like I'm five" manner?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2jeyaj/can_you_explain_the_theory_of_alienation_to_me_in/)
+- [If private property is abolished, does this mean anyone can enter "one's home" (or where one lives) and cannot be expelled?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/19nx3l/if_private_property_is_abolished_does_this_mean/)
 - [What is the tendency of the rate of profit to fall? (TRPF)](http://socialistreview.org.uk/371/what-tendency-rate-profit-fall)
-- [Hakim - what is the TRPF? ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SEGGvVinUao)
+- [Hakim - what is the TRPF? ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=SEGGvVinUao)
 - [Shouldn't capitalists be rewarded for Risk / Financial investment?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/av92oi/someone_said_the_following_in_a_debate_and_i/) [Well shouldn't business owners be rewarded for their financial risk?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/a8fnlm/counterarguments_to_common_capitalist_economic/) [Do Capitialists deserve profit?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/aany6r/trying_to_get_a_friend_to_the_left/) [Is profit proportional to risk?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1p7d3u/refutation_of_risk_incentive_and_entrepreneurship/cczoar0/)
 - [What is the power of the US dollar / US currency?](https://news.cgtn.com/news/2019-07-01/Why-has-the-clock-started-ticking-on-the-U-S-dollar-deathwatch--HXc5WwRLWw/index.html)
 
 ## On Nationalism and Internationalism
 
-- [Nationalism and internationalism, where do leftists stand?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/298jfb/nationalism_as_applied_internationalism/)
-- [Nationalism and Communism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/146x30/nationalism_and_communism/)
-- [Why is patriotism bad?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1nb7ke/whyis_patriotism_bad/)
+- [Nationalism and internationalism, where do leftists stand?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/298jfb/nationalism_as_applied_internationalism/)
+- [Nationalism and Communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/146x30/nationalism_and_communism/)
+- [Why is patriotism bad?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1nb7ke/whyis_patriotism_bad/)
 - [Luna oi : how USAID serves the CIA. ](https://twitter.com/LunaOi_VN/status/1421564265530494978?s=20)
 
 ## On Women's Liberation
 
-- [Is it necessary to be a feminist to be a communist?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/17cn2z/is_it_necessary_to_be_a_feminist_to_be_a_communist/)
+- [Is it necessary to be a feminist to be a communist?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/17cn2z/is_it_necessary_to_be_a_feminist_to_be_a_communist/)
 - [How would eliminating Capitalism help women's liberation? Why did the patriarchy develop as it did?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/axljq5/how_would_eliminating_capitalism_help/)
 - [What is intersectionality, and how is it related to Marxism?](https://socialistworker.org/2017/08/01/a-marxist-case-for-intersectionality)
-- [What real solutions does socialism have for women, LGBTQ, etc.?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1jprtn/what_real_solutions_does_socialism_have_for_women/)
-- [On Feminism](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1hyu6n/on_feminism/)
+- [What real solutions does socialism have for women, LGBTQ, etc.?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1jprtn/what_real_solutions_does_socialism_have_for_women/)
+- [On Feminism](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1hyu6n/on_feminism/)
 - [Silvia Federici - Caliban and the Witch [audiobook] by dessalines](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:5235321931784e4cfb9efef3138b605164026ed9&dn=Silvia%20Federici%20-%20Caliban%20and%20the%20Witch%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
 - [Lise Vogel - Domestic Labor Revisited (an introduction to Marxist Feminism)](https://dessalines.github.io/essays/lise_vogel_domestic_labour_revisited.html)
 - [Lise Vogel - Marxism and the Oppression of Women [audiobook] by dessalines](magnet:?xt=urn:btih:2b32f06c48d977bb08f0c2eed444d4fbe281577f&dn=Lise%20Vogel%20-%20Marxism%20and%20the%20Oppression%20of%20Women%20%5baudiobook%5d%20by%20dessalines)
-- [What is proletarian/marxian feminism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/18dfco/what_is_proletarianmarxian_feminism/)
-- [Hello comrades! can anyone explain the idea of marxist-feminism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2i1hlp/hello_comrades_can_anyone_explain_the_idea_of/)
+- [What is proletarian/marxian feminism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/18dfco/what_is_proletarianmarxian_feminism/)
+- [Hello comrades! can anyone explain the idea of marxist-feminism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2i1hlp/hello_comrades_can_anyone_explain_the_idea_of/)
 - [What about the history of Marxist Feminism?](https://isreview.org/issue/93/womens-liberation-marxist-tradition)
 - [Thomas Sankara - Women’s liberation and African freedom struggle](http://www.themilitant.com/2011/7502/750249.html)
 - [Clara Zetkin - Lenin and the Women's Question](https://www.marxists.org/archive/zetkin/1920/lenin/zetkin1.htm)
-- [Witchcraft - Class struggle and women's liberation in the middle ages.](https://www.cvltnation.com/rebellion-of-the-damned-witchcraft-as-social-revolt-in-early-modern-france/) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYf68CgjTOc88IDu1mvI4_L)
+- [Witchcraft - Class struggle and women's liberation in the middle ages.](https://www.cvltnation.com/rebellion-of-the-damned-witchcraft-as-social-revolt-in-early-modern-france/) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoYf68CgjTOc88IDu1mvI4_L)
 - [Interviews with Women in the USSR.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/e30gjm/ussr_and_women_rights/f90d0r8/)
 - [What's wrong with "more women CEO" / imperial feminism?](https://twitter.com/RaniaKhalek/status/1207061598680027137?s=20)
 - [Redfightback - Misogyny is Not Caused by Biological “Sex”! The Historical-Materialist Theory of Gender](https://redfightback.org/misogyny-is-not-caused-by-biological-sex-the-historical-materialist-theory-of-gender/)
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@
 - [How is racism related to capitalism?](http://www.historicalmaterialism.org/articles/racism-and-logic-capitalism)
 - [Was the US communist movement anti-racist?](http://socialistworker.org/2010/11/18/race-and-us-socialist-tradition)
 - [Is Racism human nature?](http://socialistworker.org/2010/10/21/the-roots-of-racism)
-- [Lenin on Anti-Semitism.](https://youtu.be/rj7iRwzX-A0)
+- [Lenin on Anti-Semitism.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=rj7iRwzX-A0)
 - [What about identity politics / race and class?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/bupg87/if_socialism_is_about_uniting_as_a_working_class/)
 - [How would eliminating capitalism help marginalized groups such as women, gays, racial minorities, etc?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/axljq5/how_would_eliminating_capitalism_help/)
 - [What about black-on-black crime (Insert racist thing here)?](https://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2015/nov/23/donald-trump/trump-tweet-blacks-white-homicide-victims/)
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
 
 - [What is the socialist stance on guns?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/7xz4w7/does_anybody_know_what_karl_marxs_views_on_gun/)
 - [LiberationNews - A socialist approach to gun control.](https://www.liberationnews.org/united-states-violence-socialist-approach-student-walkouts-gun-control/)
-- [Is it true that gun ownership correlates to increased murders and violence?](http://www.reddit.com/r/bestof/comments/83wax3/-/dvlkxil)
+- [Is it true that gun ownership correlates to increased murders and violence?](https://www.reddit.com/r/bestof/comments/83wax3/-/dvlkxil)
 - [Do Marxists oppose individual terrorism? (Trotsky)](https://www.marxists.org/archive/trotsky/1911/11/tia09.htm)
 - [Where do socialists stand on gun violence and acts of terrorism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/73tqcn/where_should_marxists_stand_on_gun_violence/)
 - [Will the revolution necessarily be violent?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/9vvq6k/will_the_revolution_be_necessarily_violent/e9fer95/)
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@
 
 - [Why do communists dislike liberals?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/4uaxjf/whats_the_deal_with_communists_hating_liberals/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/me_irl/comments/cccf31/meirl/etnbaxx/)
   - [Liberalism - The tyranny of wealth](https://orgrad.wordpress.com/articles/liberalism-the-two-faced-tyranny-of-wealth/)
-  - [Losurdo - Liberalism - A counter history (audiobook)](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZsDdCDgfVRmKCV-GmtCEuI)
+  - [Losurdo - Liberalism - A counter history (audiobook)](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZsDdCDgfVRmKCV-GmtCEuI)
 - [What about free speech?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/c9ee36/comment/et0a5tc/)
   - [How do communists feel about free speech? Are they okay with suppression of free speech in places like China?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/c9ee36/why_do_i_see_so_many_people_on_the_communism/et0a5tc/)
   - [What does free speech really mean?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/8onmz2/free_speech_under_communism/)
@@ -389,23 +389,23 @@
   - [Why not vote for the lesser of two evils (Lesser-evilism)?](https://socialistworker.org/2003-2/465/465_11_LesserEvil.php)
   - [Can't we change the democrats from within?](https://socialistworker.org/2005-1/533/533_13_TwoParties.php)
   - [What about "moderates" like Jimmy Carter? Can't we push them to change?](https://socialistworker.org/2006-1/572/572_09_Carter.php)
-  - [Can't we use voting to solve our problem? Is violence really necessary? What about Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi?](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
+  - [Can't we use voting to solve our problem? Is violence really necessary? What about Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi?](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
 
 ## On Leninism
 
 - [An overview of Leninism.](https://archive.ph/khO7R)
-- [What is the vanguard party? Is one necessary?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/142p1b/what_is_the_vanguard_party_is_one_necessary/)
-- [Why is a vanguard party necessary in Leninism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2n5xx3/why_is_a_vanguard_party_necessary_in_leninism/)
-- [What is Vanguardism and Democratic Centralism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2eo0ft/what_is_vanguardism_and_democratic_centralism/)
-- [What is a vanguard party supposed to be like? What qualifies and doesn't qualify as a vanguard party?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1b0r0o/what_is_a_vanguard_party_supposed_to_be_like_what/)
-- [Difference between leninism and Marxist-leninism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21jk1t/difference_between_leninism_and_marxistleninism/)
-- [Why does left communism reject national liberation movements?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27lbru/why_does_left_communism_reject_national/)
+- [What is the vanguard party? Is one necessary?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/142p1b/what_is_the_vanguard_party_is_one_necessary/)
+- [Why is a vanguard party necessary in Leninism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2n5xx3/why_is_a_vanguard_party_necessary_in_leninism/)
+- [What is Vanguardism and Democratic Centralism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2eo0ft/what_is_vanguardism_and_democratic_centralism/)
+- [What is a vanguard party supposed to be like? What qualifies and doesn't qualify as a vanguard party?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1b0r0o/what_is_a_vanguard_party_supposed_to_be_like_what/)
+- [Difference between leninism and Marxist-leninism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21jk1t/difference_between_leninism_and_marxistleninism/)
+- [Why does left communism reject national liberation movements?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/27lbru/why_does_left_communism_reject_national/)
 - [Is it true that Socialism has killed X million people, and how many has capitalism killed?](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/comments/5q2oak/someone_dies_under_socialism_no_matter_how_its/dcvu8lg/)
 - [What's the role of the state in the revolution, and what is a state?](https://archive.ph/khO7R)
-- What about the USSR, wasn't it authoritarian? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY&feature=youtu.be), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
+- What about the USSR, wasn't it authoritarian? Watch this [brilliant talk by Micheal Parenti](https://youtube.com/watch?v=z7WmYEoNtPY), or read his article, [Left anticommunism, the unkindest cut](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/05/23/left-anticommunism-the-unkindest-cut/), [audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=51KSe96VCuI)
 - [What is Socialism in one country? What's the controversy around it w/ respect to Stalin and Trotsky?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/dsj2wv/was_lenin_in_favour_of_socialism_in_one_country/) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/7mwac2/how_do_trotskyists_or_trotsky_himself_respond_to/) [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/774lmt/can_someone_eli5_the_differences_between_stalins/) [4](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/4yhc4y/socialism_in_one_country_please_assist_me_in_the/)
 - [What did Lenin say about socialism in one country?](https://espressostalinist.com/2012/03/11/lenin-on-socialism-in-one-country-2/)
-- [Taimur Rahman - Why I am not a Trotskyist](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQ9O5UPqcOE).
+- [Taimur Rahman - Why I am not a Trotskyist](https://youtube.com/watch?v=QQ9O5UPqcOE).
 - [What is Dialectical Materialism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/e6iyt3/can_someone_explain_the_concept_of_dialectical/f9r4iep/), [2](https://dashthered.medium.com/marxism-for-normal-people-dialectical-materialism-deb5034685a4)
 - [Is Chomsky right about Marxist-Leninists being evil?](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/4394rt/how_do_you_guys_feel_about_chomskys_views_on/czgj95w/)
 - [Chomsky's takes - A thread](https://mobile.twitter.com/RodericDay/status/1245340127968333829?s=20)
@@ -414,15 +414,15 @@
 
 - [_The Leninist Theory of Organisation_](http://www.marxists.org/archive/mandel/196x/leninism/index.htm) by Ernest Mandel
 - [_Lenin: A Study on the Unity of his Thought_](http://www.marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/1924/lenin/) by Georg Lukacs
-- [_Socialism: Utopian and Scientific_](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/) by Friedrich Engels [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8)
+- [_Socialism: Utopian and Scientific_](https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1880/soc-utop/) by Friedrich Engels [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjobt3oC7Mhq9kHWVbBKRtyg8)
 
 ## On Trotskyism
 
-- [Taimur Rahman - Why I am not a Trotskyist.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQ9O5UPqcOE)
-- [Primarily to the trotskyists: Can you explain the theories of the degenerated workers state, the deformed workers state and state capitalism and can these theories co-exist in the same country?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2x5m39/primarily_to_the_trotskyists_can_you_explain_the/)
-- [What are the main Marxist analyses of fascism? and a question regarding Trotsky's](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2p7ozi/what_are_the_main_marxist_analyses_of_fascism_and/)
-- [Did Stalin 'betray' the revolution? (repost of deleted question)](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1dp6qw/did_stalin_betray_the_revolution_repost_of/)
-- [Why was "Lenin's testament" suppressed by the Party after Lenin's death?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2lfc5f/why_was_lenins_testament_suppressed_by_the_party/)
+- [Taimur Rahman - Why I am not a Trotskyist.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=QQ9O5UPqcOE)
+- [Primarily to the trotskyists: Can you explain the theories of the degenerated workers state, the deformed workers state and state capitalism and can these theories co-exist in the same country?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2x5m39/primarily_to_the_trotskyists_can_you_explain_the/)
+- [What are the main Marxist analyses of fascism? and a question regarding Trotsky's](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2p7ozi/what_are_the_main_marxist_analyses_of_fascism_and/)
+- [Did Stalin 'betray' the revolution? (repost of deleted question)](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1dp6qw/did_stalin_betray_the_revolution_repost_of/)
+- [Why was "Lenin's testament" suppressed by the Party after Lenin's death?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2lfc5f/why_was_lenins_testament_suppressed_by_the_party/)
 - [Why was Trotsky assassinated?](https://internationalstalinsociety.wordpress.com/trotsky-the-anti-communist/)
 - https://www.marxists.org/history/etol/document/vietnam/pirani/hochiminh.htm
 
@@ -435,34 +435,34 @@
 - [Did socialism achieve anything in the USSR?](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/86tqdd/but_socialism_doesnt_work_s/dw7qco0/)
 - [What are some of the USSR's accomplishments?](https://lemmygrad.ml/post/8636)
 - [Why do the majority of Russians regret the collapse of the USSR?](https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2017/12/25/majority-of-russians-regret-soviet-collapse-poll-says-a60039)
-- [What is Stalinism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/15g4xo/what_is_stalinism/)
+- [What is Stalinism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/15g4xo/what_is_stalinism/)
 - [What about Stalin? Didn't he kill millions? (Revleft podcast on Stalin)](https://revolutionaryleftradio.libsyn.com/joseph-mother-fucking-stain)
-- [Was Stalin's USSR State Capitalist?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/383c4i/was_stalins_ussr_state_capitalist/)
+- [Was Stalin's USSR State Capitalist?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/383c4i/was_stalins_ussr_state_capitalist/)
 - [Lenin on State Capitalism (The Tax in Kind)](https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1921/apr/21.htm)
 - [What about the term tankies / stalinists? What's the meaning of the term?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/dm2mbz/on_tankies/) [What about the 1956 Hungarian revolt?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/dh6nyi/why_was_the_hungarian_uprising_crushed_by_the_ussr/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/ht4z8a/hungarian_revolution_in_1956/), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/ol6h3b/im_simply_wondering_where_does_the_term_tankie/h5f3s6o/). [MI6 trained the hungarian opposition to fight soviets in the 1956 revolt.](http://archive.is/fMAzu) [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/PartyofCommunistsUSA/comments/9kqkt5/anticommunist_and_antijewish_pogroms_of_hungarys/) [4](http://www3.sympatico.ca/thidas/Hungarian-history/Exodus.html), [5](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/ol6h3b/im_simply_wondering_where_does_the_term_tankie/h5f3s6o/)
 - [RedSails - on "Tankies"](https://redsails.org/tankies/)
-- [Hakim - Why the USSR was socialist - A critique of left-communism.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CKggZ22izDs)
+- [Hakim - Why the USSR was socialist - A critique of left-communism.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=CKggZ22izDs)
 - [Did Stalin really try to resign 4 times?](https://socialistmlmusings.wordpress.com/2017/02/23/stalins-four-attempts-at-resignation/)
-- [Why were there prison labor camps in the USSR and were they justified?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2hkn8r/why_were_there_prison_labor_camps_in_the_ussr_and/)
+- [Why were there prison labor camps in the USSR and were they justified?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2hkn8r/why_were_there_prison_labor_camps_in_the_ussr_and/)
 - [Did the USSR really make an alliance with the nazis? (Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact)](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/148o4x/1939_sovietnazi_partition_of_poland/c7azkz9/), [2](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/3223834/Stalin-planned-to-send-a-million-troops-to-stop-Hitler-if-Britain-and-France-agreed-pact.html), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/8mg59o/why_did_the_ussr_aid_nazi_germany_in_invading/), [4](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/4t1p4j/why_did_the_soviet_union_sign_the/), [5](https://i.imgur.com/cAMvQ1O.jpg)
   - [Einstein on the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact.](https://hexbear.net/comment/3582146)
-- [Did the USSR supply the Nazis with raw materials and weapons in the years before WW2?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/a5r9sx/-/eboru9r)
+- [Did the USSR supply the Nazis with raw materials and weapons in the years before WW2?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/a5r9sx/-/eboru9r)
 - [How many Jews escaped from Poland to the USSR in WW2?](https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/escape-of-jews-from-poland-to-the-soviet-union)
 - [What about the Katyn Massacre?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/148o4x/1939_sovietnazi_partition_of_poland/c7azkz9/). [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/71gikf/nkvd_and_soviet_crimes/dnalyrr/)
-- [What contributions did Stalin make to Marxism-Leninism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ejidu/what_contributions_did_stalin_make_to/)
-- [Opinions on Defense of Stalin and Mao](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/11yp4f/opinions_on_defense_of_stalin_and_mao/)
-- [Stalin's Purges](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/qergf/stalins_purges/)
+- [What contributions did Stalin make to Marxism-Leninism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ejidu/what_contributions_did_stalin_make_to/)
+- [Opinions on Defense of Stalin and Mao](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/11yp4f/opinions_on_defense_of_stalin_and_mao/)
+- [Stalin's Purges](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/qergf/stalins_purges/)
 - [Was Stalin / the USSR anti-Semitic? Are the communists the same as the nazis with regards to anti-semitism? What about the doctors plot?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/b2xtna/was_stalin_antisemitic/) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/grc3u1/antisemitism_in_the_ussr/fry3f52/) [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/pr1zpg/how_did_the_jews_fare_under_communism/hdfmhs9/), [4](https://jewishcurrents.org/the-double-genocide-theory)
-- [What are some legitimate criticisms of Stalin?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/10chdq/what_are_some_legitimate_criticisms_of_stalin/)
+- [What are some legitimate criticisms of Stalin?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/10chdq/what_are_some_legitimate_criticisms_of_stalin/)
 - [Why did the USSR invade Finland in 1939?](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/r44hdz/why_did_ussr_finland_in_1939_did_finland_provoke/)
-- [I need clarification on myths/truths of the USSR/Soviet Union.](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2dzicb/i_need_clarification_on_mythstruths_of_the/)
-- [I'm fascinated by the idea of communism...](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21s0dw/im_fascinated_by_the_idea_of_communism/)
-- [Was the Soviet Union democratic? If so to what extent?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2i0p0z/was_the_soviet_union_democratic_if_so_to_what/)
-- [How necessary or productive were the torture, mass executions of captives, and labor camps of 20th-century socialist governments and revolutions?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2ksxum/how_necessary_or_productive_were_the_torture_mass/)
-- [Why did Lenin abolish factory committees established by workers?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ypaur/why_did_lenin_abolish_factory_committees/)
-- [How much of the USSR's "dark history" under Stalin can actually be attributed to Yezhov?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2qlm9z/how_much_of_the_ussrs_dark_history_under_stalin/)
-- [Forced Deportation Under Stalin](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/316tey/forced_deportation_under_stalin/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/ddedgw/marxistleninistswhat_do_you_think_of_the/f2hwvlm/)
-- [Did the Soviet Union manufacture a famine in Ukraine? What about the Holodomor?](https://reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/a7njo6/66_of_russians_say_that_they_regret_that_the_ussr/ec4skiw?context=3), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1c4to0/is_there_a_different_aspectpov_to_the_holodomor/),[3](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/79nmdh/red_famine_by_anne_applebaum_what_is_this_all/),[4](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/wiki/debunk#wiki_anti-communist_myth_number_1.3A_the_soviet_union_manufactured_a_famine_in_ukraine),[5](https://sputniknews.com/politics/201508091025560345/),[6](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/r42840/what_were_the_main_causes_of_the_ukraine_famine/), [A podcast on Stalin, Holodomor, and the purges.](https://revolutionaryleftradio.libsyn.com/joseph-mother-fucking-stain)
+- [I need clarification on myths/truths of the USSR/Soviet Union.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2dzicb/i_need_clarification_on_mythstruths_of_the/)
+- [I'm fascinated by the idea of communism...](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/21s0dw/im_fascinated_by_the_idea_of_communism/)
+- [Was the Soviet Union democratic? If so to what extent?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2i0p0z/was_the_soviet_union_democratic_if_so_to_what/)
+- [How necessary or productive were the torture, mass executions of captives, and labor camps of 20th-century socialist governments and revolutions?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2ksxum/how_necessary_or_productive_were_the_torture_mass/)
+- [Why did Lenin abolish factory committees established by workers?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ypaur/why_did_lenin_abolish_factory_committees/)
+- [How much of the USSR's "dark history" under Stalin can actually be attributed to Yezhov?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2qlm9z/how_much_of_the_ussrs_dark_history_under_stalin/)
+- [Forced Deportation Under Stalin](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/316tey/forced_deportation_under_stalin/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/ddedgw/marxistleninistswhat_do_you_think_of_the/f2hwvlm/)
+- [Did the Soviet Union manufacture a famine in Ukraine? What about the Holodomor?](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/a7njo6/66_of_russians_say_that_they_regret_that_the_ussr/ec4skiw?context=3), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1c4to0/is_there_a_different_aspectpov_to_the_holodomor/),[3](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/79nmdh/red_famine_by_anne_applebaum_what_is_this_all/),[4](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/wiki/debunk#wiki_anti-communist_myth_number_1.3A_the_soviet_union_manufactured_a_famine_in_ukraine),[5](https://sputniknews.com/politics/201508091025560345/),[6](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/r42840/what_were_the_main_causes_of_the_ukraine_famine/), [A podcast on Stalin, Holodomor, and the purges.](https://revolutionaryleftradio.libsyn.com/joseph-mother-fucking-stain)
 - [Did Stalin / the USSR intentionally wreck the anarchists in the Spanish Civil War / Revolutionary Catalonia?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1e1bhf/what_was_the_role_of_ussr_in_revolutionary_spain/c9w2jva/) , [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1jlpyu/what_contributed_to_the_fallingout_between/cbg3v0p/)
 - [Did the early USSR repress anarchists? What about Nestor Makhno and the Free territory of Ukraine?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/64wkgf/polemic_the_anarchokulak_bandits_of_russia_and/)
   - [A brief history of Nestor Makhno.](https://archive.fo/B6Mpi)
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@
 
