288 lines
11 KiB
TeX
288 lines
11 KiB
TeX
\documentclass[twoside]{report}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Packages %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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\usepackage{float}
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\raggedbottom
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Fonts %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Choose either kpfonts or fourier
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% \usepackage[nott]{kpfonts}
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% \usepackage{fourier}
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\usepackage{lmodern}
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% Delete any of the following that are not needed
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\usepackage{lettrine} % Drop caps
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\usepackage{wrapfig} % Let's wrap some images
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\usepackage{enumitem} % Control spacing in lists
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\usepackage{setspace} % Better control over line-spacing
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\usepackage{nicefrac} % Use nice fractions
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\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc} % Keep the footnotes at the bottom of the page
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\usepackage{microtype} % Make things neater.
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\usepackage{tabularray} % Easy tables
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\usepackage[]{footmisc}
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\usepackage{tikz}
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\usetikzlibrary{calc}
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\usepackage{ninecolors}
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\usepackage{lipsum}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Commands %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\graphicspath{{images/}} % Where are our images?
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\usepackage{multicol} % Include two- or three-column sections
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\counterwithout{footnote}{chapter} % Stop resetting the footnote count after each chapter
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%\NumTabs{18} % Define 18 tab stops (at 1/4" intervals) [tabto package]
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\raggedbottom % Don't force text to fill page
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\setlength{\belowcaptionskip}{4pt} % Adjust space between caption and figure
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%\renewcommand*\contentsname{In This Issue…} % Change the name of the TOC
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Document Setup%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\usepackage{geometry}
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\geometry{
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paperheight=8.5in,
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paperwidth=5.5in,
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margin=15mm,
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% a5paper % Comment out for half-letter paper
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}
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\addtolength{\topmargin}{10mm} % Adjust and bottom margin
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\addtolength{\textheight}{-20mm} % Adjust the bottom margin
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Page Headers%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Adjust the TITLE as necessary
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\usepackage{fancyhdr}
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\pagestyle{fancy}
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\fancyhf{}
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\fancyhead[LE,RO]{\textit{Sudoku}}
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\fancyhead[RE,LO]{Issue \#006}
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\cfoot{Page \thepage}
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\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.5pt}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Chapter Title Spacing %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\usepackage{titlesec}
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\titleformat{\chapter}[display]
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{\normalfont\huge\bfseries}
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{\chaptertitlename\ \thechapter}
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{20pt}
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{\Huge}
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\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{0pt}{40pt}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Custom Macros %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Make a nice border and box for the tops of our examples
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\newcommand\klab[3]{\vspace{#1}\noindent{}\hrulefill\fbox{\texttt{~#2~}}\hrulefill\vspace{#3}}
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% Add an \hrule with space above and below
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\newcommand\krule[2]{\vspace{#1}\hrule\vspace{#2}}
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% Make hrefs easier (must load package hyperref}
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\newcommand\kref[2]{\href{#1}{{\texttt{#2}}}}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Custom Macros %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Draw a sudoku grid with labels
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\newcommand{\kgridl}{
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% Thick horizontal lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(9,0);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,3)--(9,3);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,6)--(9,6);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,9)--(9,9);
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% Thick vertical lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(0,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](3,0)--(3,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](6,0)--(6,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](9,0)--(9,9);
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% Thin horizontal lines
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\draw (0,1)--(9,1);
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\draw (0,2)--(9,2);
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\draw (0,4)--(9,4);
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\draw (0,5)--(9,5);
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\draw (0,7)--(9,7);
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\draw (0,8)--(9,8);
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% Thin vertical lines
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\draw (1,0)--(1,9);
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\draw (2,0)--(2,9);
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\draw (4,0)--(4,9);
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\draw (5,0)--(5,9);
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\draw (7,0)--(7,9);
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\draw (8,0)--(8,9);
