ls - list directory contents
-ls [OPTION]... [FILE]...
-List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified.
-Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-do not ignore entries starting with .
-do not list implied . and ..
-with -l, print the author of each file
-print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters
-with -l, scale sizes by SIZE when printing them; e.g., '--block-size=M'; see SIZE format below
-do not list implied entries ending with ~
-with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information); with -l: show ctime and sort by name; otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first
-list entries by columns
-colorize the output; WHEN can be 'always' (default if omitted), 'auto', or 'never'; more info below
-list directories themselves, not their contents
-generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
-do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color
-append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries
-likewise, except do not append '*'
-across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C
-like -l --time-style=full-iso
-like -l, but do not list owner
-group directories before files;
-can be augmented with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping
-in a long listing, don't print group names
-with -l and -s, print sizes like 1K 234M 2G etc.
-likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-follow symbolic links listed on the command line
-follow each command line symbolic link
-that points to a directory
-do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A)
-hyperlink file names; WHEN can be 'always' (default if omitted), 'auto', or 'never'
-append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F)
-print the index number of each file
-do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-default to 1024-byte blocks for disk usage; used only with -s and per directory totals
-use a long listing format
-when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself
-fill width with a comma separated list of entries
-like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs
-print entry names without quoting
-like -l, but do not list group information
-append / indicator to directories
-print ? instead of nongraphic characters
-show nongraphic characters as-is (the default, unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal)
-enclose entry names in double quotes
-use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, shell-escape, shell-escape-always, c, escape (overrides QUOTING_STYLE environment variable)
-reverse order while sorting
-list subdirectories recursively
-print the allocated size of each file, in blocks
-sort by file size, largest first
-sort by WORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S), time (-t), version (-v), extension (-X)
-with -l, show time as WORD instead of default modification time: atime or access or use (-u); ctime or status (-c); also use specified time as sort key if --sort=time (newest first)
-time/date format with -l; see TIME_STYLE below
-sort by modification time, newest first
-assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-with -lt: sort by, and show, access time; with -l: show access time and sort by name; otherwise: sort by access time, newest first
-do not sort; list entries in directory order
-natural sort of (version) numbers within text
-set output width to COLS. 0 means no limit
-list entries by lines instead of by columns
-sort alphabetically by entry extension
-print any security context of each file
-list one file per line. Avoid '\n' with -q or -b
-display this help and exit
-output version information and exit
-The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024). Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).
-The TIME_STYLE argument can be full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT. FORMAT is interpreted like in date(1). If FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files. TIME_STYLE prefixed with 'posix-' takes effect only outside the POSIX locale. Also the TIME_STYLE environment variable sets the default style to use.
-Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it.
-if OK,
-if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory),
-if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command-line argument).
-Written by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.
-GNU coreutils online help: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
-Report ls translation bugs to <https://translationproject.org/team/>
Copyright © 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <https://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
-This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Full documentation at: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/ls>
-or available locally via: info '(coreutils) ls invocation'