 ### [Was Soviet Socialism an economic failure?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/wiki/debunk#wiki_anti-communist_myth_number_4.3A_socialism_is_an_economic_failure)
 
-- [_Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?_](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work/) by Stephen Gowans, [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
+- [_Do Publicly Owned, Planned Economies Work?_](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/do-publicly-owned-planned-economies-work/) by Stephen Gowans, [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mYf3gZZFa0k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjobDdDbSC_YgZfV94BQiRIB8)
 - [_From Farm to Factory_](http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=fa5b6de5135f49269cd2b35b727236f7) by Robert Allen
 - [_The Rise of Socialism_](http://www.marxists.org/archive/foster/1932/toward/03.htm) by William Foster
 - [_We Lived Better Then_](http://gowans.wordpress.com/2011/12/20/we-lived-better-then/) by Stephen Gowans
@@ -536,28 +536,28 @@
 
 ### Further reading
 
-- [A collection of Soviet history books on Stalin and Stalinism.](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/1hzwl3/a_collection_of_soviet_history_books_on_stalin/)
+- [A collection of Soviet history books on Stalin and Stalinism.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/1hzwl3/a_collection_of_soviet_history_books_on_stalin/)
 - [_The Triumph of Evil, Chapter 1: The Documented Facts About Eastern Europe and Communism_](http://redscans.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/austin-murphy-the-triumph-of-evil.pdf) by A. Murphy
 
 ## On Mao, Maoism, and Marxism-Leninism-Maoism, and the PRC
 
-- [What is Maoism?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/139sid/what_is_maoism/)
-- [How many peopled really died during the Great Leap Forward?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/39w9w0/how_many_peopled_really_died_during_the_great/)
+- [What is Maoism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/139sid/what_is_maoism/)
+- [How many peopled really died during the Great Leap Forward?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/39w9w0/how_many_peopled_really_died_during_the_great/)
 - [Did Mao really kill millions of people in the great leap forward?](https://monthlyreview.org/commentary/did-mao-really-kill-millions-in-the-great-leap-forward#.T5wbUSfm_x8.reddit)
 - [What about the mass killing of landlords? What about landlordism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/bvk5rd/what_do_you_think_of_the_mass_killing_of/)
 - [What about the famines? Did Mao kill millions?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/11yp4f/opinions_on_defense_of_stalin_and_mao/c6qobhh/)
-- [Why did Mao launch the Cultural Revolution? What was he trying to achieve as distinct from the Revolution the Chinese Communists had already won? To what extent did he succeed? Does it have any continuing impact? (x-post from /r/AskHistorians)](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/23958h/why_did_mao_launch_the_cultural_revolution_what/)
-- [What was the cultural revolution? A Documentary series on it, called How yukong moved the mountains](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLN-jRZRPrc&list=PLMt0ncvnKoz3ar_f78qBeA29-0kwrsXvT)
+- [Why did Mao launch the Cultural Revolution? What was he trying to achieve as distinct from the Revolution the Chinese Communists had already won? To what extent did he succeed? Does it have any continuing impact? (x-post from /r/AskHistorians)](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/23958h/why_did_mao_launch_the_cultural_revolution_what/)
+- [What was the cultural revolution? A Documentary series on it, called How yukong moved the mountains](https://youtube.com/watch?v=zLN-jRZRPrc&list=PLMt0ncvnKoz3ar_f78qBeA29-0kwrsXvT)
 - [What are Mao's contributions to Marxism? (MLM)](https://jiminykrix.wordpress.com/2016/09/14/what-maoism-has-to-offer-the-world-and-why-so-many-former-non-communists-think-its-dope/)
 - [What's the difference between MZT (Mao-Zedong-Thought) and MLM (Marxism-Leninism-Maoism)? How does Socialism with Chinese Characteristics (SWCC) differ from MLM? Does modern China uphold Mao? What about the cultural revolution?](http://web.archive.org/web/20210218232858/http://cpcchina.chinadaily.com.cn/fastfacts/2010-10/18/content_11425373.htm) [2](https://leohezhao.medium.com/wrong-turns-on-the-revolutionary-road-ultra-leftism-and-the-cultural-revolution-2e090793dfad) [3](https://www.greanvillepost.com/2018/10/30/the-long-game-and-its-contradictions/) [4](https://www.reddit.com/r/asktankies/comments/qts7sn/what_is_the_difference_between_maoism_and/hkom8qx/)
-- [A lecture on MZT, and the thought of the first generation leaders of the PRC. Also on the origins of the term, "Maoism".](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lf3VW9wzl1g)
-- [Where should I start with Mao?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1dmxcl/where_should_i_start_with_mao/)
-- [Debastardising Mao.](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ecf32/debastardising_mao/)
-- [Was Sun Yat Sen a communist?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3kvAMVX0bjE)
+- [A lecture on MZT, and the thought of the first generation leaders of the PRC. Also on the origins of the term, "Maoism".](https://youtube.com/watch?v=lf3VW9wzl1g)
+- [Where should I start with Mao?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1dmxcl/where_should_i_start_with_mao/)
+- [Debastardising Mao.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ecf32/debastardising_mao/)
+- [Was Sun Yat Sen a communist?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=3kvAMVX0bjE)
 - [Deng on why Mao's legacy must be upheld.](https://redsails.org/deng-and-fallaci/)
 - [Deng Xiaoping - a visionary marxist-leninist.](https://twitter.com/RodericDay/status/1353776771573948418?s=20)
 - [Deng - We will always side with the third world.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/p9d2zy/117_years_ago_a_national_hero_was_born/h9wxz32/)
-- [What about Tibet? (95% of the population were slaves or feudal serfs before China invaded in 1959)](http://www.michaelparenti.org/Tibet.html) [audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZjKom_Qj0jcDReaMb_r52z)
+- [What about Tibet? (95% of the population were slaves or feudal serfs before China invaded in 1959)](http://www.michaelparenti.org/Tibet.html) [audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZjKom_Qj0jcDReaMb_r52z)
 - [Tibet, China, and the Violent reaction of a wealthy elite.](https://historicly.substack.com/p/tibet-china-and-the-violent-reaction)
 - [Mao's liberation of Tibet](https://stalinsmoustache.org/2018/09/19/maos-liberation-of-tibet/)
 - [Dalai Lama - Forgive Pinochet](https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/forgive-pinochet-says-dalai-lama-1.187150)
@@ -565,7 +565,7 @@
 - [Dalai Lama - If the next Dalai Lama is a female, her face must be attractive, otherwise its not much use... she should use makeup.](https://twitter.com/DanielDumbrill/status/1345465786907774976?s=20)
 - [Did China really try to save the GDR?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/dsvsf9/newly_declassified_documents_released_by_german/)
 - [Didn't China cause the Coronavirus? A Megathread.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/fi390n/china_and_the_coronavirus/)
-- [What about China's coronavirus response? Is there really any sinophobia?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/evwls8/megathread_addressing_sinophobia_and_chinas/) [2](https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/28/canada-chinese-community-battles-racist-backlash-amid-coronavirus-outbreak?__twitter_impression=true) [3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GasWB8s-tqs&feature=youtu.be)
+- [What about China's coronavirus response? Is there really any sinophobia?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/evwls8/megathread_addressing_sinophobia_and_chinas/) [2](https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2020/jan/28/canada-chinese-community-battles-racist-backlash-amid-coronavirus-outbreak?__twitter_impression=true) [3](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GasWB8s-tqs)
 - [The New York Times anti-China Syndrome (about the coronavirus)](https://fair.org/home/nyts-china-syndrome/)
 - [Debunking NYTimes anti-china covid-19 talking points, especially about Dr Li.](https://mronline.org/2020/03/05/yellow-caking-an-epidemic/)
 - [NYT misquotes WHO doctors who went to China, the doctors refute them.](https://twitter.com/catcontentonly/status/1360731850034053120?s=20)
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
 - [An April 2020 poll of Republicans and Democrats finds that 77% blame China for coronavirus, with 54% saying China owes reparations. ](http://archive.is/FB7KP)
 - [Vijay Prashad and Qiao Collective - On the covid timeline, and US Sinophobia.](https://www.qiaocollective.com/home/conversation-vijay-prashad)
 - [Did China hide covid?](https://www.peoplesworld.org/article/trumps-blame-china-campaign-is-an-effort-to-dodge-responsibility/)
-- [Taimur Rahman - How China beat the Coronavirus.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HN8bKQOyw_Q)
+- [Taimur Rahman - How China beat the Coronavirus.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=HN8bKQOyw_Q)
 - [What about the suicide nets at Foxconn?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/dnafal/question_suicide_nets/)
 - [Is china persecuting gay people?](https://twitter.com/isgoodrum/status/1366919923390324737)
 - [Deng Xiaoping - on the question of national minorities and Han chauvinism](https://redsails.org/the-question-of-minority-nationalities-in-the-southwest/)
@@ -586,49 +586,49 @@
 - [Is modern day china communist? Is it staying true to communist values?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/91liw2/how_is_china_staying_true_to_communist_values/e2z3kzu/)
 - [Didn't China go Capitalist with Deng Xiaoping? Didn't it liberalize its economy? Is China's drastic decrease in poverty a result of the increase in free market capitalist policies?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/b3gjfe/chinas_drastic_decrease_in_poverty_is_a_result_of/ey8depl/?context=3)
 - [Is the CPC committed to communism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/c9ee36/why_do_i_see_so_many_people_on_the_communism/esxapi2/)
-- [The Long Game and Its Contradictions](https://www.greanvillepost.com/2018/10/30/the-long-game-and-its-contradictions/). [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoali1j-mai9MtggjA-Vzc4x)
+- [The Long Game and Its Contradictions](https://www.greanvillepost.com/2018/10/30/the-long-game-and-its-contradictions/). [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoali1j-mai9MtggjA-Vzc4x)
 - [The myth of Chinese state capitalism. Did Deng really betray Chinese socialism?](http://www.greanvillepost.com/2015/08/20/the-myth-of-chinese-capitalism-2/)
-- [Tsinghua University- Is Socialism with Chinese Characteristics real socialism, or is it state Capitalism?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=62mvMWJHt8g)
+- [Tsinghua University- Is Socialism with Chinese Characteristics real socialism, or is it state Capitalism?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=62mvMWJHt8g)
 - [Isn't China revisionist for having a capitalist sector of the economy, and working with capitalists? Why isn't it fully planned like the USSR was?](https://lemmygrad.ml/comment/185239)
 - [Castro on why both China and Vietnam are socialist countries.](https://redsails.org/fidel-and-gawronski/)
 - [Roderic Day - China has billionaires.](https://redsails.org/china-has-billionaires)
-- [What is socialism with Chinese characteristics (SWCC\)?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ff_ZkwJmfWQ)
+- [What is socialism with Chinese characteristics (SWCC\)?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Ff_ZkwJmfWQ)
 - [How is SWCC not revisionist? How is it any different from Gorbachev's market reforms?](https://lemmygrad.ml/post/229830), [2](https://lemmygrad.ml/post/231549)
 - [Domenico Losurdo - is China state capitalist?](https://redsails.org/losurdo-on-china/), [2](https://redsails.org/flight-from-history/#the-peoples-republic-of-china-and-the-historical-analysis-of-socialism)
 - [Did Lenin say anything about Market Socialism, or productivism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/quevn9/what_are_actually_existing_socialist_countries_as/hkqprfx/)
-- [Vijay Prashad - Is China capitalist?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3X7U2W6ryjE)
+- [Vijay Prashad - Is China capitalist?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=3X7U2W6ryjE)
 - [Why do Chinese billionaires keep ending up in prison?](https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/01/why-do-chinese-billionaires-keep-ending-up-in-prison/272633/) [Why are many billionaires and CEOs going missing?](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/china-billionaires-ceo-disappearing-missing-station-sanctioned-abductions-beijing-security-agencies-a7564896.html) [China sentences Ex-Chairman of a major bank, guilty of embezzling ~$100M USD, to death in 2019.](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-12-27/china-sentences-ex-chairman-of-troubled-hengfeng-bank-to-death)
-- [China cracks down on billionaires - Ben Norton interviews Ian Goodrum](https://youtu.be/TiJ2-Uw_0tA)
+- [China cracks down on billionaires - Ben Norton interviews Ian Goodrum](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TiJ2-Uw_0tA)
 - [Do capitalists control the communist party? No](https://medium.com/@leohezhao/the-long-game-and-its-contradictions-8ff92823cf68?postPublishedType=repub), [pic](https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2087/1*A-SuzTx-HlyvrIPKaOTOHA.jpeg)
 - [How the State runs business in China.](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/25/china-business-xi-jinping-communist-party-state-private-enterprise-huawei)
 - [50% of the economy is in the socialist public sector and directly follows the plan (40% if you ignore the agricultural sector). 20 to 30% is inside the state capitalist sector, which is the sector partially or totally owned by domestic capitalists but run by the CPC or by local workers councils. The rest is made up of the small bourgeois ownership like in the NEP.](https://chinareporting.blogspot.com/2009/11/class-nature-of-chinese-state-critique_26.html)
 - [China pushing forward Marxist training in colleges, attracts 1M students.](http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/988795.shtml)
 - [China tells the US that it has no plans to weaken the role of its State-Owned-Enterprises, one of the US's main demands in the trade war. "Beijing plans to make the state economy stronger, bigger, and better."](https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-economy/article/3038993/china-wont-give-its-state-led-economic-model-top-trade?fbclid=IwAR2ys8_Y_6Nxq2x__BM4SoKdR63it7X_JRy1XJdkLw4QrK0VQ77mXYyrcks)
 - [Unlike the US, China refuses to bail out over-leveraged property developers, and lets them go bankrupt.](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/pnqrf7/whats_happening_with_evergrande_will_it_have_a/)
-- [A China misinformation Megathread.](https://old.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/c2b7ma/china_megathread_everything_a_leftist_must_know/)
+- [A China misinformation Megathread.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/c2b7ma/china_megathread_everything_a_leftist_must_know/)
 
 ### Is China a Democracy?
 
 - [Is China a democracy?](https://www.quora.com/What-kind-of-democracy-does-the-China-have/answer/Godfree-Roberts?share=0ac8c628&srid=JMzz)
 - [Workplace democracy in action in the CPC.](https://archive.ph/DwD1n)
 - [What kind of democracy does China have, and how is it different from the west?](https://www.quora.com/What-kind-of-democracy-does-the-China-have/answers/81676052?share=0ac8c628&srid=JMzz)
-- In contrast to low US political approval ratings, 96% of Chinese are satisfied with the national government (Edelmans 2016). World Values Surveys says that 83% think the country is run for their benefit rather than for the benefit of special groups. [A Harvard research center study of long-term public opinion survey finds that > 95% of Chinese citizens approved their government.](https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/07/long-term-survey-reveals-chinese-government-satisfaction/) [How is this possible in a one-party state? (TED talk by Eric X Li)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s0YjL9rZyR0)
-- [How does China’s political system work?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qu4QTxl9GVw)
-- [How are Chinese leaders elected / chosen? How meristocratic is the system? How do elections differ from those in western bourgeois democracies?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgpQxVCekgw)
+- In contrast to low US political approval ratings, 96% of Chinese are satisfied with the national government (Edelmans 2016). World Values Surveys says that 83% think the country is run for their benefit rather than for the benefit of special groups. [A Harvard research center study of long-term public opinion survey finds that > 95% of Chinese citizens approved their government.](https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2020/07/long-term-survey-reveals-chinese-government-satisfaction/) [How is this possible in a one-party state? (TED talk by Eric X Li)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=s0YjL9rZyR0)
+- [How does China’s political system work?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Qu4QTxl9GVw)
+- [How are Chinese leaders elected / chosen? How meristocratic is the system? How do elections differ from those in western bourgeois democracies?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TgpQxVCekgw)
 - [Who runs China? Makeup of the national people's congress.](https://news.cgtn.com/event/2019/whorunschina/index.html)
 - [US policy-makers are misjudging popular support China's Government.](https://www.marketwatch.com/story/these-numbers-show-just-how-much-the-lives-of-everyday-chinese-have-improved-in-recent-decades-2019-10-02)
 - [The american dream is alive... in China.](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/18/world/asia/china-social-mobility.html)
 
 ### Workers rights
 
-- [The real wage (IE the wage adjusted for the prices you pay) has gone up 4x in the past 25 years, more than any other country. This is staggering considering it's the most populous country on the planet. The US real wage by comparison is lower in 2019 than it was in 1973.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cw8SvK0E5dI)
+- [The real wage (IE the wage adjusted for the prices you pay) has gone up 4x in the past 25 years, more than any other country. This is staggering considering it's the most populous country on the planet. The US real wage by comparison is lower in 2019 than it was in 1973.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Cw8SvK0E5dI)
 - [Workplace democracy in action in the CPC.](https://archive.ph/DwD1n)
 - [US Life expectancy peaked in 2015, is on the decline, and is now lower than in China.](https://www.businessinsider.com/china-boasts-that-its-healthy-life-expectancy-beats-the-us-is-correct-2018-5) [2](http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-09/07/c_138372963.htm)
-  - How [healthcare works in China (refuting a fearmongering NYT video about health care in China)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mvpo2jv5eqI).
+  - How [healthcare works in China (refuting a fearmongering NYT video about health care in China)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mvpo2jv5eqI).
   - [Uninsured Chinese citizens pay an average of $5-7 to see a specialist (the majority of hospital visits ), and with insurance, its free. 95% of Chinese citizens have insurance](https://hotpot.team/new-york-times-lies/)
 - [Wages themselves are forced to rise in the private sector by the CPC (+16% every years, +400% since 1980) who force the capitalists to accept the presence of CPC chapters who represent the interest of the workers, increasing workers control even in the capitalist parts of the economy. ](https://www.workers.org/2015/07/21/china-rising-wages-and-worker-militancy/#.WXOlQtPytsM)
 - [Eliminated Urban Poverty. On track to eliminate all poverty within a decade.](https://www.theguardian.com/business/economics-blog/2015/aug/19/china-poverty-inequality-development-goals)
-- [CGTN documentary - China's war on poverty](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nuaJGPZCBYU)
+- [CGTN documentary - China's war on poverty](https://youtube.com/watch?v=nuaJGPZCBYU)
 - [Trade union laws of the PRC.](https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/30352/118793/F1165849917/CHN30352%202.pdf)
 - [The west views China as one big sweatshop, but the actual working hours aren't much more than anywhere else. The average for a migrant worker (most vulnerable to exploitation as they are traveling from the countryside) is 8.8 hours, little under an hour more than a typical working day. Labor strikes are rarely suppressed, and usually get the support of the PRC.](https://www.forbes.com/sites/mitchfree/2013/07/11/held-hostage-entrepreneurs-uneasy-over-chinese-govt-inaction/#2431f5463de4)
 - [The workplace safety standards of China are better than in the capitalist countries of the West like in Australia who have an higher rate of work related death despite having a GDP per capita 3-5 times higher.](http://www.trotskyistplatform.com/workplace-safety-now-better-in-china-than-in-australia/)
@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@
 - [In a typical example of proletarian police accountability, the CPC sentences a police officer to death for killing a pregnant woman in a restaurant in southern China.](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-26230765)
 - [The US is losing to China: “Washington is actually far more corrupt than Beijing. If you want to get something done in Washington, you do what you do in Jakarta: just slip some money to the right people.”](https://www.forbes.com/sites/eamonnfingleton/2014/11/12/obama-in-china-taking-candy-from-a-baby/#27d9d3c1231e)
 - [Hudson and Escobar - The consequences of moving from Industrial to Finance Capital in the US](https://consortiumnews.com/2021/01/07/the-consequences-of-moving-from-industrial-to-financial-capitalism/)
-- [Hudson and Escobar - China, the US, Russia - Finance capitalism, Industrial capitalism, and rent seeking](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IquO_TcMZIQ)
+- [Hudson and Escobar - China, the US, Russia - Finance capitalism, Industrial capitalism, and rent seeking](https://youtube.com/watch?v=IquO_TcMZIQ)
 
 ### Is China destroying the environment?
 
@@ -649,14 +649,14 @@
 ### Is China Imperialist?
 
