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\cardfrontfoot{Accumulated Wisdom}

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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Hanlon's Law}
Never attribute to malice that which can be adequately explained by stupidity.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Alder's Razor}
If something cannot be settled by experiment or observation, then it is not worthy of debate.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ (also known as Newton's Flaming Laser Sword)
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Grice's Razor}
As a principle of parsimony, conversational implicatures are to be preferred over semantic context for linguistic explanations.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ (In other words, address what the speaker \\actually meant, instead of addressing the \\literal meaning of what they said.)
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Hitchen's Razor}
That which can be asserted without evidence \\can be dismissed without evidence.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Hume's Guillotine}
What ought to be cannot be deduced from what is; prescriptive claims cannot be derived solely from descriptive claims, and must depend on other prescriptions.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Occam's Razor}
Explanations which require fewer unjustified assumptions are more likely to be correct; avoid unnecessary or improbably assumptions.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Popper's Falsifiability Criterion}
For a theory to be considered scientific, \\it must be falsifiable.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Sagan Standard}
Extraordinary claims \\require extraordinary evidence.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Clarke's First Law}
When a distinguished but elderly scientist \\states that something is possible, he is \\almost certainly right. \par\vspace{\baselineskip} When he states that something is impossible, \\he is very probably wrong.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Clarke's Second Law}
The only way of discovering the limits of the \\possible is to venture a little way past them \\into the improbable.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Clarke's Third Law}
Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.
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\begin{flashcard}[Abductive Reasoning]{The Duck Test}
If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably \textit{is} a duck.
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\begin{flashcard}[Abductive Reasoning]{Liskov Substitution \\Principle}
If it looks like a duck and quacks like a duck but it needs batteries, you probably have the wrong abstraction.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Murphy's Law}
If something can go wrong, it will.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Cunningham's Law}
The best way to get the right answer on the \\internet is not to ask a question; \\it's to post the wrong answer.
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\begin{flashcard}[Philosophical Razor]{Feynman's Razor}
If you can't explain something simply, \\then you don't really understand it.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Twain's Rule}
Never argue with a fool; \\onlookers may not be able to tell the difference.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Acton's Dictum}
``Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Great men are almost always bad men, even when they exercise influence and not authority, still more when you superadd the tendency or the certainty of corruption by authority.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Wirth's Law}
Software is getting slower more rapidly than hardware is becoming faster.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Doctorow's Law}
``Anytime someone puts a lock on something you own, against your wishes, and doesn't give you the key, they're not doing it for your benefit.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Conway's Law}
Any piece of software reflects the organizational structure that produced it.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Campbell's Law}
``The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Betteridge's \\Law of Headlines}
``Any headline that ends in a question mark \\can be answered by the word \textit{no}.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Benford's \\Law of Controversy}
``Passion is inversely proportional to the\\amount of real information available.''\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ Gregory Benford, \textit{Timescape}
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Brandolini's Law}
The amount of energy needed to refute \\bullshit is an order of magnitude bigger \\than that needed to produce it.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ (Also known as the Bullshit Asymmetry Principle)
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Cheop's Law}
Nothing ever gets built on schedule \\or within budget.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\  Robert A. Heinlein, \textit{Time Enough for Love}
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\begin{flashcard}[Narrative Principle]{Chekhov's Gun}
If there is a gun on the mantle in the first act,\\it must go off in the third act.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Goodhart's Law}
When a measure becomes a target, \\it ceases to be a good measure.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Gall's Law}
``A complex system that works is invariably \\found to have evolved from a simple system \\that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up \\to make it work. \\You have to start over with a \\working simple system.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Godwin's Law}
``As an online discussion grows longer, the probability of a comparison involving \\Nazis or Hitler approaches one.\\
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Ginsberg's Theorem}
\setlist{nolistsep}
\begin{enumerate}[noitemsep]
\item There is a game, which you are \\already playing.
\item You cannot win in the game.
\item You cannot break even in the game.
\item You cannot even quit the game.
\end{enumerate}
\end{flashcard}

\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Gibson's Law}
For every PhD there is an equal and opposite PhD.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Moore's Law}
The number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles about every two years.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Finagle's Law}
Anything that can go wrong, will\\—at the worst possible moment.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ Popularized by Larry Niven
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{O'Toole's Corollary\\of Finagle's Law}
The perversity of the Universe \\tends toward a maximum.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Gell-Mann Amnesia Effect}
Believing newspaper articles outside one's \\area of expertise, even after acknowledging that neighboring articles in one's area of \\expertise are completely wrong.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Hick-Hyman Law}
The time it takes for a person to make \\a decision increases logarithmically \\based on the number of choices.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Hofstadter's Law}
It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter's Law.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Humphrey's Law}
Conscious attention to a task normally performed automatically can impair its performance.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\(Also known as The Centipede's Dilemma)
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Hutber's Law}Improvement means deterioration—if a company tells you it is 'improving' the service it provides, it almost always means that it will be doing less for you, or charging you more, or both.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Kranzberg's Laws of Technology}
\begin{scriptsize}
\setlist{nolistsep}
\begin{enumerate}[noitemsep]
\item Technology is neither good nor bad; nor is it neutral.
\item Invention is the mother of necessity.
\item Technology comes in packages, bit and small.
\item Although technology might be a prime element in many \\public issues, nontechnical factors take precedence in \\techology-policy decisions.
\item All history is relevant, but the history of technology is \\the most relevant.
\item Technology is a very human activity—and so is the history \\of technology.
\end{enumerate}
\end{scriptsize}
\end{flashcard}

\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Leibniz's Law}
If two objects have all their properties in common, then they are one and the same object.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Lewis's Law}
The comments on any article \\about feminism justify feminism.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Pareto Principle}
For many outcomes, roughly 80\% of the consequences come from 20\% of the causes.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Parkinson's Law}
Work expands to fill the time \\available for its completion.\vspace*{\baselineskip}\\ \textbf{Corollary:} Expenditures rise to meet income.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Peltzman Effect}
Safety measures are offset \\by increased risk-taking.
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\begin{flashcard}[Observation]{Peter Principle}
``In a hierarchy, every employee tends \\to rise to his level of incompetence.''
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Poe's Law}
Without a clear indicator of the author's intent, \\any parodic or sarcastic expression of extreme \\views can be mistaken by some readers for \\a sincere expression of those views.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Putt's Law}
Technology is dominated by two types of people: those who understand what they do \\not manage and those who manage \\what they do not understand.
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\begin{flashcard}[Law]{Putt's Corollary}
Every technical hierarchy, in time, \\develops a competence inversion. 
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