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% Labels
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\begin{footnotesize}
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\node at (-0.5,0.5) {R1};
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\node at (-0.5,1.5) {R2};
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\node at (-0.5,2.5) {R3};
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\node at (-0.5,3.5) {R4};
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\node at (-0.5,4.5) {R5};
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\node at (-0.5,5.5) {R6};
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\node at (-0.5,6.5) {R7};
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\node at (-0.5,7.5) {R8};
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\node at (-0.5,8.5) {R9};
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\node at (0.5,-0.5) {C1};
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\node at (1.5,-0.5) {C2};
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\node at (2.5,-0.5) {C3};
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\node at (3.5,-0.5) {C4};
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\node at (4.5,-0.5) {C5};
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\node at (5.5,-0.5) {C6};
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\node at (6.5,-0.5) {C7};
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\node at (7.5,-0.5) {C8};
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\node at (8.5,-0.5) {C9};
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\end{footnotesize}
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}
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% Draw a sudoku grid without labels
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\newcommand{\kgrid}{
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% Thick horizontal lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(9,0);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,3)--(9,3);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,6)--(9,6);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,9)--(9,9);
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% Thick vertical lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(0,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](3,0)--(3,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](6,0)--(6,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](9,0)--(9,9);
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% Thin horizontal lines
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\draw (0,1)--(9,1);
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\draw (0,2)--(9,2);
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\draw (0,4)--(9,4);
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\draw (0,5)--(9,5);
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\draw (0,7)--(9,7);
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\draw (0,8)--(9,8);
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% Thin vertical lines
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\draw (1,0)--(1,9);
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\draw (2,0)--(2,9);
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\draw (4,0)--(4,9);
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\draw (5,0)--(5,9);
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\draw (7,0)--(7,9);
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\draw (8,0)--(8,9);
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}
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% Sudoku nodes
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\newcommand{\knode}[3]{\node at ($(#1-0.5,#2-0.5)$) {#3};}
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% Sudoku fills
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\newcommand{\kfill}[3]{\draw [fill=gray#3, line width=0mm] (#1,#2) rectangle +(1,1);}
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% Sudoku markers
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\newcommand{\kfirst}[2]{\fill [red5] ($(#1 - 0.2,#2 - 0.2)$) circle (0.75pt);}
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\newcommand{\ksecond}[2]{\fill [red5] ($(#1 - 0.2,#2 - 0.2)$) circle (0.75pt);\fill [red5] ($(#1 - 0.8,#2 - 0.2)$) circle (0.75pt);}
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\newcommand{\kguess}[2]{\fill [red5] ($(#1 - 0.8,#2 - 0.8)$) circle (0.75pt);}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Include URLS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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% Be sure to load this package last
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\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref} % Inlcude URLs, but load this package last
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Document Information %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Adjust the TITLE and SUBTITLE as necessary
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\author{Kenneth John Odle}
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\title{
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{\Huge Sudoku} \\
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\bigskip
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{\footnotesize How to Play \\ How to Win \\
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\bigskip
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Typeset in \LaTeX{} \\
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% Issue \#006
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}
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}
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\date{\begin{small}\the\year\end{small}}
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%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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%% Let's get it started %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
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\begin{document}
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\maketitle
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\section*{Impressum}
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All contents \copyright{}2025 Kenneth John Odle
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FYI, this is made in \LaTeX \,using the report document class. It then gets exported to a letterhalf (5.5 in x 8.5 in) pdf, which then gets made into a booklet using PDF Booklet, which you can find at
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\kref{https://pdfbooklet.sourceforge.io/wordpress/}{https://pdfbooklet.sourceforge.io/wordpress/}
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If you want to donate financial support for the creation of this zine (and all the hours of research that go into it), you can do so at
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\kref{https://paypal.me/kjodle}{https://paypal.me/kjodle} (Thanks!)
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\tableofcontents
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\chapter{What Is Sudoku?}
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\lettrine[loversize=0.5,nindent=-0.2mm]{S}{udoku} is a number-placement game played on a 9x9 grid for a total of 81 individual cells, with that main grid broken up into 9 subgrids of 9 cells each, as shown in figure \ref{subgrids}. The goal is to enter the numbers 1 through 9 into each cell such that each row, each column, and each subgrid contains each number only once. See figure \ref{fullgrid} for an example with rows and columns labeled.