 - [Debunking the claim that "China is Imperialist"](https://web.archive.org/web/20200218214921/https://medium.com/@rainershea612/catagorically-debunking-the-claim-that-china-is-imperialist-a9ae7b280a44)
-- [The demeanor of Chinese leaders (Xi Jinping) vs Western leaders (Nancy Pelosi) towards African nations. One of the reasons why African nations favor China instead of the West.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/kxabq5/the_demeanor_of_chinese_leaders_xi_jinping_vs/) [Full video here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5uzxV8ub9k)
+- [The demeanor of Chinese leaders (Xi Jinping) vs Western leaders (Nancy Pelosi) towards African nations. One of the reasons why African nations favor China instead of the West.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/kxabq5/the_demeanor_of_chinese_leaders_xi_jinping_vs/) [Full video here](https://youtube.com/watch?v=P5uzxV8ub9k)
 - [An African leader on the hypocrisy of those saying China is imperialist.](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/pn5bmz/african_leader_calls_out_western_hypocrisy_when/)
-- [China africa panel: if you want actual infrastructure, you go to China, not the west. ](https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TPXS0OZikzs&feature=youtu.be)
+- [China africa panel: if you want actual infrastructure, you go to China, not the west. ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TPXS0OZikzs)
 - [Is China really imperialist? What's the difference between what Europe did to Africa, and what China is doing?](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/g0lp70/people_are_saying_that_china_is_colonialist_by/fnanq5x/)
 - [Five imperialist myths about China's role in Africa.](https://liberationschool.org/five-imperialist-myths-about-chinas-role-in-africa/)
-- [Evo Morales - Why China and Russia aren't imperialist, but the US is.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-zG2eFsNoc)
+- [Evo Morales - Why China and Russia aren't imperialist, but the US is.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=f-zG2eFsNoc)
 - [US air force veteran Bill Brown breaks down the history of anti-chinese propaganda, and why China is not colonialist like the west.](https://twitter.com/thouse_opinions/status/1371723368832004099)
-- [Yanis Varoufakis on China's foreign policy dealings with Greece and Africa](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBgbYQ5QAM0).
+- [Yanis Varoufakis on China's foreign policy dealings with Greece and Africa](https://youtube.com/watch?v=PBgbYQ5QAM0).
 - [Vijay Prashad and Qiao Collective - Is China imperializing Africa?](https://www.qiaocollective.com/home/conversation-vijay-prashad)
 - [Danny Haiphong from BlackAgenaReport interview with Anya Parampil from thegrayzone: on the new cold war, and a myriad of lies about China.](https://thegrayzone.com/2020/08/24/42711/)
 - [The Belt and Road Initiative: the antithesis of Colonialism.](https://qutnyti.wordpress.com/2018/07/16/belt-road-initiative-an-anti-thesis-of-colonialism/)
@@ -675,9 +675,9 @@
 
 ### Is China anti-LGBT / Homophobic / anti-feminist?
 
-- [CGTN: Jin Xing: Transgender woman talks on life challenges faced in China, guts to correct them](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p-OlO8QZ70s)
-- [CGTN: Gay Leap Forward: LGBT in China](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=doAh4ZhGhsY)
-- [AsianBoss: Chinese React To Social Media Ban On Gay Content](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTzgE1nvxZs)
+- [CGTN: Jin Xing: Transgender woman talks on life challenges faced in China, guts to correct them](https://youtube.com/watch?v=p-OlO8QZ70s)
+- [CGTN: Gay Leap Forward: LGBT in China](https://youtube.com/watch?v=doAh4ZhGhsY)
+- [AsianBoss: Chinese React To Social Media Ban On Gay Content](https://youtube.com/watch?v=sTzgE1nvxZs)
 - [Is it safe to be trans in China?](https://twitter.com/SeraJadeAtPSA/status/1433816613309014016)
 - [What about the ban on gay / effeminate men on TV?](https://twitter.com/Mango_Press_/status/1433821330315653125). [2](https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202109/1233146.shtml) [3](https://chinadigitaltimes.net/2021/08/translation-everyone-can-sense-that-a-profound-transformation-is-underway/), [4](https://www.reddit.com/r/InformedTankie/comments/phbsea/this_recent_essay_is_circulating_widely_all_over/)
 - [A history of feminism in China](https://lemmygrad.ml/post/412635/comment/306770)
@@ -688,8 +688,8 @@
 - The extradition bill came about when a [man from Hong Kong killed his pregnant girlfriend while in holiday in Taiwan.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/c1nxga/opinions_on_hong_kong_protests/ered9wl/) [1](https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3008099/sentence-man-who-killed-girlfriend-taiwan-sets) He fled back to Hong Kong. Taiwan asked for him to be extradited, but Hong Kong did not have an extradition treaty with Taiwan, so the administration in Hong Kong proposed a bill that would allow Taiwan, the PRC, and Macau to request extradition, which the judiciary in Hong Kong can then approve. [There were 49 crimes that were to be included in the bill that would allow extradition requests.](https://qz.com/1636663/the-37-crimes-included-in-hong-kongs-proposed-extradition-law/) Some of these were financial crimes (Hong Kong is a popular tax haven for billionaires), and the Capitalists in Hong Kong shit themselves because they are often in breach of PRC law, but protected by Hong Kong's independence as a Special Administrative Region. This bill is completely reasonable, and any fears of the PRC taking over or of the extradition of 'political' criminals is unfounded. The US is encouraging the organizers to keep protesting in order to provoke the administration in Hong Kong to crack down on them, so that they can blame China and keep up their propaganda narrative that 'CHINA BAD!' [More here.](https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3008099/sentence-man-who-killed-girlfriend-taiwan-sets)
 - [AntiConquista - the History of Hong Kong, and the nature of the protest movement, and who's funding it.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=hY8rCElJ4nQ)
 - [The Hong Kong Protests: Irrational chaos](https://youtube.com/watch?v=PCokRDKR89c).
-- [Bayarea415 on The Hong Kong Protests, and color revolutions](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ClKkoteV1ts).
-- [Hong Kong - The Protest movement unmasked. (Also gets into the inequality and housing crisis driving the movement)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=0CUgy-Hzyfo&local=1&nojs=0&player_style=youtube&quality=dash)
+- [Bayarea415 on The Hong Kong Protests, and color revolutions](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ClKkoteV1ts).
+- [Hong Kong - The Protest movement unmasked. (Also gets into the inequality and housing crisis driving the movement)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=0CUgy-Hzyfo)
 - [The US has admitted that it’s funding the protests](https://www.globalresearch.ca/us-now-admits-funding-occupy-central-hong-kong/5405680). [Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor and HKCTU, along with 68 other Hong Kong “democratic right” organizations earn hundreds of thousands every year from State Department funded NGOs.](https://twitter.com/redniangzijun/status/1137901349750939648)
 - [American government officials caught ON CAMERA colluding with HK protest leaders.](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/cndqwh/hk_protest_leaders_caught_meeting_with_us_chief/?utm_source=share&utm_medium=ios_app)
 - [American Government NGOs fuel Hong Kong Protests](https://www.mintpressnews.com/hong-kong-protests/259202/).
@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@
 - [China’s Social Credit System, and how it isn't actually Black Mirror and how you should stop using facile pop cultural references to demonize countries you haven't bothered to understand.](https://mobile.twitter.com/isgoodrum/status/975536363364696064?lang=en)
 - [The US has more CCTV's per capita than China.](https://aithority.com/news/top-10-countries-and-cities-by-number-of-cctv-cameras/#:%7E:text=The%20United%20States%20has%2015.28,the%20United%20Kingdom%20with%207.5.&text=Russia%20has%20around%20196%2C000%20CCTV,Petersburg.)
 - The US's credit score system is vastly more influential and detrimental to a majority of its population than China's social credit system, [which largely doesn't even exist](https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/11/16/chinas-orwellian-social-credit-score-isnt-real/), and where it does exist it is [only used to target businesses](https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/09/15/china-social-credit-system-authoritarian/).
-- [numuves - How the US dominates tech](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgzB4_Zw3RE)
+- [numuves - How the US dominates tech](https://youtube.com/watch?v=EgzB4_Zw3RE)
 - [On the great firewall, and china not allowing US taech companies. ](https://mobile.twitter.com/Mango_Press_/status/1423263749302067202)
 
 ### What's going on with the Uyghurs?
@@ -718,18 +718,18 @@
 - [XinJiang: Facts vs Fiction.](https://medium.com/@leohezhao/xinjiang-facts-vs-fiction-bdc2aa403c91)
 - [A Pakistani Diplomat given full access to “re-education camps” and this is what she found](https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/422970-pakistani-diplomat-narrates-visit-to-chinas-xinjiang).
   - Despite claims of "erasing Uyghur culture", [they stated](https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/422970-pakistani-diplomat-narrates-visit-to-chinas-xinjiang): "I did not find any instance of forced labor or cultural and religious repression. The imams we met at the mosques and the students and teachers at the Xinjiang Islamic Institute told us that they enjoy freedom in practicing Islam and that the Chinese government extends support for maintenance of mosques all over Xinjiang. [...]The most visible sign of protection of Uyghur culture by the government is the government-run bilingual kindergarten schools where children learn Putonghua as well as Uyghur language and culture from a very young age."
-  - The grandaughters of Rebiya Kadeer (Once the richest woman in Xinjiang, and now a member of the "Uyghur world congress", an org claiming that China is oppressing Uyghurs), [talking about how their grandmother is lying about Xinjiang.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeEFuGnbV-s)
+  - The grandaughters of Rebiya Kadeer (Once the richest woman in Xinjiang, and now a member of the "Uyghur world congress", an org claiming that China is oppressing Uyghurs), [talking about how their grandmother is lying about Xinjiang.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=aeEFuGnbV-s)
 - [Egyptian media delegates provide a detailed insight of the situation in Xinjiang](https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/430738-egyptian-media-delegates-provide-a-detailed-insight-of-the-situation-in-xinjiang)
 - [A majority of Muslim countries support China's policies in XinJiang](https://i.imgur.com/Cks29xL.jpg), [and don't believe the western lies told about it.](https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2019/07/278860/arab-muslim-majority-countries-china-mistreatment-uighurs/). [54 Countries in total](http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1168522.shtml). [2](http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2019-07/13/c_138222183.htm), [3](https://www.cnsnews.com/news/article/patrick-goodenough/china-thanks-37-countries-including-islamic-states-praising-its), [4](http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1159357.shtml) Supporters: Algeria, Angola, Bahrain, Belarus, Bolivia, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Comoros, Congo, Cuba, DR Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Gabon, Kuwait, Laos, Nigeria, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, Turkmenistan, UAE, Venezuela, Zimbabwe.
 - [China's policies in the Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region lift 1.85 million people out of poverty from 2014-2017.](http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-10/24/c_137554986.htm?source=post_page---------------------------)
-- [Dan Cohen - Is China committing genocide? Behind the US goverments propaganda campaign.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hjurb61SZgk)
+- [Dan Cohen - Is China committing genocide? Behind the US goverments propaganda campaign.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Hjurb61SZgk)
 - [Redsails - The Xinjiang atrocity propaganda blitz](https://redsails.org/the-xinjiang-atrocity-propaganda-blitz/)
 - [RodericDay - A thread about the key sources for Uyghur Genocide (Especially Adrian Zenz).](https://threadreaderapp.com/thread/1287411708374454273.html)
 - [Chollima report - Who is Adrian Zenz? The Christian Fundamentalist Leading the Global Xinjiang Narrative](https://chollima.org/who-is-adrian-zenz-the-christian-fundamentalist-leading-the-global-xinjiang-narrative/)
-- [BayArea415 - american debunks major western propaganda on Uyghurs and Xinjiang](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8yURIS7S9zg)
+- [BayArea415 - american debunks major western propaganda on Uyghurs and Xinjiang](https://youtube.com/watch?v=8yURIS7S9zg)
 - [Dr. Asata Bair - The six basic problems of the Uyghur genocide narrative.](https://nitter.cc/i/status/1367632236007202819)
-- [Nuance - The sad truth about Muslims in China.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPxZfqcKPF0)
-- [The Xinjiang "Genocide" - an excerpt from the Genocide panel.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mH-0l_zToN4)
+- [Nuance - The sad truth about Muslims in China.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=BPxZfqcKPF0)
+- [The Xinjiang "Genocide" - an excerpt from the Genocide panel.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=mH-0l_zToN4)
 - [TheCanadaFiles - Subcommittee report declaring “Uighur Genocide” dominated by researchers and groups funded by CIA cut-out, National Endowment for Democracy.](https://www.thecanadafiles.com/articles/subcommittee-report-declaring-uighur-genocide-dominated-by-researchers-and-groups-funded-by-cia-cut-out-national-endowment-for-democracy)
 - [US fuels terrorism in China.](https://journal-neo.org/2018/10/24/us-fueling-terrorism-in-china/)
 - [Wiki on the Turkestan Islamic Party (has a full list of terrorist attacks committed by east turkestan separatists)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkistan_Islamic_Party)
@@ -737,9 +737,9 @@
 - [The TiP militants fighting in Syria.](https://apnews.com/article/591f9b238c84477b87cfac68bfe169fc)
 - [Alan Macleod - In 2018 the US Was at War With Uyghur Terrorists. Now It Claims They Don’t Even Exist.](https://www.mintpressnews.com/us-was-at-war-uyghur-terrorists-now-claims-etim-doesnt-exist/276916/)
 - [China’s Xinjiang Problem – Made in USA](https://journal-neo.org/2015/11/10/chinas-xinjiang-problem-made-in-usa/).
-- [Numeves: US Col Wilkerson - Why the US is in Afghanistan and Pakistan, in 2 minutes.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4N385vKhXYQ)
-- [US Col Lawrence Wilkerson admits to USA involvement in fomenting civil unrest in Xinjiang China using Uighurs.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=00Cvx0R8iDo)
-- [Former FBI Agent turned whistleblower Sibel Edmonds talks about how US-funded Gladio operatives from Turkey have been smuggling out young Uyghurs, turning them into militants, and sending them back to poorer areas in Xinjiang to commit terrorist attacks, as part of an effort to destabilize Xinjiang and disrupt Chinese trade.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gIKdsAlWcE)
+- [Numeves: US Col Wilkerson - Why the US is in Afghanistan and Pakistan, in 2 minutes.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=4N385vKhXYQ)
+- [US Col Lawrence Wilkerson admits to USA involvement in fomenting civil unrest in Xinjiang China using Uighurs.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=00Cvx0R8iDo)
+- [Former FBI Agent turned whistleblower Sibel Edmonds talks about how US-funded Gladio operatives from Turkey have been smuggling out young Uyghurs, turning them into militants, and sending them back to poorer areas in Xinjiang to commit terrorist attacks, as part of an effort to destabilize Xinjiang and disrupt Chinese trade.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=6gIKdsAlWcE)
 - [No, the UN did not report China has ‘massive internment camps’ for Uighur Muslims](https://thegrayzone.com/2018/08/23/un-did-not-report-china-internment-camps-uighur-muslims/).
 - [What about Democracy now and the Intercept's claims about the Uyghur camps?](https://medium.com/@rainershea612/liberal-anti-chinese-propaganda-helped-create-the-far-right-campaign-to-blame-china-for-covid-19-7253dca6f429)
 - [The better cotton initiative, a global advocacy group for cotton laborers, found that no forced labor was taking place in Xinjiang.](https://www.dimsumdaily.hk/better-cotton-initiative-bci-in-shanghai-reiterates-no-forced-labour-found-in-xinjiang/)
@@ -751,22 +751,22 @@
 - [If China Is Anti-Islam, Why Are These Chinese Muslims Enjoying a Faith Revival?](https://time.com/3099950/china-muslim-hui-xinjiang-uighur-islam/)
 - [A New York Times "expose" of re-education centers in Xinjiang lied and mistranslated every claim.](https://www.quora.com/What-would-be-the-consequences-of-the-New-York-Times-expose-on-Xinjiang/answer/Jamin-Chen-1)
 - [Reddit holds an AMA](https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/e9ad4n/i_am_rushan_abbas_uyghur_activist_and_survivor_of/) for an "Uyghur Activist", who turns out to be [Rushan Abbas](https://web.archive.org/web/20181207031224/https://www.isi-consultants.com/rushan-abbas/), a CIA agent who worked for Homeland Security, Department of Defense, Department of State, Department of Justice, and various U.S. intelligence agencies, and even worked at Guantanamo bay, the US muslim torture camp. [1](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/e9crzq/shit_liberals_do_claim_to_be_an_uyghur_survivor/) [2](https://medium.com/@rsahthion/a-reddit-ama-claiming-to-be-a-uiyghur-quickly-exposes-a-cia-asset-slandering-china-1d667c098b77)
-- [Reddit holds yet another AMA with Sophie Richardson, the "China director" at the US soft-power regime-change agency Human Rights Watch. The comments expose her as not speaking chinese, and spreading blatant lies about China.](https://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/hwi7ub/i_am_sophie_richardson_china_director_at_human/) [2](https://web.archive.org/web/20200924183937/https://old.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/hwi7ub/i_am_sophie_richardson_china_director_at_human/)
+- [Reddit holds yet another AMA with Sophie Richardson, the "China director" at the US soft-power regime-change agency Human Rights Watch. The comments expose her as not speaking chinese, and spreading blatant lies about China.](https://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/hwi7ub/i_am_sophie_richardson_china_director_at_human/) [2](https://web.archive.org/web/20200924183937/https://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/hwi7ub/i_am_sophie_richardson_china_director_at_human/)
 - [Reddit holds another AMA with a grifting author, Amelia Pang](https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/m99tvp/im_the_author_of_made_in_china_a_prisoner_an_sos/), who wrote a NYTimes best selling book about going undercover into an Uyghur prison. It turns out that she worked for the Epoch Times for many years, and also never visited or talked with a single prisoner. Her book is based on extrapolations from a 1991 film. She leaves the AMA after leaving all the top questions unanswered.
 - [A case study in Anti-Chinese racism.](https://medium.com/@rsahthion/a-case-study-in-racist-anti-chinese-sentiment-fuelled-by-american-bots-and-western-propaganda-f0a69978d568)
 - [Debunking an article from the intercept about Uyghurs.](https://twitter.com/RodericDay/status/1355383514137554944?s=20)
 - [A debunk of a buzzfeed article that used google maps as its primary source.](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/nxvkx2/with_buzzfeed_winning_the_pulitzer_prize_for/h1h164l/)
 - [Zenz makes a claim that 500,000 tibetans (1 out of every 3 working age Tibetans) are in forced labor camps.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/ixmy9p/china_has_somehow_put_16_of_the_entire_tibetan/)
 - [Breaking down the BBC's visit to XinJiang.](https://medium.com/@sunfeiyang/breaking-down-the-bbcs-visit-to-hotan-xinjiang-e284934a7aab)
-- [BBC gets caught doctoring an image from a vlogger in China to make it look depressing, then quietly reverts their change after getting caught.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eS8EceIa1MQ)
+- [BBC gets caught doctoring an image from a vlogger in China to make it look depressing, then quietly reverts their change after getting caught.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=eS8EceIa1MQ)
 - [A rebuttal of a Guardian article by Gulbahar Haitiwaji](https://twitter.com/moghilemear13/status/1351397520358957058) [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/kwew3n/contradictions_in_the_new_uighur_story_by/)
 - [A short, shareable version on why this isn't a genocide - cynthiakao](https://www.tiktok.com/@cynthiakao/video/6945108711006309638)
 - [Italian Government's report on human rights in Xinjiang](https://idi-international.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/New-Report.pdf)
-- [Buzzfeed says this Xinjiang detention camp has 10,000 Uighurs. It's 3 times smaller than an American prison with 10,000 people and is consistent with how big a normal prison (for criminals) would be given the population.](https://old.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/jcteui/buzzfeed_says_this_xinjiang_detention_camp_has/)
+- [Buzzfeed says this Xinjiang detention camp has 10,000 Uighurs. It's 3 times smaller than an American prison with 10,000 people and is consistent with how big a normal prison (for criminals) would be given the population.](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/jcteui/buzzfeed_says_this_xinjiang_detention_camp_has/)
 - [There are more mosques in Xinjiang alone than in the EU. with sources](https://lemmygrad.ml/post/33375)
-- [1 million detanees is heard again and again. You’d need a detention city the size of San Francisco to detain one million Uighurs. So where is it?](https://old.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/i9k4hb/youd_need_a_detention_city_the_size_of_san/)
-- [Xinjiang Uyghur Human Rights Issue Proved To Be A Plot By The Whistleblower](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6gIKdsAlWcE)
-- [Citizens of Xinjiang Speak](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkbOIKUddMBtp0_xEFqn4zey48kkgJq5w)
+- [1 million detanees is heard again and again. You’d need a detention city the size of San Francisco to detain one million Uighurs. So where is it?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Sino/comments/i9k4hb/youd_need_a_detention_city_the_size_of_san/)
+- [Xinjiang Uyghur Human Rights Issue Proved To Be A Plot By The Whistleblower](https://youtube.com/watch?v=6gIKdsAlWcE)
+- [Citizens of Xinjiang Speak](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkbOIKUddMBtp0_xEFqn4zey48kkgJq5w)
 - [The Xinjiang Atrocity Propaganda Blitz](https://redsails.org/the-xinjiang-atrocity-propaganda-blitz/)
 - [World Bank Statement on Review of Project in Xinjiang, China](https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/statement/2019/11/11/world-bank-statement-on-review-of-project-in-xinjiang-china)
 - [Breaking down another 2022 BBC "leak" of Uyghur oppression.](https://mobile.twitter.com/Cinqscories/status/1529035490032340993)
@@ -793,10 +793,10 @@
 - [There was a Spanish television crew that covered the entire Tiananmen Square incident as it unfolded. Their footage showed that there was no massacre. A few things worthy of pointing out - Liu Xiaobo and Hou Dejian, both student leaders of the Tiananmen protests, have been recorded as saying that they never saw anyone killed at the protests.](https://vimeo.com/448970787)
 - [The protest movement followed the line of "color revolutions", in which the US tried to destabilize and create counter-revolutions in eastern Europe and Latin America after the fall of the USSR. The strategy was to stir division within and without, by inundating the media with news of massacres of "peaceful", pro-capitalist / market reformers.](http://www.fightbacknews.org/2019/6/4/reflections-tiananmen-square-and-attempt-end-chinese-socialism)
 - [The defeat of a counter revolution in China](https://frso.org/main-documents/looking-back-at-tiananmen-square-the-defeat-of-counter-revolution-in-china/).
-- [Interviews from some of the student leaders.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vu3zmbFGwQA)
-- [An account from a resident.](https://old.reddit.com/r/AskAChinese/comments/grdaqv/thoughts_on_tiananmen_square_massacre/g45hnv0)
-- [Tiananmen Square "Massacre", A Propaganda Hoax](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6RT_s1T050).
-- [The truth about the Tiananmen square protests](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sqPI8xlnrwg)
+- [Interviews from some of the student leaders.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Vu3zmbFGwQA)
+- [An account from a resident.](https://www.reddit.com/r/AskAChinese/comments/grdaqv/thoughts_on_tiananmen_square_massacre/g45hnv0)
+- [Tiananmen Square "Massacre", A Propaganda Hoax](https://youtube.com/watch?v=R6RT_s1T050).
+- [The truth about the Tiananmen square protests](https://youtube.com/watch?v=sqPI8xlnrwg)
 
 ### What is Radio Free Asia?
 
@@ -827,11 +827,11 @@
 ## On Cuba
 
 - [A Cuba and Fidel Megathread.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/cfu81s/cuba_and_fidel_castro_megathread/)
-- [Just how socialist was/is Cuba?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2n372o/just_how_socialist_wasis_cuba/)
-- [Why, in your opinion, have most attempts to form countries based economically on communism and socialism (USSR, Cuba, China) fail?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1f8obt/honestly_not_trolling_why_in_your_opinion_have/)
-- [In defence of (and questions about) Cuba](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/x3qtw/in_defence_of_and_questions_about_cuba/)
-- [Did the cuban people like Fidel Castro?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2Obp6YS4SY)
-- [Multiple questions about Cuba](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2pg82b/multiple_questions_about_cuba/)
+- [Just how socialist was/is Cuba?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2n372o/just_how_socialist_wasis_cuba/)
+- [Why, in your opinion, have most attempts to form countries based economically on communism and socialism (USSR, Cuba, China) fail?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1f8obt/honestly_not_trolling_why_in_your_opinion_have/)
+- [In defence of (and questions about) Cuba](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/x3qtw/in_defence_of_and_questions_about_cuba/)
+- [Did the cuban people like Fidel Castro?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=P2Obp6YS4SY)
+- [Multiple questions about Cuba](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2pg82b/multiple_questions_about_cuba/)
 - [Did the US really think Castro was a dictator? Answer: No.](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/87tto3/i_submitted_a_til_about_fidel_castros_hatred_for/dwgpg7d/)
 - [Why did people flee Cuba / Did Cuba have a famine in the 1990s?](https://www.reddit.com/r/DebateCommunism/comments/8yc2ak/if_cuba_is_a_decenthighquality_state_why_werent/e29so7h/)
 - [Did Fidel Castro persecute gay / LGBT people? What about the UMAP prisons?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Anarchy101/comments/8kxgul/what_do_anarchists_think_of_the_castro_regime/dzc2wp8/)
@@ -855,18 +855,18 @@
 
 ## On North Korea / the DPRK
 
-- [Is north korea a totalitarian dictatorship? Are they all really required to get the same haircut? A short documentary.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2BO83Ig-E8E)
+- [Is north korea a totalitarian dictatorship? Are they all really required to get the same haircut? A short documentary.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=2BO83Ig-E8E)
 - [South Korea boosts reward for defectors to $860k USD](https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39170614).
-- [Are north korean defectors really paid to lie by the south? A short documentary.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ktE_3PrJZO0&feature=youtu.be)
+- [Are north korean defectors really paid to lie by the south? A short documentary.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ktE_3PrJZO0)
 - [What is everyday life like? A conversation with a North Korean Citizen.](https://cym.ie/2018/05/28/a-conversation-with-a-north-korean-citizen/)
 - [Is the DPRK really a monarchy? How does its political system work?](https://writetorebel.com/2017/03/28/socialism-and-democracy-in-the-dprk/)
-- [Why do some communists support the DPRK?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ypwmd/why_do_some_communists_support_the_dprk/)
-- [What exactly is Juche?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1y172i/what_exactly_is_juche/)
-- [Is the DPRK socialist?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ygskq/is_the_dprk_socialist/)
-- [How do elections work in the DPRK?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1zzeri/how_do_elections_work_in_the_dprk/)
-- [Human rights and the DPRK](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1tb5ho/human_rights_and_the_dprk/)
-- [What evidence is there than DPRK is not engaged in gross violations of human rights?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2mfq2m/what_evidence_is_there_than_dprk_is_not_engaged/)
-- [Can someone explain Songbun (Caste system) of the DPRK to me?](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2dqtn3/can_someone_explain_songbun_caste_system_of_the/)
+- [Why do some communists support the DPRK?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ypwmd/why_do_some_communists_support_the_dprk/)
+- [What exactly is Juche?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1y172i/what_exactly_is_juche/)
+- [Is the DPRK socialist?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1ygskq/is_the_dprk_socialist/)
+- [How do elections work in the DPRK?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1zzeri/how_do_elections_work_in_the_dprk/)
+- [Human rights and the DPRK](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/1tb5ho/human_rights_and_the_dprk/)
+- [What evidence is there than DPRK is not engaged in gross violations of human rights?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2mfq2m/what_evidence_is_there_than_dprk_is_not_engaged/)
+- [Can someone explain Songbun (Caste system) of the DPRK to me?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2dqtn3/can_someone_explain_songbun_caste_system_of_the/)
 - [What about Otto Warmbier?](https://nypost.com/2017/09/26/coroners-report-for-otto-warmbier-shows-no-signs-of-torture/)[2](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/awuok8/with_all_of_the_news_about_north_korea_going/)
 
 ### [Do North Koreans believe in unicorns and think Kim Jong-Un is immortal?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/wiki/debunk#wiki_anti-communist_myth_number_1.3A_north_koreans_believe_in_unicorns_and_they_think_kim_jong-un_is_immortal)
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@
 - [_Korea Resilient! Socialism in Democratic Korea_](http://return2source.wordpress.com/2012/01/17/korea-resilient-socialism-in-democratic-korea/) by Vince Sherman
 - [_How to Think about Socialism in Korea_](https://mltoday.com/article/1302-how-to-think-about-socialism-in-korea/)
 - [_Understanding North Korea_](http://www.globalresearch.ca/understanding-north-korea/3818) by Stephen Gowans
-- [_A Model of Democratic and Participatory Socialist Planning_](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/2kwid3/a_model_of_democratic_and_participatory_socialist/) by MasCapital
+- [_A Model of Democratic and Participatory Socialist Planning_](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/2kwid3/a_model_of_democratic_and_participatory_socialist/) by MasCapital
 - [_Constitution of the DPRK_](http://www.kfausa.org/dprk-constitution/)
 - [_Socialist Korea: A Case Study in the Strategy of Economic Development_](http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=6b0447bc14808161362b828aee0a284a) by Brun and Hersch
 - [_Interview: Understanding and Defending North Korea_](http://www.invent-the-future.org/2013/11/understanding-north-korea/)
@@ -889,17 +889,17 @@
 
 ### Further reading
 
-- [Essential readings on the Juche idea and the Korean revolution](http://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2pil0z/what_are_some_essential_readings_on_the_juche_idea/)
+- [Essential readings on the Juche idea and the Korean revolution](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/2pil0z/what_are_some_essential_readings_on_the_juche_idea/)
 - [E-Library on the DPRK](http://www.korea-dpr.com/e_library.html)
 
 ## On Venezuela
 
-- [What's going on with venezuela? Rebuttal to John Oliver's venezuela show, and overview of the situation in Venezeula](https://www.bitchute.com/video/HmgCqjDblLP0/). [Censored youtube link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fV-C1Ag5sI).
-- [An ocean of lies about VZ.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ii5MlQgGXyk)
+- [What's going on with venezuela? Rebuttal to John Oliver's venezuela show, and overview of the situation in Venezeula](https://www.bitchute.com/video/HmgCqjDblLP0/). [Censored youtube link](https://youtube.com/watch?v=_fV-C1Ag5sI).
+- [An ocean of lies about VZ.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ii5MlQgGXyk)
 - [What about the US trying to send aid to VZ? The US has blocked the shipment of Insulin](https://venezuelanalysis.com/analysis/14111), Dialysis, and [Malaria medicine.](https://venezuelanalysis.com/ANALYSIS/13529)
-- [Who's crashing Venezuelas economy?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqHzDLSl8U4)
-- [Capitalist sabotage in Venezuela](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk1qlKu_RJo).
-- [What about the black markets?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YUYWrPiUeWY&feature=youtu.be)
+- [Who's crashing Venezuelas economy?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YqHzDLSl8U4)
+- [Capitalist sabotage in Venezuela](https://youtube.com/watch?v=rk1qlKu_RJo).
+- [What about the black markets?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YUYWrPiUeWY)
 - [Are the people in VZ really starving?](https://monthlyreview.org/2018/06/01/the-politics-of-food-in-venezuela/)
 - [Are the US after venezuela's oil reserves?](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/comments/afdi29/empire_files_venezuela_supermarkets_to_black/edxw7mz/)
 - [Whats going on in Venezuela?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism101/comments/66f7u5/eli5_comrades_what_is_the_situation_in_venezuela/)
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@
 
 ### Whats so bad about Bill Gates?
 
-- [He's a philanthro-capitalist imperialist: using the bill and melinda gates foundation charity as a bargaining chip to work in the interests of billionaire elites.](https://www.liberationnews.org/real-agenda-gates-foundation/) [Youtube Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZsjovp13f1xCA-4ewzOdqd)
+- [He's a philanthro-capitalist imperialist: using the bill and melinda gates foundation charity as a bargaining chip to work in the interests of billionaire elites.](https://www.liberationnews.org/real-agenda-gates-foundation/) [Youtube Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZsjovp13f1xCA-4ewzOdqd)
   - [Gates spearheads the neoliberal plunder of African Agriculture.](https://theecologist.org/2016/jan/21/gates-foundation-spearheading-neoliberal-plunder-african-agriculture)
   - The Gates foundation tests pharmaceutical products on humans for profit, usually in poorer countries without regulatory bodies. [One such mass test, on behalf of Merck and Pfizer, of a harmful HPV vaccine on 23,000 girls in india kills 7 girls, sterilizes hundreds more, and leads to public outrage.](https://m.economictimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/healthcare/controversial-vaccine-studies-why-is-bill-melinda-gates-foundation-under-fire-from-critics-in-india/amp_articleshow/41280050.cms)
   - The Gates foundation helps big pharma find test markets for their drugs, selling them in the global south. This includes drugs such as Gardasil, Norplant, Cervarix. A South African newspaper declared: “We are guinea pigs for the drugmakers.” In the case of Gardasil, the drug-pushing was cloaked in the language of environmentalism, popular empowerment, and feminism. Melinda Gates evoked “choice” in support of her family planning initiatives, but in reality was not poor women, but a handful of the world’s wealthiest people who have presumed to choose which methods of contraception will be delivered, and to whom.
@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@
   - 8 variations of “Jewish?” (Charlie Chaplin), “Polish Jew, (Tom Driberg)” “English Jew,” or “Jewess.”
   - [Paul Robeson](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Robeson) - "ROBESON, Paul (US Negro) ...Very anti-white. [Henry] Wallace supporter."
     - Paul Robeson wasn't anti-white, just look at the welsh coal miners for whom Robeson Campaigned.
-    - [The testimony of Paul Robeson](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmFjjaFNHKo) (one of the people Orwell snitched on), to HUAC (House of Unamerican activities committee) during the red scare.
+    - [The testimony of Paul Robeson](https://youtube.com/watch?v=kmFjjaFNHKo) (one of the people Orwell snitched on), to HUAC (House of Unamerican activities committee) during the red scare.
   - [Stephen Spender](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Spender) - "Sentimental sympathiser... Tendency towards homosexuality"
   - [Hugh MacDiarmid](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_MacDiarmid), Scottish nationalist poet, and anti-imperialist.
   - [George Padmore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Padmore), Trinidadian journalist and anti-imperialist campaigner.
@@ -993,9 +993,9 @@
 https://web.archive.org/web/20230728092729/https://apnews.com/general-news-f40d8c2c7d8d4ffeadd576ded89acc0c
 https://web.archive.org/web/20221222165322/https://www.mkgandhi.org/mynonviolence/chap27.htm
 
-- [Was Gandhi really a racist? What about Gandhi's legacy? A great lecture by Arundati Roy.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrN8PgZzc6k)
+- [Was Gandhi really a racist? What about Gandhi's legacy? A great lecture by Arundati Roy.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=CrN8PgZzc6k)
 - Gandhi believed that the Jews should have submitted to suffering voluntarily at the hands of the Nazis since that would have brought them brought ["them an inner strength and joy which no number of resolutions of sympathy passed in the world outside Germany can"](https://web.archive.org/web/20221222165322/https://www.mkgandhi.org/mynonviolence/chap27.htm). ["The Jews should have offered themselves to the butcher’s knife. [...] It would have aroused the world and the people of Germany ... as it is, they succumbed anyway in their millions."](https://web.archive.org/web/20230728092729/https://apnews.com/general-news-f40d8c2c7d8d4ffeadd576ded89acc0c)
-- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/). [Youtube Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
+- [Red Phoenix - Pacifism - How to do the enemy's job for them](https://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/08/11/pacifism-how-to-do-the-enemys-job-for-them/). [Youtube Audiobook](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GxrO7p-6w_k&list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ5IIhnzFBOImzySh827FyK)
 - "Can the hungry go on a hunger strike? Non-violence is a piece of theatre. You need an audience. What can you do when you have no audience? People have the right to resist annihilation." - Arundhati Roy.
 - [Gandhi was a pedophile, sleeping even with his own grand-niece](https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2013/10/gandhi-used-power-position-exploit-young-women-way-react-matters-even-today/).
 
@@ -1018,7 +1018,7 @@ https://web.archive.org/web/20221222165322/https://www.mkgandhi.org/mynonviolenc
 
 - [Supports US imperialism](https://leftistcritic.wordpress.com/2017/01/31/bernie-sanders-an-imperialist-worth-despising/). [2](https://www.alternet.org/election-2016/bernie-sanders-troubling-history-supporting-us-military-violence-abroad)
   - [Voted for US intervention](https://i.imgur.com/HCvaDLp.jpg) in the following nations: Afghanistan, Lebanon, [Libya](https://www.leftvoice.org/not-on-our-side-on-bernie-sanders-and-imperialism), [Somalia](http://votesmart.org/bill/2732/7934/27110/bernie-sanders-voted-yea-passage-with-amendment-s-j-res-45-authorization-for-use-of-%20us-armed-forces-in-somalia#7934), Syria, Yemen, [Yugoslavia](http://www.libertyunionparty.org/?page_id=363),[2](http://votesmart.org/bill/2808/7948/27110/bosnia-troop-deployment-resolution#.Ve5QZkvJyhG), Bosnia, Haiti, Congo, Liberia, Sudan, and Ukraine.
-  - [Warmongers on the Bill O'Reilley show for the US to intervene against Russia, Syria, and China.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EO4Ko-v-q0g&feature=youtu.be&t=2m12s)
+  - [Warmongers on the Bill O'Reilley show for the US to intervene against Russia, Syria, and China.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=EO4Ko-v-q0g&t=2m12s)
   - [Votes with the rest of the US senate to send $40B in weaponry to Ukraine.](https://mobile.twitter.com/mtracey/status/1527359801746853902)
   - [Supports drone bombing: "They have, at times, been effective."](https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/bernie-sanders-people-responding-message/story?id=33413601). Another interview: ["Drones have done some good things. They've been selective; they've taken out people who should be taken out"](https://www.telesurenglish.net/news/Bernie-Sanders-Drones-Have-Done-Some-Good-Things-20160330-0006.html)
   - Staunchly supports Israel in their displacement of Palestinians (while blaming hamas for the conflict). [Says he will not move back the US embassy in Israel back from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv, after Trump moved it the previous year.](https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/why-bernie-sanders-still-encouraging-israels-crimes)
@@ -1029,11 +1029,11 @@ https://web.archive.org/web/20221222165322/https://www.mkgandhi.org/mynonviolenc
   - [Praises the Hong Kong protestors, tells China to back off.](https://imgur.com/mwsMLSS)
   - [After the Jan 2020 US assassination of Iranian general Soleimani, Sanders showed remorse for the "4500 brave US troops who died", and trillions of dollars spent on the war in Iraq, instead of the 1M Iraqi civilians killed.](https://i.imgur.com/vRHPO9K.jpg)
   - [Calls for Russia to pardon white-nationalist Alexei Navalny](https://i.imgur.com/8R84SWi.png).
-- [Bernie is against open borders](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vf-k6qOfXz0), believes in strong border and anti-immigration policies. [2](https://i.imgur.com/WcQ8bNQ.jpg)
+- [Bernie is against open borders](https://youtube.com/watch?v=vf-k6qOfXz0), believes in strong border and anti-immigration policies. [2](https://i.imgur.com/WcQ8bNQ.jpg)
   - When asked about the 2018 Migrant caravan, where Border agents tear gassed migrants, Bernie replied, ["not all migrants seeking asylum at the US-Mexico border have a credible claim. "You have to look at it case-by-case."](https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/418398-bernie-sanders-some-migrants-lack-credible-claim-for-asylum)
   - [Believes that Russians are to blame for the failure of US democracy. "Protecting american democracy from foreign invasion."](https://i.imgur.com/GkSXsZY.jpg). [2020 Campaign trail: "Americans are sick and tired of Russian intereferenc in our elections"](https://twitter.com/thehill/status/1230994357236322304)
-- [Why Sanders is not a socialist - Anticonquista ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbcrJT485r8)
-- [Shills for democrats, campaigned for Hillary Clinton.](https://www.newyorker.com/news/amy-davidson/bernie-sanderss-hard-fight-for-hillary-clinton) After conceding the 2020 democratic primary to Joe Biden (even after Tara Reide's rape allegations against Biden surfaced), [Sanders tells his supporters that it would be "irresponsible" for progressives to not support Joe Biden.](https://communism.lemmy.ml/pictshare/2dfdmn.png) His support for Biden comes 2 months earlier than the last election when he supported Hillary. When asked about why one of his former secretaries publicly refused to support Biden, Sanders stated, “She is my former press secretary — not on the payroll”. [2](https://apnews.com/a1bfb62e37fe34e09ff123a58a1329fa). “I will do everything I can to help elect Joe,” Sanders continued. [Says Biden will be "more receptive to progressives than past democrats."](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/09/sanders-biden-more-receptive-to-progressives-than-past-democrats.html) ["I have a better relationship with Joe Biden than I did with Hillary."](https://i.imgur.com/SHJNerc.png) Says ["Biden could be the most progressive President since FDR."](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ieFL8StRyJo)
+- [Why Sanders is not a socialist - Anticonquista ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=VbcrJT485r8)
+- [Shills for democrats, campaigned for Hillary Clinton.](https://www.newyorker.com/news/amy-davidson/bernie-sanderss-hard-fight-for-hillary-clinton) After conceding the 2020 democratic primary to Joe Biden (even after Tara Reide's rape allegations against Biden surfaced), [Sanders tells his supporters that it would be "irresponsible" for progressives to not support Joe Biden.](https://communism.lemmy.ml/pictshare/2dfdmn.png) His support for Biden comes 2 months earlier than the last election when he supported Hillary. When asked about why one of his former secretaries publicly refused to support Biden, Sanders stated, “She is my former press secretary — not on the payroll”. [2](https://apnews.com/a1bfb62e37fe34e09ff123a58a1329fa). “I will do everything I can to help elect Joe,” Sanders continued. [Says Biden will be "more receptive to progressives than past democrats."](https://www.cnbc.com/2020/06/09/sanders-biden-more-receptive-to-progressives-than-past-democrats.html) ["I have a better relationship with Joe Biden than I did with Hillary."](https://i.imgur.com/SHJNerc.png) Says ["Biden could be the most progressive President since FDR."](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ieFL8StRyJo)
 - [Equates socialism with US corporate bailouts.](https://www.leftvoice.org/sanders-speech-explains-his-vision-of-socialism-it-sounds-a-lot-like-new-deal-liberalism)
 - [Thanked Jeff Bezos for deigning to raise amazon wages](https://assets.bwbx.io/images/users/iqjWHBFdfxIU/iqM9uBoBvLLw/v1/600x-1.jpg), Bezos [responds with "you're welcome"](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DohNI5GUUAAin6q.jpg).
 - [In the wake of the George Floyd murder, and the call to defund police, Sanders says the country needs "well-trained, well-educated, and well-paid professionals in police departments."](https://i.imgur.com/48YlZbS.jpg)
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ https://web.archive.org/web/20221222165322/https://www.mkgandhi.org/mynonviolenc
 - [She's a social democrat, not a socialist, fronting for the Democratic party](https://blackagendareport.com/open-letter-socialists-who-might-be-fronting-democratic-party). [2](https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2021/03/30/cort-m30.html)
 - [Danny Haiphong from BlackAgendaReport - On the Obama-ification of "the squad".](https://popularresistance.org/the-obama-fication-of-the-squad-strengthens-the-right-at-the-expense-of-the-left/)
 - [Richard Medhurst - On the squad as a branding exercise, and AOC's support for US bombings and prison camps.](https://twitter.com/richimedhurst/status/1376005285140123648?s=20)
-- [AOC asks all supporters to vote for democrats, including Andrew Cuomo.](https://youtu.be/iaLpyJI0ltg?t=647)
+- [AOC asks all supporters to vote for democrats, including Andrew Cuomo.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=iaLpyJI0ltg?t=647)
 - [AOC says she will vote for Biden in the 2020 election, saying, "I think it’s incredibly important we support the Democratic nominee in November".](https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/494275-ocasio-cortez-says-she-will-vote-for-biden-in-november)
 - Going back on her promise to only back "progressive democrats" after her election to congress in 2018, she [backs Nancy Pelosi for speaker of the house.](https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/ocasio-cortez-backs-pelosi-speaker-dem-rebellion-falters-n939086)
 - [Attacks critics of Biden as being "privileged" and "wanting to reinvent themselves", when she herself used to work for startup incubators. ](https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2021/03/26/aoc-m26.html)
@@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
   - [As part of her tough on crime approach she assigned senior prosecutors to misdemeanors like graffiti and vandalism, tripling the number of cases brought to trial.](https://twitter.com/walkerbragman/status/1146176227797032960)
   - [After a federal judge orders California to expand prison releases to reduce crowding, her office argued in court that if forced to release these inmates early, prisons would lose an important labor pool.](https://www.latimes.com/local/political/la-me-ff-federal-judges-order-state-to-release-more-prisoners-20141114-story.html)
   - Spent years jailing [disproportionately black nonviolent cannabis users](https://afropunk.com/2019/01/kamala-harris-has-been-tough-on-black-people-not-crime/) while [opposing taking cannabis off DEA’s list of most dangerous substances](https://www.jacobinmag.com/2017/08/kamala-harris-trump-obama-california-attorney-general) and [literally laughing at the idea of legalizing it](https://blog.sfgate.com/smellthetruth/2014/08/06/kamala-harris-laughs-at-pot-legalization/) multiple [times](https://twitter.com/WalkerBragman/status/1146174630648057859), even as her [Republican opponent ran to the left of her on the issue.](https://archives.sfweekly.com/thesnitch/2014/10/08/marijuana-advocates-ditch-kamala-harris-for-weed-friendly-republican) She then tried to pander [by admitting to smoking herself despite prosecuting others, but got her story all wrong.](https://www.marijuanamoment.net/kamala-harriss-snoopgate-is-what-a-political-marijuana-controversy-looks-like-in-2019/) [Drug convictions under her office soared, convicting more people of marijuana possession than her predecessor (she also admitted to smoking marijuana)](https://www.mercurynews.com/2019/09/11/kamala-harris-prosecuting-marijuana-cases/) [2](https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-features/kamala-harris-marijuana-policy-tulsi-gabbard-debates-866102/)
-  - [Laughs about threatening parents with jailtime for truancy.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DhJwmIPRmYk) [2](http://archive.is/Hkqdd). [The stories of several mothers she jailed.](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kamala-harris-truancy-arrests-2020-progressive-prosecutor_n_5c995789e4b0f7bfa1b57d2e)
+  - [Laughs about threatening parents with jailtime for truancy.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=DhJwmIPRmYk) [2](http://archive.is/Hkqdd). [The stories of several mothers she jailed.](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kamala-harris-truancy-arrests-2020-progressive-prosecutor_n_5c995789e4b0f7bfa1b57d2e)
   - [Pushed a law that forced schools to turn over undocumented students to ICE.](https://www.huffpost.com/entry/kamala-harris-san-francisco-immigrant-policy_n_5c758153e4b0bf166204509b)
   - [Opposed reforming California’s three-strikes law](https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/reforming-three-strikes/), which is the only one in the country to impose life sentences for minor felonies and incarcerates black people at 12x the rate as white people, [three different times](http://archive.is/I2QPh), even while her [Republican opponent supported reform.](http://archive.is/GZtet)
   - [Tried to deny a transgender inmate healthcare and endangered trans women by forcing them into mens prisons](https://www.washingtonblade.com/2015/05/05/harris-renews-effort-to-block-gender-reassignment-for-trans-inmate/), leading to [the rape and torture of at least one trans inmate.](https://theappeal.org/incarcerated-transgender-womens-lives-must-matter/)
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
 ### Joe Biden
 