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\begin{wrapfigure}{O}{0.45\textwidth}
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\centering
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\begin{tikzpicture}[x=5mm,y=5mm]
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% Thick horizontal lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(9,0);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,3)--(9,3);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,6)--(9,6);
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\draw [ultra thick](0,9)--(9,9);
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% Thick vertical lines
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\draw [ultra thick](0,0)--(0,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](3,0)--(3,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](6,0)--(6,9);
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\draw [ultra thick](9,0)--(9,9);
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\caption[]{A sudoku grid showing only the subgrids.}
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\label{subgrids}
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\end{wrapfigure}
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Sudoku puzzles have anywhere from a few to many of the cells filled in with numbers. Those puzzles with more cells filled in are generally easier to complete than those with only a few cells filled in.
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Number puzzles of this type have been around for a long time, with one of the earliest appearing in 1892 in the French newspaper \textit{Le Siècle}, which was a partially completed 9x9 magic square\footnote{A square array of numbers in which the sum of numbers in each row, column, and both diagonals add up to the same number.}
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Despite the Japanese name (which translates roughly as ``digit-single'' or ``number-unique''), the modern sudoku puzzle is apparently an American invention, first appearing the May 1979 issue of \textit{Dell Pencil Puzzles \& Word Games} as ``Number Place''. It is apparently the work of a retired architect named Howard Garns, although the evidence is somewhat circumstantial: Garns appeared in the list of contributors in each issue that did contain a ``Number Place'' puzzle, but did not appear in the list of contributors in issues that did \textit{not} contain a ``Number Place'' puzzle.\footnote{See \kref{https://www.mathpuzzle.com/MAA/41-Sudoku Variations/mathgames_09_05_05.html}{https://www.mathpuzzle.com/MAA/41-Sudoku\%20Variations/mathgames\_09\\\_05\_05.html} for more information, which also contains more information on sudoku variations.}
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\begin{wrapfigure}{O}{0.5\textwidth}
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\centering
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\begin{tikzpicture}[x=5mm,y=5mm]
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\kgridl
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\end{tikzpicture}
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\caption[]{A full 9x9 sudoku grid with columns and rows labeled.}
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\label{fullgrid}
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\end{wrapfigure}
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It was later imitated in the 1980's by the Japanese publisher Nikoli who introduced two small improvements: the number of clues was limited to 32, and the clues were distributed in a rotationally symmetric way, meaning that the clues were more evenly distributed across the grid.
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In 1997, Wayne Gould, a retired judge from New Zealand who had moved to Hong Kong spotted the puzzles in a Japanese bookshop and then spent the next six years developing a computer program to create sudoku puzzles, and started selling them local newspapers and eventually to the London \textit{Times}. He also publishes them from his own website at \kref{https://sudoku.com/}{https://sudoku.com/}.\footnote{See \kref{https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/may/15/pressandpublishing.usnews}{https://www.theguardian.com/media/2005/may/15/pressandpublishing.u\\snews} for more information.}
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\chapter{The Rules of Sudoku}
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\lettrine[loversize=0.5,nindent=-0.2mm]{T}{he} rules of sudoku are both few and simple:
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\begin{enumerate}[noitemsep]
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\item Sudoku is played on a 9x9 grid.
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\item You can only use the numbers 1 through 9.
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\item Each vertical column can only contain the numbers 1 through 9, with no number being used more than once.
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\item Each horizontal row can only contain the numbers 1 through 9, with no number being used more than once.
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\item Each 3x3 subgrid can only contain the numbers 1 through 9, with no number being used more than once.
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\end{enumerate}
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Winning is simple: you win when you have filled in the entire 9x9 grid according to the rules above.
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\chapter{Troubleshooting}
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\end{document}
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