 - [Breaks every single campaign promise.](https://twitter.com/nickwestes/status/1369670676299214852?s=20)
-- [Biden on young, black, "super-predators"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=seRaSRZKo2U)
+- [Biden on young, black, "super-predators"](https://youtube.com/watch?v=seRaSRZKo2U)
 - [Biden - "I don't want to defund the police, we need more police. Trump wants to tho"](https://twitter.com/PplsCityCouncil/status/1297035723485323264?s=20) [2](https://twitter.com/BethLynch2020/status/1303377661545324545?s=20)
 - ["I have no plans for defense cuts."](https://www.stripes.com/news/us/biden-says-us-must-maintain-small-force-in-middle-east-has-no-plans-for-major-defense-cuts-1.644631)
 - [He's a confirmed rapist.](https://soundcloud.com/katie-halper/joe-bidens-accuser-finally-tells-her-full-story)
@@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
 - [Biden on George Floyd protesters - "Shoot em in the leg instead of the heart."](https://twitter.com/jaboukie/status/1267565376885448706?s=20) [Then goes on to suggest an additional $300M in funding for police.](https://twitter.com/ajitxsingh/status/1270713176145793024?s=20)
 - [Biden: "Socialism will never happen here. I beat the socialist ( Sanders, who immediately began campaigning for him )"](https://www.mediaite.com/news/joe-biden-torpedoes-bernie-sanders-in-pitch-to-wisconsin-voters-worried-about-socialism-i-beat-the-socialist/)
 - [Biden: "Iraq was a problem that had to be dealt with sooner rather than later."](https://twitter.com/richimedhurst/status/1313831422495465473?s=20)
-- ["Israel is the best 3B dollar investment we have. If Israel didn't exist, we'd have to go out and invent an Israel."](https://youtu.be/vK-nRcnLdMQ)
+- ["Israel is the best 3B dollar investment we have. If Israel didn't exist, we'd have to go out and invent an Israel."](https://youtube.com/watch?v=vK-nRcnLdMQ)
 - [Biden: "I am a Zionist."](https://twitter.com/SarcasmStardust/status/1392825468999684103?s=20)
 - ["If Haiti quietly sunk into the Caribbean, it wouldn't matter a whole lot to our interests."](https://twitter.com/RaniaKhalek/status/1362900547062403072?s=20)
 - [Danny Haiphong - Biden's victory in the 2020 election is still a loss for humanity](https://blackagendareport.com/joe-bidens-victory-still-loss-humanity)
@@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
 - ["Immigration has to be restricted to prevent the rise of Fascism."](https://twitter.com/zei_squirrel/status/1186709823250927616)
 - [Helped work to overthrow Yugoslavia.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Committee_for_the_Defence_of_Human_Rights) [2](https://www.counterpunch.org/2023/01/02/capitalisms-court-jester-slavoj-zizek/)
 - [Thinks socialism died a long time ago in Cuba, that everyone lives there because of a misguided devotion to Castro, and thinks the bolivarian revolution will soon fail.](https://inthesetimes.com/article/the-left-fidelity-castration-slavoj-zizek-fidel-castro-cuba-che-communism)
-- [Defines Marxism: "Marx wanted a return to traditional values."](https://youtu.be/YTCiVDwmZ6U?t=147)
+- [Defines Marxism: "Marx wanted a return to traditional values."](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YTCiVDwmZ6U?t=147)
 - [Comes out in favor of NATO against Russia, in the 2022 Ukraine conflict.](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/may/23/we-must-stop-letting-russia-define-the-terms-of-the-ukraine-crisis)
 - [Argues for a stronger NATO to fight against Russia and for Ukraine.](https://amp.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/jun/21/pacificsm-is-the-wrong-response-to-the-war-in-ukraine)
 - ["Denazification should begin in russia", writing for radio free Europe.](https://www.rferl.org/a/zizek-interview-russia-denazification-ukraine-war/32204259.html)
@@ -1238,12 +1238,12 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
   - [Gave an $85B bailout to automotive giants GM and Chrysler when they requested it in 2009.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_the_2008%E2%80%9310_automotive_industry_crisis_on_the_United_States)
   - [Injected money into the private sector to bailed out wall street](https://www.salon.com/2009/03/20/reich_3/), [2](https://www.thebalance.com/obama-tax-cuts-3306330) with his [top-down 2009 ARRA stimulus package](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Recovery_and_Reinvestment_Act_of_2009).
   - [Extended Bush-Era corporate tax rates, 1% increased their share of US wealth immensely during his term.](https://itep.org/federal-tax-cuts-in-the-bush-obama-and-trump-years/)
-  - At an elite gala for wealthy oil execs, [he tells them to "just say thank you"](https://therealnews.com/columns/obama-tells-wall-street-to-thank-him-for-making-so-much-money-at-elite-gala-with-top-bush-reagan-official), for turning the US into the world's largest oil producer and making them all richer. [He approves a 117M ton expansion of coal production](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlmT_UVxKNI), outraging climate activists.
+  - At an elite gala for wealthy oil execs, [he tells them to "just say thank you"](https://therealnews.com/columns/obama-tells-wall-street-to-thank-him-for-making-so-much-money-at-elite-gala-with-top-bush-reagan-official), for turning the US into the world's largest oil producer and making them all richer. [He approves a 117M ton expansion of coal production](https://youtube.com/watch?v=IlmT_UVxKNI), outraging climate activists.
 - Obama went back on his campaign promise for a single-payer health care system, and removed the public option from his ACA ( a proposal mostly taken from Mitt Romney, and written by health-care industry moguls), which granted massive subsidies to empower the parasitic health insurance industry ( [~1.2 Trillion USD](https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-industry-overview) ), forcing those unable to afford insurance to pay a $700 yearly fee for not having it ( called the ["shared responsibility provision"](https://www.healthinsurance.org/glossary/individual-shared-responsibility-provision/) ). His ACA is essentially a huge govt subsidy directly into the pockets of private health companies along with a mandate that forced people to pay these companies as well. At least [1/4th of US workers are trapped in the gig economy](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/jun/02/gig-economy-us-trump-uber-california-robert-reich), and many more are employed at less than full-time hours without insurance.
 - [Did nothing about ballooning student loan debt ( now > $1T, an 86% increase during his tenure ), refusing to institute forgiveness programs, or allowing student loans to be discharged through bankruptcy.](https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/education/279512-president-obamas-horrible-terrible-legacy-on-student-loans) Obama federalized the system to where the government now profits immensely from both interest on loans it makes directly to students, and defaults. [Outsourced federal student loan debt collections to private loan firms for a huge profit.](https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/08/debt-student-loan-forgiveness-betsy-devos-education-department-fedloan/) [2](https://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/09/business/once-a-student-now-dogged-by-collection-agencies.html)
 - Presided over the [largest foreclosure crisis in US history](https://www.peoplespolicyproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Foreclosed.pdf), did nothing about it.
 - The Obama era was one of the greatest decreases in working class and [black wealth](https://jacobinmag.com/2017/12/obama-foreclosure-crisis-wealth-inequality), [2](https://www.peoplespolicyproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Foreclosed.pdf) in history: home equity decreased by ~$17k between 2007 and 2016. His housing policies led to millions losing their homes. While Wall street banks recieved $29 Trillion in bailouts, $75 Billion in relief was set aside for housing foreclosures and mortgage assistance. Instead of being paid to families, this was paid to mortgage servicers, and the services found ways to pocket the money and continue foreclosures: by the end of the program, less than 20% of the funds were used, and most had dropped out of the program due to foreclosures. The Obama administration refused to prosecute the fraud, or any of those responsible for the 2008 financial crisis.
-- [Visited Flint Michigan during their lead-water poisoning crisis, to support the governor's non-response, and do damage control for the democratic party, outraging citizens.](https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=GVv3n18_TGs) Refused to give federal aid to the city, or call a state of emergency. In a highly offensive gesture during a town hall meeting, he made light of the situation by pretending to drink the poisoned tap water. Eventually authorized FEMA to give a pithy $5M to the city, while estimates suggested that at least $100M is needed. 100k citizens, including 8-10k children have lead poisoning as a result of the state's negligence.
+- [Visited Flint Michigan during their lead-water poisoning crisis, to support the governor's non-response, and do damage control for the democratic party, outraging citizens.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=GVv3n18_TGs) Refused to give federal aid to the city, or call a state of emergency. In a highly offensive gesture during a town hall meeting, he made light of the situation by pretending to drink the poisoned tap water. Eventually authorized FEMA to give a pithy $5M to the city, while estimates suggested that at least $100M is needed. 100k citizens, including 8-10k children have lead poisoning as a result of the state's negligence.
 - Spends his post-presidency jet-skiing with billionaires, [making ~400k for every wall street speaking engagement](https://www.thestreet.com/investing/highest-paid-public-speakers-14315669), buying a massive multi-million dollar estate, and doing [anti-China netflix documentaries](https://www.standard.co.uk/insider/alist/barack-and-michelle-obama-net-worth-2020-how-much-is-the-former-us-president-worth-along-with-his-a4178561.html). [His net-worth increased 3000% post-presidency.](https://www.businessinsider.com/barack-obama-michelle-obama-net-worth-2018-7)
 
 #### Mass Imprisonment
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
   - The [War On Drugs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Drugs), a policy of arrest and imprisonment targeting minorities, first initiated by Nixon, has over the years created a monstrous system of mass incarceration, resulting in the imprisonment of 1.5 million people each year, with the US having the most prisoners per capita of any nation. One in five black Americans will spend time behind bars due to drug laws. The war has created a permanent underclass of impoverished people who have few educational or job opportunities as a result of being punished for drug offenses, in a vicious cycle of oppression. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Drugs#cite_note-59), [2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Drugs)
   - [Obama authorizes the use of Military equipment for police.](https://www.mintpressnews.com/white-house-reauthorize-military-equipment-police/218714/)
   - Massively grew the US [prison–industrial complex](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison%E2%80%93industrial_complex), and the [rapid expansion of the US inmate population](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_incarceration_rate#Growth) to the political influence of [private prison](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_prison) companies and businesses that supply goods and services to government prison agencies. Such groups include corporations that contract [prison labor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison_labor), construction companies, [surveillance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveillance) technology vendors, companies that operate prison food services and medical facilities, [private probation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_probation) companies, lawyers, and [lobby groups](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lobby_groups) that represent them. Activist groups such as the [National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Organization_for_the_Reform_of_Marijuana_Laws) (NORML) have argued that the prison-industrial complex is perpetuating a flawed belief that imprisonment is an effective solution to social problems such as [homelessness](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homelessness), [unemployment](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unemployment), [drug addiction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_addiction), [mental illness](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illness), and [illiteracy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illiteracy). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prison%E2%80%93industrial_complex)
-  - On April 12, 2015, [Freddie Carlos Gray, Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray), a 25-year-old [Black man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_American), was [arrested](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrested) by the [Baltimore Police Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Police_Department) for possessing what the police alleged was an illegal [switchblade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchblade) under Baltimore law. While being transported in a [police van](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_van), several cops held him down, putting pressure on his spinal cord, after which he fell into a [coma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma) and died, sparking a series of [protests in Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Baltimore_protests); riot police responded violently, and called in the national guard to aid against the "thugs", as they were labeled by [Obama in a press conference](https://youtu.be/ml1LzRenH_Q). After the protests were put down, the police officers were given separate trials, and all of them were found innocent. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray)
+  - On April 12, 2015, [Freddie Carlos Gray, Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray), a 25-year-old [Black man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_American), was [arrested](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrested) by the [Baltimore Police Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Police_Department) for possessing what the police alleged was an illegal [switchblade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchblade) under Baltimore law. While being transported in a [police van](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_van), several cops held him down, putting pressure on his spinal cord, after which he fell into a [coma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma) and died, sparking a series of [protests in Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Baltimore_protests); riot police responded violently, and called in the national guard to aid against the "thugs", as they were labeled by [Obama in a press conference](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ml1LzRenH_Q). After the protests were put down, the police officers were given separate trials, and all of them were found innocent. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray)
 - After the [ATF was caught in a scandal of selling guns to drug cartels](https://www.latimes.com/nation/atf-fast-furious-sg-storygallery.html?page=2), Obama defends and refuses to prosecute.
 
 #### Mass surveillance
@@ -1263,7 +1263,7 @@ _Much credit to [this post.](https://politijohn.tumblr.com/post/186036319237/get
 - [Obama authorized the massive, behind-closed-doors growth of the worldwide US surveillance system.](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)>)
   - Since 2012, the US military has a [state-run and funded astroturfing campaign](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/mar/17/us-spy-operation-social-networks) to manipulate public opinion online, and spread pro-US propaganda through government funded sockpuppets, called [Operation Earnest Voice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Voice).
   - The 2010 [US diplomatic cables leak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak) by Chelsea Manning revealed a pervasive policy of using US ambassadors as spies, supporting dictatorships, spying on the UN, strong-arming for US companies abroad, and disrupting nuclear disarmament talks. The scope of these leaks touches every country the US has a relationship with, and they are better detailed [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak), [2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak)
-- [Obama ruthlessly went after and jailed whistleblowers](https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/the-conversation/sd-before-trump-obama-prosecuted-leaks-20170804-htmlstory.html), [2](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/mar/16/whistleblowers-double-standard-obama-david-petraeus-chelsea-manning), indicting [more than all previous presidents combined.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x-iT51XSTgE) [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wS9TXJqxkSQ), [3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIWjon88lWc)
+- [Obama ruthlessly went after and jailed whistleblowers](https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/opinion/the-conversation/sd-before-trump-obama-prosecuted-leaks-20170804-htmlstory.html), [2](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/mar/16/whistleblowers-double-standard-obama-david-petraeus-chelsea-manning), indicting [more than all previous presidents combined.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=x-iT51XSTgE) [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=wS9TXJqxkSQ), [3](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YIWjon88lWc)
   - In 2010, [Chelsea Manning](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Manning) was imprisoned under the espionage act for a series of leaks which embarrassed the US government, including the [July 12, 2007 Baghdad airstrike](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_12,_2007_Baghdad_airstrike), [Afghan War documents](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghan_War_documents_leak), [Iraq War documents leak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War_documents_leak), [US diplomatic cables leak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak), and the [Guantanamo Bay files leak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_files_leak). The leak was, in Manning's Words: "possibly one of the most significant documents of our time, removing the fog of war and revealing the true nature of 21st century asymmetric warfare". [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea_Manning)
 - [Encouraged the FBI to use informants to infiltrate US Muslim communities, blocked their exposure by expanding the definition of state secrets.](https://www.colorlines.com/articles/obamas-unprecedented-use-state-secrets-defend-religious-profiling)
 
@@ -1313,7 +1313,7 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 
 ### Others
 
-- [What's so bad about Winston Churchill?](http://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/80sxhj/-/duy08zm) , [2](https://crimesofbritain.com/2016/09/13/the-trial-of-winston-churchill/), [3](https://www.rbth.com/blogs/2013/06/13/operation_unthinkable_churchills_plan_to_start_world_war_iii_26091)
+- [What's so bad about Winston Churchill?](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/80sxhj/-/duy08zm) , [2](https://crimesofbritain.com/2016/09/13/the-trial-of-winston-churchill/), [3](https://www.rbth.com/blogs/2013/06/13/operation_unthinkable_churchills_plan_to_start_world_war_iii_26091)
 - [What about Jordan Peterson?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/85cuay/thoughts_on_jordan_petersons_criticism_of_marxism/dvwnd25/)
 - [Is Christianity / the Bible Communist?](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/comments/9b7gsw/joel_osteen/e515qdb/)
 - [Was Mark Twain a socialist?](https://socialistworker.org/2010/04/21/the-twain-they-didnt-teach)
@@ -1330,7 +1330,7 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 
 ### Did atom bombs really end WW2?
 
-- [No, the entrance of the USSR into the war against Japan was the cause of Japan's surrender, which the US fully knew about since they were intercepting Japan's communications. The Atom bombing of Japanese civilians was in reality a display of military power against the USSR, and the first act of the cold war.](http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/30/the-bomb-didnt-beat-japan-stalin-did/) [Audiobook](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaLP3G2HGj-O5JTepm0Kjt-), [Summary](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/bd615l/perspectives_on_ww2/eky36vp/?context=3).
+- [No, the entrance of the USSR into the war against Japan was the cause of Japan's surrender, which the US fully knew about since they were intercepting Japan's communications. The Atom bombing of Japanese civilians was in reality a display of military power against the USSR, and the first act of the cold war.](http://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/30/the-bomb-didnt-beat-japan-stalin-did/) [Audiobook](https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoaLP3G2HGj-O5JTepm0Kjt-), [Summary](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/bd615l/perspectives_on_ww2/eky36vp/?context=3).
 - [The bombs were not only unnecessary, they didn't contribute to the decision to surrender.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/r3eeyu/justification_for_nuking_hiroshima_and_nagasaki/hmaa3mz/)
 
 ### What about overpopulation / unsustainability?
@@ -1344,7 +1344,7 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 
 - [Would basic income fix our problems?](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/8p097l/i_just_realized_that_monopoly_has_integrated/)
 - [A Marxist critique of Basic income.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/8wizh9/marxist_critiques_on_the_universal_basic_income/)
-- [Why basic income is a bad idea - Paul Cockshott](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/9lj3bh/why_basic_income_is_a_bad_idea/), [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGBQwZsp3T0), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/9li3gj/what_do_socialists_think_about_a_universal_basic/)
+- [Why basic income is a bad idea - Paul Cockshott](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/9lj3bh/why_basic_income_is_a_bad_idea/), [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=QGBQwZsp3T0), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/socialism/comments/9li3gj/what_do_socialists_think_about_a_universal_basic/)
 - [What would happen to workers in poorer countries?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/5iznp8/opinions_on_universal_basic_income/)
 - [Could Basic income "save" Capitalism?](https://www.reddit.com/r/Socialism_101/comments/92qgzn/realistically_could_universal_basic_income_save/)
 - [Its supported by, and benefits, silicon valley billionaires.](https://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-rushkoff-universal-basic-income-silicon-valley-20170721-story.html)
@@ -1361,13 +1361,13 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 
 ### VaushV
 
-- [A compilation of his takes.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xyaRosqQOxk)
+- [A compilation of his takes.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=xyaRosqQOxk)
 - Vaush on LGBT and Trans people: ["The left community online, **particularly the LGBT community**, is cancerous as fuck"](https://twitter.com/lporiginalg/status/1230667829537427462?s=20) "You don't have to be a psychologist to see that a large portion of the broader woket--d cancel-culture idpol left, is predicated on **shared mental illness**. This is **particularly prevalent in the trans community.** If you disagree with me on this, you're wrong. [...] These people are sub-human."
   - [Vaush says in his discord that: "if trans people didn't exist, my notification feed would be a lot better". Rails on about "trans-advocates".](https://i.imgur.com/lR5NhnF.png)
   - [Vaush laughs at trans suicide. ](https://streamable.com/q39axh)
 - [Harrasses a woman by asking her if she wanted to see his penis even though she said no repeatedly. Sends her a picture of himself in the shower anyway.](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/i5nka7/vaush_says_tankies_are_irrelevant_because_he_has/g0raeoh?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x)
 - [Vaush has a pre-occupation with pedophilia and beastiality](https://www.reddit.com/r/Enough_Vaush_Spam/comments/q9gkx3/vaush_is_obsessed_with_paedophilia_and_child_porn/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/Enough_Vaush_Spam/comments/ou0d2u/vaush_has_a_very_disturbing_preoccupation_with/)
-  - Claims that [its possible for an adult and child to have a "positive sexual relationship."](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_kX3zewAQ64)
+  - Claims that [its possible for an adult and child to have a "positive sexual relationship."](https://youtube.com/watch?v=_kX3zewAQ64)
 - [Compares the purchase of a computer to the purchase of child-porn.](https://www.reddit.com/r/ShitLiberalsSay/comments/g7bwgd/famous_breadtuber_vaush_i_cant_blame_people_for/)
 - [Very happy to say the n-word.](https://twitter.com/high_define/status/1265033740075634688?s=20) [again](https://twitter.com/comradecorm/status/1263512305800810503?s=20)
   - [Defends using the N-word as a "power-move" which he is unashamed of.](https://i.imgur.com/ExE1sFZ.jpg)
@@ -1385,11 +1385,11 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 - [Says: "If you identify as LGBT, then you must consider North Korea your enemy", citing wapo, the geneva US mission, and CIA NK org. Ignores the DPRK's pro-lgbt stances.](https://i.redd.it/nvgx1vz4z3b51.png) [2](https://web.archive.org/web/20050806002431/http://www.korea-dpr.com/faq.htm#20)
 - He's in no leftist orgs, plays video games all day, and takes home [$1.5k / month from his subscribers by holding "debates" where he just rants at people.](https://www.patreon.com/vaush)
 - ["Marxism isn't a rejection of liberalism, it's about making it better." ](https://twitter.com/commiefr0g/status/1290343782450434049)
-- ["Marxism isn't about collectivism, its about freedom from tyranny. Collectivism is groupthink."](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWsrVEyEIcI)
-- [Hakim - Vaush has no idea what he's talking about.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NX9_kXYMSck)
+- ["Marxism isn't about collectivism, its about freedom from tyranny. Collectivism is groupthink."](https://youtube.com/watch?v=gWsrVEyEIcI)
+- [Hakim - Vaush has no idea what he's talking about.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=NX9_kXYMSck)
 - [Claims that tankies only exist in "small online circles", ignoring the millions of communists in the global south.](https://twitter.com/duck_azz/status/1291635709154033664?s=20)
 - [Supports US presence in the middle east as a "stabilizing force"](https://twitter.com/SpookySocialist/status/1367635044311957506?s=20)
-- [Says the US military needs to stay in Afghanistan.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tcB_HklU7aA)
+- [Says the US military needs to stay in Afghanistan.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=tcB_HklU7aA)
 - [Wishes the CIA would coup Russia to install a pro western regime.](https://twitter.com/SarcasmStardust/status/1469307746671550468?s=20)
 - [Vaush on Russia: "We need to starve russia out, sanction their leaders, cripple their economy, wait for them to bleed out, and then when they're ready to play ball, they'll be a nice, compliant country."]
 - [Wishes that Assange would be tortured to death in a CIA black site, because it would "trigger all the worst people on twitter."](https://twitter.com/SarcasmStardust/status/1470528366348582915?s=20)
@@ -1407,7 +1407,7 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 - [Trolling threads on /r/communism, and banning pro-China posters. Banned one person for pointing out their discord stickied Obama's anti-China docu and said it was "required watching"](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/fgdjpc/does_going_against_western_propaganda_ever_make/fk47f81/)
 - Had a "no-dengism" rule on their official subreddit sidebar for over a year.
 - [Banned me for supporting Stalin.](https://i.imgur.com/gBzROhU.png, https://www.reddit.com/r/MoreTankieChapo/comments/fdfyr8/why_is_this_liberal_allowed_to_be_a_mod_thought/)
-- [Purging their sub off any pro-CPC posters](https://www.reddit.com/r/MoreTankieChapo/comments/gyx1nv/reminder_about_rules_1_and_7/) After a community backlash, they removed the anti dengism rule and one of the mods, [but still continued bans on pro China posters.](https://reddit.com/r/sendinthetanks/comments/gzdmyw/welcome_to_the_newly_banned/ftg1l30)
+- [Purging their sub off any pro-CPC posters](https://www.reddit.com/r/MoreTankieChapo/comments/gyx1nv/reminder_about_rules_1_and_7/) After a community backlash, they removed the anti dengism rule and one of the mods, [but still continued bans on pro China posters.](https://www.reddit.com/r/sendinthetanks/comments/gzdmyw/welcome_to_the_newly_banned/ftg1l30)
 - [Quick TLDR](https://www.reddit.com/r/sendinthetanks/comments/gzjn3i/what_is_happening_in_rmoretankiechapo/).
 
 ### Amnesty International
@@ -1423,21 +1423,21 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 - https://i.imgur.com/9PY54DI.jpg
 - https://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2021/05/01/ukr-m01.html
 - https://www.liberationschool.org/the-roots-of-fascism-in-ukraine/
-- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VtOx6dW_0vU
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=VtOx6dW_0vU
 - https://lemmygrad.ml/post/135575
 - https://www.workers.org/2022/02/62086/
 - Decommunisation laws: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volodymyr_Viatrovych, no laws against neo-nazism
-- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zZwhGHeIYM
-- https://youtu.be/JrMiSQAGOS4
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=7zZwhGHeIYM
+- https://youtube.com/watch?v=JrMiSQAGOS4
 - https://v.redd.it/re0qb940lkk81
 - https://v.redd.it/j6lrcei3psk81
 - https://www.haaretz.com/food/2016-04-04/ty-article/a-queasy-dinner-at-lvivs-jewish-eatery/0000017f-f631-d47e-a37f-ff3df9880000
 
 ### Others
 
-- [What is Antifa? (Abby)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bgwS_FMZ3nQ)
-- [Whats so bad about UBI (universal basic income)?](https://thenewinquiry.com/universal-basic-bullshit/),[2](https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/false-promise-universal-basic-income-andy-stern-ruger-bregman),[3](https://youtu.be/J10jKdPRN9A)
-- [Why are socialists against Israel / Zionism?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BT5L4YU_Fl4&feature=youtu.be)
+- [What is Antifa? (Abby)](https://youtube.com/watch?v=bgwS_FMZ3nQ)
+- [Whats so bad about UBI (universal basic income)?](https://thenewinquiry.com/universal-basic-bullshit/),[2](https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/false-promise-universal-basic-income-andy-stern-ruger-bregman),[3](https://youtube.com/watch?v=J10jKdPRN9A)
+- [Why are socialists against Israel / Zionism?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=BT5L4YU_Fl4)
 - [Do most US troops come from poor neighborhoods? (Yes, debunking the heritage foundation debunkers)](https://www.boiseweekly.com/boise/poor-and-uneducated-like-we-thought/Content?oid=933196)
 - [Why communists do not participate in anti-russia hysteria, pushed by the democrats.](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/90i5yp/why_the_marxist_left_is_opposed_to_and_does_not/), [2](https://www.reddit.com/r/LateStageCapitalism/comments/9vaw8f/-/e9b1kxr)
 - [Is there any real evidence for Russian interference in US elections?](https://www.realclearinvestigations.com/articles/2019/07/05/crowdstrikeout_muellers_own_report_undercuts_its_core_russia-meddling_claims.html) [2](https://thegrayzone.com/2020/05/11/bombshell-crowdstrike-admits-no-evidence-russia-stole-emails-from-dnc-server/)
@@ -1447,8 +1447,8 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 - [Gensec Nguyen Phu Trong - On Vietnam's socialist market economy, and its historical development. What were the Doi Moi reforms?](https://en.nhandan.org.vn/politics/item/9924202-some-theoretical-and-practical-issues-on-socialism-and-the-path-towards-socialism-in-vietnam.html)
 - [How is socialism progressing in Bolivia?](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/cg2t3j/masterpost_on_the_achievements_of_socialism_in/)
 - [Anti-imperialism of Evo Morales - A fight for Bolivia's resources.](https://www.commondreams.org/views/2019/11/12/after-morales-ousted-coup-lithium-question-looms-large-bolivia)
-- [How does the US and British strategy of Balkanization work?](https://youtu.be/niZsLfxNwvI?t=807)
-- Caleb Maupin - [1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i29kWYXlwhw), [2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fmQtvk5elYc), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/BeardTube/comments/fkwaso/the_successes_of_socialism_in_vietnam/fkwb68a/), [4](https://i.imgur.com/kbeSu33.jpg), [5](https://i.imgur.com/u0jygQ9.png)
+- [How does the US and British strategy of Balkanization work?](https://youtube.com/watch?v=niZsLfxNwvI?t=807)
+- Caleb Maupin - [1](https://youtube.com/watch?v=i29kWYXlwhw), [2](https://youtube.com/watch?v=fmQtvk5elYc), [3](https://www.reddit.com/r/BeardTube/comments/fkwaso/the_successes_of_socialism_in_vietnam/fkwb68a/), [4](https://i.imgur.com/kbeSu33.jpg), [5](https://i.imgur.com/u0jygQ9.png)
 - Prysner - [1](https://twitter.com/Duophile/status/1256563958141591556?s=20)
 - [Omar](https://electronicintifada.net/blogs/ali-abunimah/ilhan-omar-backs-israel-lobby-campaign-against-iran) [2](https://twitter.com/hansalexrazo/status/1258473006419959808?s=20), [3](https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/ilhan-omar-says-her-political-role-model-is-inspirationally-bold-margaret-thatcher), [4](https://twitter.com/caitoz/status/1362154968883503106?s=20)
 - [Bordiga](https://libcom.org/forums/history/bordiga-leninist-who-put-his-hopes-axis-27122017)
@@ -1459,7 +1459,7 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 - [Blackredguard](https://twitter.com/BlackRedGuard1/status/1383849476863844359?s=20)
 - [A response to David Harvey's theories of Imperialism by John Smith.](https://urpe.wordpress.com/2018/01/11/a-critique-of-david-harvey-on-imperialism/)
 - [Is signal secure? Yasha Levine](https://yasha.substack.com/p/signal-is-a-government-op-85e)
-- Belarus: [1](https://np.reddit.com/r/EuropeanSocialists/comments/i8cf4z/nazi_roots_of_symbols_of_the_belarusian_opposition/), [2](https://thegrayzone.com/2021/05/26/belarus-roman-protasevich-plane-nazis-ukraine/), [3](https://www.rt.com/russia/525032-protasevich-arrest-neo-nazi-links/). https://cprf.ru/2022/05/in-ukraine-russia-is-fighting-neo-nazism/
+- Belarus: [1](https://www.reddit.com/r/EuropeanSocialists/comments/i8cf4z/nazi_roots_of_symbols_of_the_belarusian_opposition/), [2](https://thegrayzone.com/2021/05/26/belarus-roman-protasevich-plane-nazis-ukraine/), [3](https://www.rt.com/russia/525032-protasevich-arrest-neo-nazi-links/). https://cprf.ru/2022/05/in-ukraine-russia-is-fighting-neo-nazism/
 - [The Fort Dietrich virus](https://twitter.com/ProPeace97/status/1420657562618318850)
 - [Cory booker](https://twitter.com/Remroum/status/1425296761820786688?s=20)
 - [Aleksandr I. Solzhenitsyn and the Gulag Archipelago](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZhou/comments/pd01t7/how_reliable_is_this_anticommunist_defense_of/hamp4mz/)
@@ -1474,4 +1474,4 @@ Much credit to [David Kinder's current affairs article, the rise of the Ruth Bad
 
   https://5pillarsuk.com/2018/02/23/black-panther-the-same-old-western-politics-with-a-black-face/
 
-[Life in occupied Palestine by Anna](https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_MDC2Gty4I&feature=youtu.be)
+[Life in occupied Palestine by Anna](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Q_MDC2Gty4I)
diff --git a/supercooper_china_deng.md b/supercooper_china_deng.md
index 4618760..4d0a193 100644
--- a/supercooper_china_deng.md
+++ b/supercooper_china_deng.md
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Some have also suggested that China's socialist character can be demonstrated th
 
 I have just one last thing to say on this point, a sure-fire way of telling that China isn't a capitalist economy is to observe the variance in their growth, or rather the lack thereof. That is, their economic performance is almost completely consistent and they do not experience boom and bust cycles, which are typical for free markets. This also means that China was relatively unaffected by the Global Financial Crisis, which by comparison hit the western world hard.
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqUNd82pYCI](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqUNd82pYCI&t=260s)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=PqUNd82pYCI](https://youtube.com/watch?v=PqUNd82pYCI&t=260s)
 
 [https://twitter.com/hancocktom/status/1087236461890482176](https://twitter.com/hancocktom/status/1087236461890482176)
 
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ As for your final point, that the success of Deng's market reforms is a testamen
 
 In Vietnam, the "Doi Moi" market reforms began in 1986, but their economy didn't start booming until the US lifted their sanctions in 1994. It's a similar story in Cuba, where the economy experienced a small boom after Obama partially lifted US sanctions, and in North Korea, who were actually more developed than South Korea until their trade relations broke down in the 1980s.
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRm7Wfzy-dY](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRm7Wfzy-dY)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=pRm7Wfzy-dY](https://youtube.com/watch?v=pRm7Wfzy-dY)
 
 This also means it is incorrect to attribute stagnation in Maoist China to deficiencies in the centrally planned economy (the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution actually decentralized both the economy and the political system), especially considering the staggering economic growth of Soviet industrialization which literally happened during the Great Depression.
 
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Finally, in addition to China not being a free market capitalist economy (as I'v
 
 This draws a lot of parallels with the contentions of Ha-Joon Chang, particularly the part about government-organized systems being the most effective at overcoming poverty for developing nations. There are plenty of examples other than China to back this up as well, such as South Korea, who despite often being considered a bastion of free market capitalism did not progress significantly until the state took over the heavy industry sector and adopted Five-Year Plans. Similarly, we saw with the previous example of Vietnam that they were only able to develop heavy industry and all the benefits that came with it due to the non-capitalist features of their state-owned enterprises, hence their ascendancy would not have been possible with a free market. Indeed, this fact can also be displayed through the sheer uniqueness of China's expansion, which is literally unprecedented in modern history as Richard Woolf mentioned. In fact, between 1988 and 2008, absolute levels of poverty increased in every region of the world except China, where poverty decreases were so huge (400 million people) that they singlehandedly reversed the entire global trend. This is why it's so disingenuous of libertarians when they point to poverty reduction statistics as a testament to the free market, ignoring that almost 90% of those alleviated people come from China and Vietnam alone while capitalist countries (rich and poor alike) have remained stagnant by comparison.
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRWt85Xq_OU](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YRWt85Xq_OU)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=YRWt85Xq_OU](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YRWt85Xq_OU)
 
 The point I'm trying to make here is that capitalism has proven unable to repeat the successes of these socialist countries, and what better way to demonstrate that than by comparing China with its equally large capitalist neighbor India, let's see what Martin Jacques has to say.
 
@@ -206,11 +206,11 @@ Additionally, although liberals often speculate that China's remarkable growth c
 
 [https://www.invent-the-future.org/2018/05/why-doesnt-the-soviet-union-exist-any-more-part-8-will-the-peoples-republic-of-china-go-the-way-of-the-ussr/](https://www.invent-the-future.org/2018/05/why-doesnt-the-soviet-union-exist-any-more-part-8-will-the-peoples-republic-of-china-go-the-way-of-the-ussr/)
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYFZnLSm9z0](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYFZnLSm9z0)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=wYFZnLSm9z0](https://youtube.com/watch?v=wYFZnLSm9z0)
 
 [https://medium.com/@wolf.aldrich/three-questions-about-china-and-the-communist-party-of-china-7056e40b40f3](https://medium.com/@wolf.aldrich/three-questions-about-china-and-the-communist-party-of-china-7056e40b40f3)
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Bzbi-M-AF8](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Bzbi-M-AF8)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=0Bzbi-M-AF8](https://youtube.com/watch?v=0Bzbi-M-AF8)
 
 [https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/a6zs4m/socialist_vietnam_now_ranks_no1_in_the_world_for/ebzefqn?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x](https://www.reddit.com/r/communism/comments/a6zs4m/socialist_vietnam_now_ranks_no1_in_the_world_for/ebzefqn?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web2x)
 
@@ -222,6 +222,6 @@ Additionally, although liberals often speculate that China's remarkable growth c
 
 [https://monthlyreview.org/commentary/did-mao-really-kill-millions-in-the-great-leap-forward/](https://monthlyreview.org/commentary/did-mao-really-kill-millions-in-the-great-leap-forward/)
 
-[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvCVe-zY5NA](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvCVe-zY5NA)
+[https://youtube.com/watch?v=dvCVe-zY5NA](https://youtube.com/watch?v=dvCVe-zY5NA)
 
 [https://medium.com/@otelocarvalho/socialism-today-in-vietnam-ac22ce2edf47](https://medium.com/@otelocarvalho/socialism-today-in-vietnam-ac22ce2edf47)
diff --git a/toki_pona_guide.md b/toki_pona_guide.md
index 3a7166f..e1fc768 100644
--- a/toki_pona_guide.md
+++ b/toki_pona_guide.md
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 ## Learning the language
 
 - [jan Lentan's lessons](https://devurandom.xyz/tokipona/). By far the best guide for learning the language.
-- [jan Misali's 12 days of toki pona](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L-dvvng4Zc). Not as good as jan Lentan's lessons, but serves as a speedy introduction to the vocab.
+- [jan Misali's 12 days of toki pona](https://youtube.com/watch?v=4L-dvvng4Zc). Not as good as jan Lentan's lessons, but serves as a speedy introduction to the vocab.
 
 ## Vocabulary
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 ## Listening / Fluency
 
-- [Youtube channel - ma pi toki pona](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCQTppoxw6lJTtvr9ZRIjmgg) . Has lots of fluent speakers having conversations about different topics.
+- [Youtube channel - ma pi toki pona](https://youtube.com/channel/UCQTppoxw6lJTtvr9ZRIjmgg) . Has lots of fluent speakers having conversations about different topics.
 
 ## Other resources
 
diff --git a/us_atrocities.md b/us_atrocities.md
index d5dc013..a11a1cf 100644
--- a/us_atrocities.md
+++ b/us_atrocities.md
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Notes :
 
 ## Imperialism
 
-- The US empire currently maintains an [imperialist network](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Df4R-xdKvpM) of over [800 military bases in 70 countries.](https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/06/us-military-bases-around-the-world-119321) (For comparison, all other countries combined have only 30 bases)
+- The US empire currently maintains an [imperialist network](https://youtube.com/watch?v=Df4R-xdKvpM) of over [800 military bases in 70 countries.](https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2015/06/us-military-bases-around-the-world-119321) (For comparison, all other countries combined have only 30 bases)
 - The US has always been in a state of perpetual war; [as of 2021, it has been at war 225 / 243 years of its existence.](https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/595752-the-us-has-been-at-war-225-out-of-243-years-since-1776)
 
 ### Middle East
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ Notes :
 - On December 10, 2002, US military police, aided by the CIA, tortured and killed [Dilawar](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilawar_(torture_victim)>), an Afghan taxi driver, at [Baghram prison](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagram_torture_and_prisoner_abuse), highlighting a scandal of torture and murder at the prison. Dilawar was chained to the ceiling of his cell, and suspended by his wrists for four days. His arms became dislocated from their sockets, and flapped around limplywhenever guards collected him for interrogation. During his detention, Dilawar's legs were beaten to a pulp. They would have had to have been amputated because damage was so severe. The murder and US torture complex is chronicled in the 2007 documentary [Taxi to the Dark Side](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi_to_the_Dark_Side). [1](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilawar_(torture_victim)>)
 - Since 2001, many enemy combatants have been held at the [Guantanamo bay detention camp](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp), a prison camp in Cuba in which suspected enemies are jailed indefinitely without trial. Several inmates have been severely tortured, leading much of the world to decry its existence as a human rights abuse. The military acts as interrogators, prosecutors and defense counsel, judges, and when death sentences are imposed, as executioners. All trials are held in private. Trump has vowed to keep the prison open, saying, "[...] I’d bring back a hell of a lot worse than waterboarding... Don’t tell me it doesn’t work—torture works... if it doesn't work, they deserve it anyway, for what they’re doing to us." At least [108 detainees have died while in US custody in Iraq, Afghanistan, and Guantanamo bay](http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4355779.stm), with at least 20 being declared by the Army as murder.[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp),[2](http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4355779.stm)
 - The attacks precipitated the signing into law in 2001 of the [Patriot Act](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act), which expanded the powers of the NSA to perform mass surveillance, allowed indefinite detention of immigrants, allowed warrant-less searching of phone and email records without a court order, . Thousands of people were jailed, and questioned under the new power the act granted to law enforcement agencies. [Susan Lindauer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Lindauer), a congressional staffer turned activist, imprisoned from 2005-09 for violating the "acting as an agent of a foreign government" provision of the patriot act; the charges were later dropped after it was discovered no evidence ever existed. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act)
-- After the 2001 attack on the world trade center, [General Wesley Clark revealed that the Bush regime planned to start wars with 8 countries within 5 years](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNt7s_Wed_4): Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Iran.
+- After the 2001 attack on the world trade center, [General Wesley Clark revealed that the Bush regime planned to start wars with 8 countries within 5 years](https://youtube.com/watch?v=FNt7s_Wed_4): Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and Iran.
 - The September 11th 2001 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York, provoked an international military campaign of Middle East imperialism known as [The War on Terror](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Terror). Conflicts include the [Nato led involvement in Afghanistan (2001–2014)](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(1978%E2%80%93present)>), the [Insurgency in Yemen (1992–2015)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen), the [Iraq War (2003–2011)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War), the [War in North-West Pakistan (2004–present)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_in_North-West_Pakistan), and the [International campaign against ISIL (2014–present)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_intervention_against_ISIL). The enemy combatants of the war have mostly been people of the Middle East. Casualty numbers are in the millions, detailed [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Terror#Casualties). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Terror) In 2021, when confronted about the million Iraqi civilians killed, [former president G.W. Bush laughed.](https://www.reddit.com/r/GenZedong/comments/ptccsu/bush_laughs_as_hes_confronted_again_about_his_war/)
 - [1991, the U.S. bombed the Amiriya civilian air raid shelter in Iraq, which was sheltering a thousand sleeping civilians, massacring 408 Iraqi civilians (261 women and 52 children).](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiriyah_shelter_bombing)
 - Approximately 250,000[[5\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome#cite_note-www8.nationalacademies.org-5) of the 697,000 U.S. veterans who served in the 1991 Gulf War are afflicted with an enduring chronic multi-symptom illness called [Gulf War Syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome). From 1995 to 2005, the health of combat veterans worsened in comparison with nondeployed veterans, with the onset of more new [chronic diseases](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_disease), functional impairment, repeated [clinic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinic) visits and [hospitalizations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospitalization), [chronic fatigue syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome)-like [illness](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illness), [posttraumatic stress disorder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posttraumatic_stress_disorder), and greater persistence of adverse [health](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health) incidents.[[7\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome#cite_note-7). Suggested causes have included [depleted uranium](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depleted_uranium), [sarin](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin) [gas](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas), [smoke from burning oil wells](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwaiti_oil_fires), [vaccinations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccination), [combat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combat) [stress](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_%28biology%29) and [psychological](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychological) factors.[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War_syndrome)
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Notes :
 - In 2009, [a coup in Honduras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Honduran_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat) has led to severe repression and death squad murders of political opponents, union organizers and journalists. At the time of the coup, U.S. officials denied any role in the coup and used semantics to avoid cutting off U.S. military aid as required under U.S. law. But two Wikileaks cables revealed that the U.S. Embassy, and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, was the main power broker in managing the aftermath of the coup and forming a government that is now repressing and murdering its people, including popular leader Berta Cáceres. The two men who killed [Berta Cáceres](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berta_C%C3%A1ceres) were trained in the US. A former soldier with the US-trained special forces units of the Honduran military asserted that Caceres' name was included on a hitlist distributed to them months before her assassination.[[66\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berta_C%C3%A1ceres#cite_note-66) According to a February 2017 investigation by _The Guardian_, court papers purport to show that three of the eight people arrested in connection with the assassination are linked to the US-trained elite troops. Two of them, Maj Mariano Díaz and Lt Douglas Giovanny Bustillo, received military training in the US.[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berta_C%C3%A1ceres#cite_note-67),[2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Honduran_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat)
 - In 1996, investigative journalist [Gary Webb](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Webb) exposed a CIA-run business of selling cocaine produced in Nicaragua, to help fund the anti-communist Contras in their fight against the Sandinistas in Nicaragua. These drugs were mostly sold to black communities in California, and helped spark the Crack epidemic. Several of the US dealers such as such as [Ross](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%22Freeway%22_Rick_Ross) and [Oscar Danilo Blandon](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Danilo_Bland%C3%B3n), were found to have CIA and DEA ties. Webb's reports were suppressed in the news media. In 1997, Webb stated: "If we had met five years ago, you wouldn't have found a more staunch defender of the newspaper industry than me ... And then I wrote some stories that made me realize how sadly misplaced my bliss had been. The reason I'd enjoyed such smooth sailing for so long hadn't been, as I'd assumed, because I was careful and diligent and good at my job ... The truth was that, in all those years, I hadn't written anything important enough to suppress." In 2004, Webb was found dead in his home, shot in the back of the head twice. His death was ruled a suicide.
 - In 1990 in Haiti, competing against 10 comparatively wealthy white candidates, leftist priest [Jean-Bertrand Aristide](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Bertrand_Aristide) captures 68 percent of the vote. A few months later, the CIA-backed military [deposes him in a coup](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat). More military dictators brutalize the country, as thousands of Haitian refugees escape the turmoil in barely seaworthy boats. The CIA "paid key members of the coup regime forces, identified as drug traffickers, for information from the mid-1980s at least until the coup."[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_involvement_in_regime_change#1991:_Haiti) Coup leaders Cédras and François had received military training in the United States. As popular opinion called for Aristide’s return, the CIA began a disinformation campaign painting the courageous priest as mentally unstable.[2](https://web.archive.org/web/20201015135126/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-10-31-mn-51780-story.html) In 1994, Aristide was allowed to return back to Haiti after being 3 years in forced exile. The US demanded Aristide to drop his leftist programs for social reform, and adopt harsh neoliberal economic reforms instead. The US used "most brutal anti-Aristide elements" to pressure Aristide to abandon his ambitious programs.[3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Uphold_Democracy),[4](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_for_the_Advancement_and_Progress_of_Ha%C3%AFti),[5](https://chomsky.info/200809__/),[6](https://chomsky.info/20090612/),[7](https://chomsky.info/20040731/) In 2004 Aristide was again overthrown by a military coup led by the US.[8](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat)
-- In 1989, the U.S. invades Panama with 26k troops to overthrow a dictator of its own making, [General Manuel Noriega](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega), with the stated goal of "Defending democracy and human rights in Panama". Noriega had been on the CIA’s payroll since 1966, collecting at least $100,000 per year from the U.S. Treasury. As he rose to be the de facto ruler of Panama, he became even more valuable to the CIA, reporting on meetings with Fidel Castro and Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua and supporting U.S. covert wars in Central America, and had been transporting drugs with the CIA’s knowledge since 1972. By the late 80s, Noriega’s growing independence and intransigence had angered Washington. The UN human rights commission estimates that around 4,000 people were killed by US troops (The US claims only 250 people). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega) The US military bombed urban neighborhoods, executed hundreds of civilians, and even tested new experimental weapons. The Panama invasion violates both the UN and OAS charter, which prohibits the invasions of a sovereign country or their territorial integrity, as well as the Geneva conventions. All the major US media supported the invasion: the New York Times, Wallstreet Journal, The Washington Post, the LA times, CBS, and NBC. Michael Parenti observes in his observation of media complicity with the invasion: "The media is not _favorable_ to corporate america, they **are** corporate america." The UN voted on Dec 29th 1989 overwhelming to condemn the invasion as a "flagrant violation of international law". No US soldier or general has been tried for these war crimes, despite the UN commission, or the dozens of eyewitness accounts by Panamanians. These atrocities are chronicled in the documentary [The Panama Deception.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGIio2qMnto)
+- In 1989, the U.S. invades Panama with 26k troops to overthrow a dictator of its own making, [General Manuel Noriega](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega), with the stated goal of "Defending democracy and human rights in Panama". Noriega had been on the CIA’s payroll since 1966, collecting at least $100,000 per year from the U.S. Treasury. As he rose to be the de facto ruler of Panama, he became even more valuable to the CIA, reporting on meetings with Fidel Castro and Daniel Ortega of Nicaragua and supporting U.S. covert wars in Central America, and had been transporting drugs with the CIA’s knowledge since 1972. By the late 80s, Noriega’s growing independence and intransigence had angered Washington. The UN human rights commission estimates that around 4,000 people were killed by US troops (The US claims only 250 people). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Noriega) The US military bombed urban neighborhoods, executed hundreds of civilians, and even tested new experimental weapons. The Panama invasion violates both the UN and OAS charter, which prohibits the invasions of a sovereign country or their territorial integrity, as well as the Geneva conventions. All the major US media supported the invasion: the New York Times, Wallstreet Journal, The Washington Post, the LA times, CBS, and NBC. Michael Parenti observes in his observation of media complicity with the invasion: "The media is not _favorable_ to corporate america, they **are** corporate america." The UN voted on Dec 29th 1989 overwhelming to condemn the invasion as a "flagrant violation of international law". No US soldier or general has been tried for these war crimes, despite the UN commission, or the dozens of eyewitness accounts by Panamanians. These atrocities are chronicled in the documentary [The Panama Deception.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ZGIio2qMnto)
 - In the 1980s and 1990s, the U.S. supplied military equipment and substantial aid for the Columbian government in their civil war to fight against [FARC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolutionary_Armed_Forces_of_Colombia), known as [Plan Columbia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plan_Colombia). The weapons, ostensibly delivered for use against narcotics traffickers, was being used by the Colombian military to commit abuses in the name of “counter-insurgency.” One estimate is that 67,000 deaths have occurred from the 1960s to recent years due to support by the U.S. of Colombian state terrorism. Another 1994 Amnesty International report, stated that more than 20,000 people were killed for political reasons in Colombia since 1986, mainly by the military and its paramilitary allies.
 - In 1987, the former CIA Station Chief in Angola in 1976, [John Stockwell](http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article4068.htm), testified to Congress and told a grisly tale of US involvement on behalf of business interests in Latin America. He cited covert operations in Nicaragua, Panama, Guatemala, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, and Cuba. Over the course of his testimony, he estimated that given the bombings of water supplies and other essential infrastructure, the invasions, the coups, that the United States, on its quest for empire, has been responsible for **6,000,000 deaths.** The CIA retaliated by [suing him into bankruptcy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stockwell). [1](http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article4068.htm)
 - From 1981-90, the U.S. government attempted to topple the government of Nicaragua in so called "Contra war" or ["Nicaraguan Revolution"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution). The US [secretly](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Nicaragua) armed, trained and funded the [Contras](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contras), a terrorist group based in Honduras that was created to sabotage Nicaragua and to destabilize the Nicaraguan government. As part of the training, the CIA distributed a detailed "terror manual" entitled "Psychological Operations in Guerrilla War," which instructed the Contras, among other things, on how to blow up public buildings, to assassinate judges, to create martyrs, and to blackmail ordinary citizens. In 1986, the Nicaraguan government under the Sandinistas shot down a C-123 transport plane carrying military supplies to the Contras. The lone survivor, [Eugene Hasenfus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Hasenfus), turned out to be a CIA employee, as the two dead pilots, contradicting Reagan's claims that the US was not aiding the contras. [In 1984 Nicaragua responded to the crimes commited by the Contras by taking the matter to the International Court of Justice (ICJ)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaragua_v._United_States). ICJ ruled in favor of Nicaragua. ICJ condemnded the "unlawful use of force" (aka. international terrorism) by the US, ordered the US to terminate the crimes and pay massive reparations to Nicaragua. The US dismissed the ICJ judgement with total contempt and announced that they wont accept the jurisdiction of the court. Shortly after the ICJ ruling, the US directed Contras to attack “soft targets” — undefended civilian targets. Nicaragua then in 1985 went to the UN security counsil, which considered the resolution calling on all states to observe international law, but the US vetoed the resolution. The US now stands as the only state on record which has both been condemned by the ICJ for international terrorism and has vetoed a security counsil resolution calling on all states to observe international law. In 1987 Nicaragua went to UN general assembly, where similar resolution passed like in 1985 security counsil, with only the US with Israel and El Salvador opposing it.[1](https://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/28/world/world-court-supports-nicaragua-after-us-rejected-judges-role.html),[2](https://chomsky.info/200205__02/),[3](https://chomsky.info/200303__/),[4](https://chomsky.info/198803__/) The Contra war ended in 1990, and estimated 30,000 people were killed.
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ Notes :
 - In 1981, the [CIA assassinated Panamanian leader Omar Torrijos via a plane crash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_Torrijos#Death), over the [Carter-Torrijos treaty](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrijos%E2%80%93Carter_Treaties), which would return sovereignty of the Panama canal by 1999, and force a closure of all 26 US bases in Panama by 2000, and for his support of the Sandinistas. The US denies the assassination, but refused to allow evidence to be submitted as it would violate the Classified Information Procedures Act.
 - In 1981, in an act of biological warfare, [the US released a strain of Dengue fever into Cuba](https://archive.org/details/CovertActionInformationBulletinIssue17Summer1982USFakesDataInChemicalWar/page/n27/mode/2up), developed at Fort Dietrich. A total of 320k people were infected, 158 people died, including 101 children under the age of 15.
 - In 1980, In El Salvador, The Archbishop of San Salvador, [Oscar Romero](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero), pleads with President Carter to stop aiding the military government slaughtering his people. Carter refuses. Right-wing leader Roberto D’Aubuisson has Romero shot through the heart while saying Mass. The country soon dissolves into [civil war](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvadoran_Civil_War), with the peasants in the hills fighting against the military government. The CIA and U.S. Armed Forces supply the government with overwhelming military and intelligence superiority, as well as over [3000 tons of US made bombs](https://www.projectcensored.org/1-fierce-aerial-war-in-america-is-unreported-in-u-s-press/), training death squads to roam the countryside, committing atrocities like that of [El Mozote in 1982](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Mozote_massacre), where 800 civilians were massacred. By 1992, some 63,000 Salvadorans were killed. Back then Salvador was controlled by a mafia of 13 families who owned 50% of the land and wealth. The 13 families were heavily linked with the United States. CIA provided weapons and military training to the Salvadorean Army, as well as $6B in aid, and US military training in Panama. As soon as the CIA discovered the priests were indoctrinating the masses, they began killing them.
-- In 1979, The CIA began to destabilize Grenada after [Maurice Bishop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Bishop) became president, for his marxist, pro-cuba, anti-racism, and anti-apartheid stances. The previous leader, [Eric Gairy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Gairy), was a British/US puppet who furthered imperialist interests in the region, sacked the treasury, presided over 47% unenemployment, and a 200% cost of living increase. His right wing gang / secret police, the [Mongoose gang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoose_Gang), ruthlessly tortured Leftists, sending his police to Pinochet's Argentina to learn torture techniques, and even murdered Maurice's father. [Under Bishop's leadership](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7z-AxNFx88o), Women were given equal pay and paid maternity leave, and sex discrimination was made illegal. Organisations for education (Center for Popular Education), health care, and youth affairs (National Youth Organization) were also established, as well as free education and health care. A literacy campaign lowered it to less than 5% in 3 years. The campaign against him resulted in his overthrow and the [invasion by the U.S. of Grenada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada) on October 25, 1983, with about 277 people dying.
+- In 1979, The CIA began to destabilize Grenada after [Maurice Bishop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Bishop) became president, for his marxist, pro-cuba, anti-racism, and anti-apartheid stances. The previous leader, [Eric Gairy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Gairy), was a British/US puppet who furthered imperialist interests in the region, sacked the treasury, presided over 47% unenemployment, and a 200% cost of living increase. His right wing gang / secret police, the [Mongoose gang](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoose_Gang), ruthlessly tortured Leftists, sending his police to Pinochet's Argentina to learn torture techniques, and even murdered Maurice's father. [Under Bishop's leadership](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7z-AxNFx88o), Women were given equal pay and paid maternity leave, and sex discrimination was made illegal. Organisations for education (Center for Popular Education), health care, and youth affairs (National Youth Organization) were also established, as well as free education and health care. A literacy campaign lowered it to less than 5% in 3 years. The campaign against him resulted in his overthrow and the [invasion by the U.S. of Grenada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Grenada) on October 25, 1983, with about 277 people dying.
 - In 1979, the US-backed dictator Anastasios Samoza II falls, beginning the popular [Nicaraguan Revolution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution). Remnants of his Guard will become the Contras, who fight a CIA-backed guerilla war against the left-wing [Sandinista](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front) government throughout the 1980s, with Reagan authorizing covert support to anti-Sandinista forces. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution)
 - In 1976, several CIA-linked anti-Castro Cuban exiles and members of the Venezuelan secret police [DISIP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Directorate_of_Intelligence_and_Prevention_Services) were responsible for a terrorist bomb attack on [Cuban flight 455](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n_Flight_455), killing 73 people. CIA venezuelan operative [Luis Posada Carriles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_Posada_Carriles), one of the bombers, fled and was granted amnesty in the US in 2007. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubana_de_Aviaci%C3%B3n_Flight_455)
 - In 1976, The CIA backed an overthrow of Argentinan leader [Isabel Martínez de Perón](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Per%C3%B3n) by right wing anti-communist dictator [Jorge Rafael Videla](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Rafael_Videla). In 1983, two years after the return of a representative democratic government, he was prosecuted in the Trial of the Juntas for large-scale human rights abuses and crimes against humanity that took place under his rule, including kidnappings or forced disappearance, widespread torture and extrajudicial murder of activists, and political opponents as well as their families at secret concentration camps, and harboring nazis. An estimated 13,000 -30,000 political dissidents vanished during this period. Videla was also convicted of the theft of many babies born during the captivity of their mothers at the illegal detention centres and passing them on for illegal adoption by associates of the regime. In his defence, Videla maintains the female guerrilla detainees allowed themselves to fall pregnant in the belief they wouldn't be tortured or executed. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Rafael_Videla)
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ Notes :
 
 ### Europe
 
-- In late 2019, [CIA agent Anne Sacoolas hit and killed a British teenage pedestrian named Harry Dunn with her car](https://thegrayzone.com/2020/02/18/assange-us-extradite-cia-killed-british-teen/#more-20969), while she was driving on the wrong side of the road, near the RAF Croughton base in the UK where she and her husband (both CIA agents) worked. After the Foreign and Commonwealth office rejected Anne Sacoolas request for diplomatic immunity, Anne fled the UK on a US Air Force plane. Both the US and UK governments lied to the Dunn family, saying that she was a US diplomat, and hid the fact that she had fled for months. In October, the Dunn family visited the White House and met with Donald Trump. According to Seiger, Trump tried to buy off the couple, promising them that Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin was “standing by ready to write a check.” Trump reportedly blindsided the Dunns, telling them that Sacoolas was in the other room waiting to meet with them. The couple refused the offer, demanding her extradition. Sacoolas's lawyers have stated, “Anne will not return voluntarily to the United Kingdom to face a potential jail sentence for what was a terrible but unintentional accident.” As of February 2020, the extradition request is at an impasse, while at the same time the UK is complying with Julian Assange's extradition to the US. RAF Croughton base houses agents from the NSA and CIA, and is famous for being exposed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden for forwarding information from German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s phone to the CIA. On march 2021, the [US admitted that sacoolas was a CIA agent.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=36C3gmE3fWY)
+- In late 2019, [CIA agent Anne Sacoolas hit and killed a British teenage pedestrian named Harry Dunn with her car](https://thegrayzone.com/2020/02/18/assange-us-extradite-cia-killed-british-teen/#more-20969), while she was driving on the wrong side of the road, near the RAF Croughton base in the UK where she and her husband (both CIA agents) worked. After the Foreign and Commonwealth office rejected Anne Sacoolas request for diplomatic immunity, Anne fled the UK on a US Air Force plane. Both the US and UK governments lied to the Dunn family, saying that she was a US diplomat, and hid the fact that she had fled for months. In October, the Dunn family visited the White House and met with Donald Trump. According to Seiger, Trump tried to buy off the couple, promising them that Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin was “standing by ready to write a check.” Trump reportedly blindsided the Dunns, telling them that Sacoolas was in the other room waiting to meet with them. The couple refused the offer, demanding her extradition. Sacoolas's lawyers have stated, “Anne will not return voluntarily to the United Kingdom to face a potential jail sentence for what was a terrible but unintentional accident.” As of February 2020, the extradition request is at an impasse, while at the same time the UK is complying with Julian Assange's extradition to the US. RAF Croughton base houses agents from the NSA and CIA, and is famous for being exposed by NSA whistleblower Edward Snowden for forwarding information from German Chancellor Angela Merkel’s phone to the CIA. On march 2021, the [US admitted that sacoolas was a CIA agent.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=36C3gmE3fWY)
 - In 2003, the CIA kidnapped Italian milanese Imam Abu Omar, took him to Egypt, then tortured, including rape, genital electro-shock, and resulted in him becoming deaf in one ear, in the [Imam Rapito Affair.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imam_Rapito_affair) On 23 December 2005, a judge issued a European arrest warrant against 22 CIA agents, but the US hasn't responded.
 - In 2002, GW Bush signed into law the ["Hague invasion act"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Service-Members'_Protection_Act), IE the American Service-Members' Protection Act, which gives the US: "all means necessary and appropriate to bring about the release of any U.S. or allied personnel being detained or imprisoned by, on behalf of, or at the request of the International Criminal Court".
 - In 2001, due to the passing of the Nazi War Crimes Disclosure Act, the US was forced to disclose the [full extent of its collaboration and protection of nazi war criminals](https://ips-dc.org/the_cias_worst-kept_secret_newly_declassified_files_confirm_united_states_collaboration_with_nazis/).
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ Notes :
 - On October 12th, 2019, yet another police officer went into a home, and [shot and killed the inhabitant, 28-year-old Atatiana Jefferson, in Fort Worth, TX.](https://www.fox4news.com/news/woman-fatally-shot-inside-her-home-by-fort-worth-officer) It began with a neighbor who called 911, after seeing a house with the door open - “When I made that non-emergency call, I didn’t say it was a burglary. I didn’t say it was people fighting. I didn’t say anything to make them have a gun. All they needed to do is ring the doorbell,” neighbor James Smith said. The officer has been placed on paid leave.
 - On Augist 24th, 2019, Minneapolis police arrested black teen Elijah McClain, beat him, held him down, [and injected him with ketamine, killing him.](https://twitter.com/TheSharkPunch/status/1274774156848984064?s=20) [Ketamine injections (forced drugging) are a widespread practice used by police to subdue suspects.](http://archive.is/SJ9B1)
 - On June 12th, 2019, [US marshalls shot and killed 20 year old Brandon Webber](https://dailymemphian.com/section/metro/article/5619/Chaos-erupts-following-officer-involved-shooting-in-Frayser-area), as he was getting into his vehicle outside his home. The police have alternately claimed that he rammed them with his car, and that he was carrying a weapon, but aren't releasing details or dashcams. The killing provoked a [strong protest from the community](https://apnews.com/c290fd44dace4fe7b836110de77c1894), police used tear gas to disperse the crowd, and arrested three people. 36 cops were injured from flying rocks and bricks thrown by protestors. Mayor Strickland stated: "Let me be clear, the aggression shown towards our officers and deputies (Wednesday night) was unwarranted." Memphis police have a history of killings of young black men, including Darrius Stewart, an unarmed 19 year old shot and killed in 2015.
-- In March, 2019, an [Oklahoma City cop shot 14-year-old Lorenzo Clerkley Jr. twice](https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/05/07/i-think-its-cap-gun-police-officer-said-he-opened-fire-an-eighth-grader-moments-later/?utm_term=.834e837faea9) through a crack in a wooden fence, only giving him a 0.6 second warning, while him and his friends were playing with BB guns in their backyard. [The horrific scene showed that the cop knew they were BB guns before shooting.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVP2xmahm70) It also shows Lorenzo telling him he was shot in the right side, then the cop rolling him on that side, as well as being dragged over broken glass. The family does not have health insurance and can’t afford the medical bills, including a $1,300 ambulance ride. Oklahoma County District Attorney determined the shooting was justified, and the Officer is currently on paid leave. A review of all of the department’s police shootings between 2004 and 2013 found that [none of the 78 police shootings investigated by the homicide unit ever resulted in criminal charges, firing, demotion, or unpaid time off.](https://newsok.com/special/article/4747453/deadly-force-a-decade-of-oklahoma-city-police-department-shootings)
+- In March, 2019, an [Oklahoma City cop shot 14-year-old Lorenzo Clerkley Jr. twice](https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/05/07/i-think-its-cap-gun-police-officer-said-he-opened-fire-an-eighth-grader-moments-later/?utm_term=.834e837faea9) through a crack in a wooden fence, only giving him a 0.6 second warning, while him and his friends were playing with BB guns in their backyard. [The horrific scene showed that the cop knew they were BB guns before shooting.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=eVP2xmahm70) It also shows Lorenzo telling him he was shot in the right side, then the cop rolling him on that side, as well as being dragged over broken glass. The family does not have health insurance and can’t afford the medical bills, including a $1,300 ambulance ride. Oklahoma County District Attorney determined the shooting was justified, and the Officer is currently on paid leave. A review of all of the department’s police shootings between 2004 and 2013 found that [none of the 78 police shootings investigated by the homicide unit ever resulted in criminal charges, firing, demotion, or unpaid time off.](https://newsok.com/special/article/4747453/deadly-force-a-decade-of-oklahoma-city-police-department-shootings)
 - On September 27th, 2018, a Dallas TX police officer getting off work entered the apartment of 26 year old Botham Jean (thinking it was her own), and [shot and killed him](https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/7202254/dallas-cop-enters-wrong-house-kills-man-thought-burglar/). The officer, Amber Guyger, at first was placed on administrative leave, and eventually was charged with manslaughter. Jeans family accused the Dallas Police Department of using Jean's marijuana use in news articles as a justification for his murder. The trial for Amber Guyger concluded in October, 2019, finding Amber Guyger guilty, but only receiving a 10 year sentence. The judge [hugged her after the verdict.](https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2019/10/08/dallas-judge-defends-giving-amber-guyger-bible-hug-saying-she-could-not-refuse/) One of the witnesses of the murder, Jean's next door neighbor Joshua Brown, is suspiciously [murdered a few days after the trial](https://nypost.com/2019/10/07/slain-witness-joshua-brown-was-expected-to-testify-in-lawsuit-against-dallas-police/). He was expected to testify against police in a different case, a second time. [1](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/botham-jean-family-wants-to-put-one-rumor-to-rest-dallas-shooting-amber-guyger/),[2](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/botham-jean-family-wants-to-put-one-rumor-to-rest-dallas-shooting-amber-guyger/),[3](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_Police_Department#Killing_of_Botham_Jean)
 - On June 20th 2018, a Pittsburgh PA cop shot 17-year old [Antwon Rose in the back while he was running away](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2018/06/20/police-fatally-shoot-17-year-old-antwon-rose-fleeing-traffic-stop-east-pittsburgh/719334002/) and killed him. Luckily a cell phone video caught the incident, showing officers handcuffing his corpse. "He was just a really lovely, gentle kid," Gisele Fetterman told the newspaper at a World Refugee Day event in Market Square on Wednesday. "His mom is amazing. All the kids loved him. Just a fine person. Bubbly. Funny. Goofy. Just really special."[1](https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2018/06/20/police-fatally-shoot-17-year-old-antwon-rose-fleeing-traffic-stop-east-pittsburgh/719334002/)
 - On July 19th, 2017, Cincinatti OH prosecutors decided not to pursue a third murder trial for police officer Ray Tensing, who shot [Samuel DuBose in the head](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Samuel_DuBose) on July 19th 2015, killing him, after pulling him over for a missing front license plate. The prosecutor told the mother, "since there are more racists in Hamilton county than not, its pointless to pursue another trial because you won't get a conviction." Tensing was wearing a confederate battle flag T-shirt when he murdered DuBose. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Samuel_DuBose)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ Notes :
 - On November 5th, 2015, [Two police officers shot and killed 24-year old Jamar Clark](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Jamar_Clark). The cops were placed on paid leave. Protests over the shooting lead to another act of terrorism where 4 white men shot 5 Black lives matter protestors. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Jamar_Clark)
 - In May, 2010, [Kalief Browder](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalief_Browder), a 16 year old black teen, was arrested while walking home in the Bronx, on suspicion of robbery. He was held for 3 years on [Riker Island](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikers_Island), a New York jail notorious for its horrible treatment of inmates, without trial or conviction, refusing to accept the state's plea deal and staunchly defending his innocence, until the case was finally dismissed. Kalief was held for 2 of his 3 years in solitary confinement, and his deteriorating mental health lead him to attempt suicide multiple times. After his release, Kalief Browder committed suicide by hanging himself, in June, 2015. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalief_Browder), [2](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2016/10/18/kalief-browder-hanged-himself-after-jail-destroyed-him-then-a-broken-heart-killed-his-mother/)
 - On May 16, 2010, Police officer Joseph Weekley [killed Aiyana Stanley-Jones with a headshot](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jan/31/detroit-aiyana-stanley-jones-police-officer-cleared), a 7 year old black girl, as she slept on a sofa inside her home on the east side of Detroit. On January 28, 2015, a prosecutor cleared Weekley of the last remaining charge against him, ensuring there would not be a third trial.[1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Aiyana_Jones), [2](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jan/31/detroit-aiyana-stanley-jones-police-officer-cleared)
-- On April 12, 2015, [Freddie Carlos Gray, Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray), a 25-year-old [Black man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_American), was [arrested](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrested) by the [Baltimore Police Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Police_Department) for possessing what the police alleged was an illegal [switchblade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchblade) under Baltimore law. While being transported in a [police van](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_van), several cops held him down, putting pressure on his spinal cord, after which he fell into a [coma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma) and died on April 19, 2015. This sparked a series of [protests in Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Baltimore_protests); riot police responded violently, and called in the national guard to aid against the "thugs", as they were labeled by [Obama in a press conference](https://youtu.be/ml1LzRenH_Q). After the protests were put down, the police officers were given separate trials, and all of them were found innocent. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray)
+- On April 12, 2015, [Freddie Carlos Gray, Jr.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray), a 25-year-old [Black man](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_American), was [arrested](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrested) by the [Baltimore Police Department](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_Police_Department) for possessing what the police alleged was an illegal [switchblade](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switchblade) under Baltimore law. While being transported in a [police van](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_van), several cops held him down, putting pressure on his spinal cord, after which he fell into a [coma](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma) and died on April 19, 2015. This sparked a series of [protests in Baltimore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Baltimore_protests); riot police responded violently, and called in the national guard to aid against the "thugs", as they were labeled by [Obama in a press conference](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ml1LzRenH_Q). After the protests were put down, the police officers were given separate trials, and all of them were found innocent. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Freddie_Gray)
 - On March 30, 2015, After being pulled over for rolling through a stop sign, [Floyd Dent](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/mar/30/floyd-dent-police-inkster-michigan-beating) was beaten by officer William Melendez, who had a history of civil complaints for brutality. Melendez punched him 15 times in the temple, put him in a chokehold, until another officer arrived and tased him. Melendez repeatedly threatened to kill Dent, and plant drugs on him. [1](https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/mar/30/floyd-dent-police-inkster-michigan-beating)
 - The [shooting of Walter Scott](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Walter_Scott) occurred on April 4, 2015, in [North Charleston, South Carolina](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Charleston,_South_Carolina), following a daytime [traffic stop](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_stop) for a non-functioning brake light. Scott, an unarmed black man, was murdered by Michael Slager, a white North Charleston police officer. Slager was only charged with murder after an eyewitness video surfaced which showed him shooting Scott from behind while Scott was fleeing, and which contradicted his police report. Without the video, the shooting would've likely been deemed justified, as nearly all murders by police result in no charges. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Walter_Scott)
 - On November 22, 2014, in [Cleveland](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland), [Ohio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio), two police officers killed 12 year old [Tamir Rice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Tamir_Rice), after receiving a call that he had a weapon. It turned out to be a toy. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Tamir_Rice)
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ Notes :
 - In July 2017, [police shot Ismael Lopez](https://www.cnn.com/2017/07/29/us/mississippi-man-shot-dead/index.html), a Mississippi car mechanic, in the back of the head at his own home, killing him. While the police say that he was holding a weapon, his guns were nowhere near his dead body, and police also killed his dog, and bullet holes were found from police shooting through the front door. No officer has been charged.[1](https://www.cnn.com/2017/07/29/us/mississippi-man-shot-dead/index.html)
 - The [United States Department of Homeland Security](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security) rescinded [DACA](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deferred_Action_for_Childhood_Arrivals), or Deferred Action on Childhood Arrivals, a program which protects ~ 800,000 minors from being deported, on June 16, 2017, while continuing to review the existence of the DACA program as a whole. The DACA policy was rescinded by the [Trump administration](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trump_administration) on September 5, 2017, but full implementation of the rescission was delayed six months to give Congress time to decide how to deal with the population that was previously eligible under the policy. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deferred_Action_for_Childhood_Arrivals)
 - Beginning in May 2017, ICE began another wave of deportation targeting Mexicans. Hugo Mejia and a coworker, Rodrigo Nuñez, were imprisoned by ICE officials, despite living in the US for 17 years, and having clean records.[1](http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/05/12/workers-detained-by-ice-while-doing-construction-job-on-military-base/)
-- Beginning in 1994, sheriff [Joe Arpaio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Arpaio) opened up a "tent city", outside of phoenix, a facility which he called, his own "personal concentration camp", used to house prisoners, in terrible conditions. In 2011, inmates complained that fans near their beds were not working, and that their shoes were melting from the heat.[[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Arpaio#cite_note-45) During the summer of 2003, when outside temperatures exceeded 110 °F (43 °C), Arpaio said to complaining inmates, "It's 120 degrees in Iraq and the soldiers are living in tents and they didn't commit any crimes, so shut your mouths!". Arpaio reinstuted chain gangs (for female prisoners as well), forcing people to work 7 hours a day, 7 days a week. Arpaio also entrapped 18-year-old James Saville into an assassination attempt against himself. Saville's attorneys eventually discovered that MCSO detectives had bought the bomb parts themselves, then convinced Saville to build it even though he was not predisposed to commit such a crime. On July 9, 2003, a Maricopa County Superior Court jury acquitted Saville, finding that the bomb plot was an elaborate publicity stunt to boost Arpaio's reelection bid. On April 4th, 2017, newly elected Phoenix sheriff Paul Penzone finally closed it down due to public pressure, after 23 years of operation. Trump pardoned sherriff Arpaio in August 2017, after holding a rally in Phoenix AZ in which [police tear-gassed protesters.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8aKkaF93as) [1](http://www.abc15.com/news/state/paul-penzone-to-shut-down-tent-city-after-decades-of-operation)
+- Beginning in 1994, sheriff [Joe Arpaio](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Arpaio) opened up a "tent city", outside of phoenix, a facility which he called, his own "personal concentration camp", used to house prisoners, in terrible conditions. In 2011, inmates complained that fans near their beds were not working, and that their shoes were melting from the heat.[[45\]](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Arpaio#cite_note-45) During the summer of 2003, when outside temperatures exceeded 110 °F (43 °C), Arpaio said to complaining inmates, "It's 120 degrees in Iraq and the soldiers are living in tents and they didn't commit any crimes, so shut your mouths!". Arpaio reinstuted chain gangs (for female prisoners as well), forcing people to work 7 hours a day, 7 days a week. Arpaio also entrapped 18-year-old James Saville into an assassination attempt against himself. Saville's attorneys eventually discovered that MCSO detectives had bought the bomb parts themselves, then convinced Saville to build it even though he was not predisposed to commit such a crime. On July 9, 2003, a Maricopa County Superior Court jury acquitted Saville, finding that the bomb plot was an elaborate publicity stunt to boost Arpaio's reelection bid. On April 4th, 2017, newly elected Phoenix sheriff Paul Penzone finally closed it down due to public pressure, after 23 years of operation. Trump pardoned sherriff Arpaio in August 2017, after holding a rally in Phoenix AZ in which [police tear-gassed protesters.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=T8aKkaF93as) [1](http://www.abc15.com/news/state/paul-penzone-to-shut-down-tent-city-after-decades-of-operation)
 - On March 25th-27th, 2017, ICE agents [arrested 84 immigrants](http://www.kgw.com/news/local/ice-arrests-84-people-during-3-day-sweep-of-pacific-northwest/426890395) in Oregon and Washington. Many arrested had no criminal background. [Oregon Governor Katie Brown](https://twitter.com/OregonGovBrown/status/847529947899904000) complied with ICE, but received vitriolic responses when she [tweeted in support](https://twitter.com/OregonGovBrown/status/847529947899904000) of immigrant families. [1](http://www.kgw.com/news/local/ice-arrests-84-people-during-3-day-sweep-of-pacific-northwest/426890395)
 - On March 27th, 2017, ICE agents in Chicago broke into the home of [Felix Torres](http://www.rawstory.com/2017/03/unarmed-legal-resident-in-critical-condition-after-ice-agents-raided-chicago-home-and-shot-him-family/), and shot him while he and his family slept in their home. After speaking with Torres’ daughter, [the People’s Response Team added](https://www.facebook.com/PeoplesResponseTeam/photos/a.724838781005672.1073741828.724231234399760/765074203648796/?type=3&theater) that “no members of the family are undocumented, and the family has lived in the home for at least 30 years.”Carmen Torres said, “They didn’t say anything. They just came in and pointed pistols in our faces and dragged us out,” [DNA Info reported](https://www.dnainfo.com/chicago/20170327/belmont-cragin/police-shoot-wound-person-belmont-cragin). “It’s a lie when they say he was holding a gun. He doesn’t even own a gun,” she said. “They shot my dad. They shot him, and I don’t know why.” He is in critical condition. [1](http://www.rawstory.com/2017/03/unarmed-legal-resident-in-critical-condition-after-ice-agents-raided-chicago-home-and-shot-him-family/)
 - In early 2017, ICE began a [campaign of arrests and deportation](https://theintercept.com/2017/02/14/ice-arrested-nearly-700-people-last-week-advocates-are-bracing-for-more-to-come/) of undocumented immigrants. 700 People have been arrested so far. [1](https://theintercept.com/2017/02/14/ice-arrested-nearly-700-people-last-week-advocates-are-bracing-for-more-to-come/)
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@ Notes :
 - On July 23rd, 2017, the ACLU filed a lawsuit against Washington DC police, after [police sexually abused protestors](https://www.democracynow.org/2017/6/23/headlines/aclu_lawsuit_claims_dc_police_sexually_abused_anti_trump_protesters) arrested during Donald Trump’s inauguration on January 20, when hundreds were arrested. A complaint by four plaintiffs charges officers stripped them, grabbed their genitalia and inserted fingers into their anuses while other officers laughed. One of the plaintiffs, photojournalist Shay Horse, said, "I felt like they were using molestation and rape as punishment. They used those tactics to inflict pain and misery on people who are supposed to be innocent until proven guilty." In a statement, D.C.'s Metropolitan Police Department promised an investigation but defended its officers' actions, saying all arrests on January 20 were proper. In December, 2017, all the charges against the J20 protesters were dropped. [1](https://www.democracynow.org/2017/6/23/headlines/aclu_lawsuit_claims_dc_police_sexually_abused_anti_trump_protesters)
 - In June 2017, the FBI arrested [Reality Winner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_Winner), an NSA contractor, shortly after _The Intercept_ published an article describing Russian attempts to interfere with the 2016 presidential election, based on classified [National Security Agency](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Security_Agency) (NSA) documents leaked to them anonymously. She is currently in jail for "willful retention and transmission of national defense information", and was denied bail. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_Winner)
 - In 2017, Wikileaks published a series of CIA leaks titled [Vault 7](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vault_7). The files, dated from 2013–2016, include details on software capabilities of the agency, such as the ability to compromise [smart televisions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_TV) [smartphones](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smartphone), including [Apple](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Inc.)'s [iPhone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone) and phones running [Google](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google)'s [Android](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_%28operating_system%29) operating system, as well as [operating systems](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system) such as [Windows](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows), [macOS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacOS), and [Linux](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux). By adding malware to the Android operating system, the agency can gain access to secure communications made on a device. A program called "Weeping Angel", is claimed to be able to use [Samsung](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samsung) [smart televisions](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_TV) as [covert listening devices](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covert_listening_device), allowing an infected smart television to be used "as a bug, recording conversations in the room and sending them over the internet to a covert C.I.A. server" even if it appears to be off. [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vault_7)
-- Despite claims from US political figures that they "support the troops", there is a 100+ year long history of [experimentation on US troops](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRMT1eozxPg) —from nuclear tests to psychotropic drugs—as well as knowingly exposing them to deadly poisons, from sarin gas to Agent Orange. Most damning is that the hundreds of thousands of veterans seeking help from the government for the side-effects are always met with lies and denial. [1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRMT1eozxPg)
+- Despite claims from US political figures that they "support the troops", there is a 100+ year long history of [experimentation on US troops](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TRMT1eozxPg) —from nuclear tests to psychotropic drugs—as well as knowingly exposing them to deadly poisons, from sarin gas to Agent Orange. Most damning is that the hundreds of thousands of veterans seeking help from the government for the side-effects are always met with lies and denial. [1](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TRMT1eozxPg)
 - In 2013, [Edward Snowden](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Snowden#Global_surveillance_disclosures), an NSA contractor, leaked secret NSA documents exposing a world-wide network of surveillance lead by the US, in the [Global surveillance disclosures](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)>). Some NSA programs revealed were [PRISM](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM_%28surveillance_program%29) (which collects the e-mail, voice, text and video chats of foreigners and an unknown number of Americans from Microsoft, Google, Facebook, Yahoo, Apple and other tech giants), [UPSTREAM](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRISM_(surveillance_program)#Related_U.S._government_surveillance_programs>), in which the NSA made deals with fiberoptic undersea cable companies to spy on emails, web pages, and phone calls across continents, GENIE, in which smartphone manufacturers of iphone and android bundled spying programs, and [XKeyScore](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XKeyscore#Scope_and_functioning), which allowed NSA agents to help build a "fingerprint" of a target by watching their emails, traffic to and from website, and track associations. _The Washington Post_ revealed that the NSA has been tracking the locations of mobile phones from all over the world by tapping into the cables that connect mobile networks globally and that serve U.S. cellphones as well as foreign ones. In the process of doing so, the NSA collects more than five billion records of phone locations on a daily basis. This enables NSA analysts to map cellphone owners' relationships by correlating their patterns of movement over time with thousands or millions of other phoneusers who cross their paths. Australia ([ASD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate)), Britain ([GCHQ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters)), Canada ([CSEC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment_Canada)), Denmark ([PET](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiets_Efterretningstjeneste)), France ([DGSE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directorate-General_for_External_Security)), Germany ([BND](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundesnachrichtendienst)), Italy ([AISE](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenzia_Informazioni_e_Sicurezza_Esterna)), the Netherlands ([AIVD](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algemene_Inlichtingen_en_Veiligheidsdienst)), Norway ([NIS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_Intelligence_Service)), Spain ([CNI](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centro_Nacional_de_Inteligencia)), Switzerland ([NDB](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_intelligence_agencies)), Singapore ([SID](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_and_Intelligence_division)) as well as Israel ([ISNU](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_8200)), were found to be spying on their own citizens, and sharing that data with countries and businesses [1](<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)>)
 - Since 2012, the US military has a [state-run and funded astroturfing campaign](https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/mar/17/us-spy-operation-social-networks) to manipulate public opinion online, and spread pro-US propaganda through government funded sockpuppets, called [Operation Earnest Voice](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Voice).
 - The 2010 [US diplomatic cables leak](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak) by Chelsea Manning revealed a pervasive policy of using US ambassadors as spies, supporting dictatorships, spying on the UN, strong-arming for US companies abroad, and disrupting nuclear disarmament talks. The scope of these leaks touches every country the US has a relationship with, and they are better detailed [here](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak). [1](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak), [2](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak)
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ Notes :
 - [x] Noam chomsky on presidents video
 - [x] http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/CIAtimeline.html
 - [x] http://www.salon.com/2014/03/08/35_countries_the_u_s_has_backed_international_crime_partner/
-- [x] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g5rVD_TXrjo
+- [x] https://youtube.com/watch?v=g5rVD_TXrjo
 - [x] http://xpatnation.com/the-cia-operations-that-undermined-latin-american-democracy/
 - [x] http://endgenocide.org/learn/past-genocides/native-americans/
 - [x] http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-has-killed-more-than-20-million-people-in-37-victim-nations-since-world-war-ii/5492051
diff --git a/why_not_signal.md b/why_not_signal.md
index d5e9800..d59b2f2 100644
--- a/why_not_signal.md
+++ b/why_not_signal.md
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ The reason the US government hasn't tried to block or hinder Signal, _is because
 
 The US has an [interesting law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter) that applies to _any US company_ operating within its borders: it is **illegal to tell your users that the the US government has asked your company to spy on their behalf.** This is called a [key disclosure law](https://www.privacyguides.org/providers/#kdl), and the US's version of it, called [National Security Letters](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security_letter), underwent an expansion with the PATRIOT act.
 
-Companies that don't comply with this law, [such as Lavabit, are forced to shut themselves down in protest, in order to avoid prison time](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=spW0q-g2BxU), or remain open, and funnel user communications to the US government. The Signal foundation is a US domiciled company, and must comply with this law.
+Companies that don't comply with this law, [such as Lavabit, are forced to shut themselves down in protest, in order to avoid prison time](https://youtube.com/watch?v=spW0q-g2BxU), or remain open, and funnel user communications to the US government. The Signal foundation is a US domiciled company, and must comply with this law.
 
 Signal also notably **isn't self-hostable**: there's no way to run your own signal server, and control your data. [Marlinspike ruthlessly shuts down anyone attempting to build alternate clients or servers that could communicate with the main one.](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal/issues/37#issuecomment-217211165) [2](https://github.com/LibreSignal/LibreSignal)
 
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ Phone numbers in nearly every country, including the US, **are directly linked t
 
 This is also why it's impossible for anonymous or Internet-only activists to use Signal: by giving others their phone number, they give away their full name and address.
 
-[Privacy advocates stress that services need to minimize "linkability"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ACI7zZGgi80): the less identifiers that link to your real identity, the better. Signal forgoes this requirement in favor of easy onboarding, and connecting to your existing contacts and message history. That might be acceptable for an Apple or Whatsapp, but shouldn't be for one marketing itself to activists as "secure".
+[Privacy advocates stress that services need to minimize "linkability"](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ACI7zZGgi80): the less identifiers that link to your real identity, the better. Signal forgoes this requirement in favor of easy onboarding, and connecting to your existing contacts and message history. That might be acceptable for an Apple or Whatsapp, but shouldn't be for one marketing itself to activists as "secure".
 
 Signal also allows you to be discoverable via your phone number, without your consent. Law enforcement officials frequently add the phone numbers of suspects, or groups of suspects to their own signal app, and signal will happily tell them which of their suspects are using signal.
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ An exhaustive list of other technical concerns, such as Signal's reliance on Goo
 
 ### End-to-end encrypted
 
-The communication between persons or groups of persons should be encrypted in such a way that only the senders and recipients can read the messages. For an explanation of how this works, [watch this video on public key cryptography.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YEBfamv-_do)
+The communication between persons or groups of persons should be encrypted in such a way that only the senders and recipients can read the messages. For an explanation of how this works, [watch this video on public key cryptography.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=YEBfamv-_do)
 
 ### Open Source
 
diff --git a/workout_routine.md b/workout_routine.md
index 781a8d3..7c5be0e 100644
--- a/workout_routine.md
+++ b/workout_routine.md
@@ -30,41 +30,41 @@ Use the android app XPlayer, a video player you can mute. You can then listen to
 
 ### Cardio
 
-- [Dr. Eric Berg - sprint interval training](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_eB3z1mhlBw) . [Studies](https://runrepeat.com/sprint-interval-training)
+- [Dr. Eric Berg - sprint interval training](https://youtube.com/watch?v=_eB3z1mhlBw) . [Studies](https://runrepeat.com/sprint-interval-training)
   - Do 10-20s all-out sprint, 2m rest, 4-6 times in a session. Twice per week. (10m total)
-  - Mark's daily apple - [Sprint interval training](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2YogM9wXAJg)
+  - Mark's daily apple - [Sprint interval training](https://youtube.com/watch?v=2YogM9wXAJg)
   - [Guide.](https://experiencelife.lifetime.life/article/the-beginners-guide-to-sprint-interval-training/)
-- [FitnessBlender - 20 min Brutal HIIT Ladder Workout](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZnsLVArIt8)
+- [FitnessBlender - 20 min Brutal HIIT Ladder Workout](https://youtube.com/watch?v=cZnsLVArIt8)
 
 ### Abs
 
-- [Jeff nippard best 3 ab exercises](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2RrGnjxSsiA)
-- [Athlean X - 2 best ab exercises](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HhXl6NAxUAo)
+- [Jeff nippard best 3 ab exercises](https://youtube.com/watch?v=2RrGnjxSsiA)
+- [Athlean X - 2 best ab exercises](https://youtube.com/watch?v=HhXl6NAxUAo)
 
 ### Chest
 
-- [MiDASMVMT - 15 min dumbell chest workout](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4o1YzksPuqg)
-- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min chest and shoulder](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDtemhu9PjA)
+- [MiDASMVMT - 15 min dumbell chest workout](https://youtube.com/watch?v=4o1YzksPuqg)
+- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min chest and shoulder](https://youtube.com/watch?v=TDtemhu9PjA)
 
 ### Arms
 
-- [Fraser Wilson - 15 min arm workout](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UY6-JzdnHUM)
-- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min dumbell arms](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzwU9RR6l2w)
+- [Fraser Wilson - 15 min arm workout](https://youtube.com/watch?v=UY6-JzdnHUM)
+- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min dumbell arms](https://youtube.com/watch?v=nzwU9RR6l2w)
 
 ### Lower
 
-- [FitnessBlender - 30 min dumbbell squats and deadlifts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R0FxMguetIw)
-- [Juice & Toya - 20 min lower body dumbell workout](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_PRk8DH2_mY)
-- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min home leg workout](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-wg9g9Uxomg)
+- [FitnessBlender - 30 min dumbbell squats and deadlifts](https://youtube.com/watch?v=R0FxMguetIw)
+- [Juice & Toya - 20 min lower body dumbell workout](https://youtube.com/watch?v=_PRk8DH2_mY)
+- [Fraser Wilson - 20 min home leg workout](https://youtube.com/watch?v=-wg9g9Uxomg)
 
 ### Posture / Stretching
 
-- [Jeremy Ethier / GjustLink - Follow-along 12 min posture routine ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oV67sCZwBuc)
-- [Dr. Berg - knee pain](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1NF6XAJq7KE)
-- [Tone and tighten - Knee pain.](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ikt6NME0k9E)
-- [Doctor Jo - Knee pain](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UW8UWZ2gvd0)
+- [Jeremy Ethier / GjustLink - Follow-along 12 min posture routine ](https://youtube.com/watch?v=oV67sCZwBuc)
+- [Dr. Berg - knee pain](https://youtube.com/watch?v=1NF6XAJq7KE)
+- [Tone and tighten - Knee pain.](https://youtube.com/watch?v=ikt6NME0k9E)
+- [Doctor Jo - Knee pain](https://youtube.com/watch?v=UW8UWZ2gvd0)
 
 ### Dieting
 
-- [Dr. Fung - Intermittent Fasting - the science and benefits](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7nJgHBbEgsE)
-- [Jeff Nippard - The smartest way to get lean](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8V9ZaSq9Oc)
+- [Dr. Fung - Intermittent Fasting - the science and benefits](https://youtube.com/watch?v=7nJgHBbEgsE)
+- [Jeff Nippard - The smartest way to get lean](https://youtube.com/watch?v=d8V9ZaSq9Oc)